In Tolstoy’s work “War and Peace”, just like in any other novel, there is love. And it opens up in different angles and in different meanings. When many people hear this word, they immediately imagine two people who love each other very much and cannot live without each other.
Love happens in the life of each of the main characters. Although on the way to her they pass great amount obstacles and obstacles.
Andrei Bolkonsky traveled a long and difficult path on the path to love. In his youth, he liked Lisa very much, and he loved her very much. But a little later he realized that he had made a mistake and could no longer live like this. He does not like family life at all, and he tries to get rid of it as soon as possible.
After the war, he met Natalya, and he really liked her. She was completely different from all the other girls. But his pride had been bothering him for a long time. And when he finds out about her betrayal, he immediately abandons her and goes to the battlefield. He does not yet realize that this battle will be his last. And he admits all his mistakes before his death.
Pierre's love turned out to be very similar. He met a girl named Helen and immediately fell in love with her. He was confident that they would never have barriers or obstacles. But fate has completely different plans. And when they got married, he realized that he didn’t love her at all and, by marrying her, he made a mistake. Gradually, he stopped enjoying life and he saw no further meaning in their living together.
A little later he met another girl named Natasha. But she chose Pierre's friend Andrey, and Pierre was very disappointed in this. But on the other hand, he was glad that everything was going well for his friend. And when things didn’t work out for Pierre with his wife, he decides to start looking for meaning in life again.
And even after so many years, he did not stop loving Natasha and continued to wait for her. And he waited until they were both free, and they could no longer restrain their feelings. Only now can they be happy and loved by each other.
Although Maria was not too beautiful girl but she had a wonderful inner world, which not everyone could notice, but Nikolai Rostov managed to see it.
Love moves and controls all the characters in the novel. And in many situations, the heroes do not see the point in living further, but love seeps through all these barriers and obstacles and helps them find a way out of any situation.
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Introduction
The theme of love in Russian literature has always occupied one of the first places. Great poets and writers of all times turned to her. Love for the Motherland, for the mother, for the woman, for the land, for the family - the manifestation of this feeling is very different, it depends on people and circumstances. It is very clearly shown what love can be and what it is in the novel “War and Peace” by Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy. After all, it is love in the novel “War and Peace” that is the main driving force in the lives of heroes. They love and suffer, hate and care, despise, discover truths, hope and wait - and all this is love.
The heroes of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel live life to the fullest, their destinies are intertwined. Natasha Rostova, Andrei Bolkonsky, Helen Kuragina, Pierre Bezukhov, Marya Bolkonskaya, Nikolai Rostov, Anatol, Dolokhov and others - all of them, to a greater or lesser extent, experienced a feeling of love and went through the path of spiritual rebirth or moral decline. Therefore, today the theme of love in Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” remains relevant. Whole lives of people, different in their status, character, meaning of life and beliefs, flash before us.
Love and heroes of the novel
Helen Kuragina
The secular beauty Helen had “an undoubted and too powerful and victorious beauty.” But all this beauty was present only in her appearance. Helen's soul was empty and ugly. For her, love is money, wealth and recognition in society. Helen enjoyed great success with men. Having married Pierre Bezukhov, she continued to flirt with everyone who attracted her attention. Status married woman did not embarrass her at all, she took advantage of Pierre’s kindness and deceived him.
All members of the Kuragin family showed the same attitude of love. Prince Vasily called his children “fools” and said: “My children are a burden to my existence.” He expected to marry his "junior" prodigal son» Anatole on the daughter of the old Count Bolkonsky - Marya. Their whole life was built on profitable calculations, and human relationships were alien to them. Vulgarity, meanness, secular entertainment and pleasures - here life ideal Kuragin family.
But the author of the novel does not support such love in War and Peace. L.N. Tolstoy shows us a completely different love - real, faithful, all-forgiving. Love that has stood the test of time, the test of war. Reborn, renewed, bright love is the love of the soul.
Andrey Bolkonsky
This hero went through a difficult time moral path to your true love, to understanding your own purpose. Having married Lisa, he did not have family happiness. He was not interested in society, he himself said: “...this life that I lead here, this life is not for me!
“Andrei was going to war, despite the fact that his wife was pregnant. And in a conversation with Bezukhov, he said: “...what would I not give now in order not to be married!” Then the war, the sky of Austerlitz, disappointment in his idol, the death of his wife and the old oak tree... “our life is over!” The revival of his soul will occur after meeting Natasha Rostova - “... the wine of her charm went to his head: he felt revived and rejuvenated...” Dying, he forgave her for the fact that she refused to love him when she was enchanted by Anatoly Kuragin. But it was Natasha who took care of the dying Bolkonsky, it was she who sat at his head, it was she who received his last look. Wasn’t this the happiness of Andrei? He died in the arms of his beloved woman, and his soul found peace. Just before his death, he told Natasha: “...I love you too much. More than anything else". Andrei forgave Kuragin before his death: “Love your neighbors, love your enemies. To love everything—to love God in all his manifestations.”
Natasha Rostova
Natasha Rostova meets us in the novel as a thirteen-year-old girl who loves everyone around her. In general, the Rostov family was distinguished by its special cordiality and sincere care for each other. Love and harmony reigned in this family, so Natasha could not be different. Childhood love for Boris Drubetsky, who promised to wait for her for four years, sincere joy and kind attitude towards Denisov, who proposed to her, speak of the sensuality of the heroine’s nature. Her main need in life is to love. When Natasha saw Andrei Bolkonsky, a feeling of love completely overwhelmed her. But Bolkonsky, having proposed to Natasha, left for a year. Infatuation with Anatoly Kuragin in Andrei's absence gave Natasha doubt about her love. She even planned to escape, but Anatole’s revealed deception stopped her. The spiritual emptiness left by Natasha after her relationship with Kuragin gave rise to a new feeling for Pierre Bezukhov - a feeling of gratitude, tenderness and kindness. While Natasha did not know that it would be love.
She felt guilty before Bolkonsky. While caring for the wounded Andrei, she knew that he would soon die. He and she needed her care. It was important for her that she would be there when he closed his eyes.
Natasha's despair after all the events that happened - the flight from Moscow, the death of Bolkonsky, the death of Petya - was accepted by Pierre Bezukhov. After the end of the war, Natasha married him and found true family happiness. “Natasha needed a husband... And her husband gave her a family... all her spiritual strength was directed towards serving this husband and family...”
Pierre Bezukhov
Pierre came into the novel as the illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov. His attitude towards Elen Kuragina was based on trust and love, but after a while he realized that he was simply being led by the nose: “This is not love. On the contrary, there is something disgusting in the feeling that she aroused in me, something forbidden.” The difficult path has begun life's quest Pierre Bezukhov. He treated Natasha Rostova with care and tender feelings. But even in the absence of Bolkonsky, he did not dare to do anything extra. He knew that Andrei loved her, and Natasha was waiting for his return. Pierre tried to correct Rostova's situation when she became interested in Kuragin; he truly believed that Natasha was not like that. And he was not mistaken. His love survived all expectations and separation and found happiness. Having created a family with Natasha Rostova, Pierre was humanly happy: “After seven years of marriage, Pierre felt a joyful, firm consciousness that he was not a bad person, and he felt this because he was reflected in his wife.”
Marya Bolkonskaya
Tolstoy writes about Princess Marya Bolkonskaya: “...Princess Marya dreamed of family happiness and children, but her main, strongest and hidden dream was earthly love.” It was difficult to live in her father’s house; Prince Bolkonsky kept his daughter strictly. It cannot be said that he did not love her, only for him this love was expressed in activity and reason. Marya loved her father in her own way, she understood everything and said: “My calling is to be happy with another happiness, the happiness of love and self-sacrifice.” She was naive and pure and saw goodness and goodness in everyone. Even Anatoly Kuragin, who decided to marry her for advantageous position, she thought kind person. But Marya found her happiness with Nikolai Rostov, for whom the path to love turned out to be thorny and confusing. This is how the Bolkonsky and Rostov families united. Nikolai and Marya did what Natasha and Andrey could not do.
Love to motherland
The fates of the heroes and their contact are inseparable from the fate of the country. The theme of love for the homeland runs like a red thread through the life of each character. Moral quest Andrei Bolkonsky led him to the idea that the Russian people cannot be defeated. Pierre Bezukhov went from " young man“who doesn’t know how to live” to a real man who dared to look Napoleon in the eye, save a girl in a fire, endure captivity, sacrifice himself for the sake of others. Natasha Rostova, who gave the carts to the wounded soldiers, knew how to wait and believe in the strength of the Russian people. Petya Rostov, who died at the age of fifteen for a “just cause,” experienced true patriotism. Platon Karataev, a peasant partisan who fought for victory with his bare hands, managed to explain the simple truth of life to Bezukhov. Kutuzov, who gave all of himself “for the Russian land,” believed to the end in the strength and spirit of Russian soldiers. L.N. Tolstoy in the novel showed the power of the Russian people in the unity, faith and steadfastness of Russia.
Love for parents
It is no coincidence that the Rostov, Bolkonsky, Kuragin families are presented in the novel by Tolstoy with detailed description the lives of almost all family members. They are opposed to each other on the principles of education, morality, and internal relationships. Reverence family traditions, love for parents, care and participation - this is the basis of the Rostov family. Respect, justice and non-questioning of one’s father are the principles of life of the Bolkonsky family. The Kuragins live at the mercy of money and vulgarity. Neither Hippolyte, nor Anatole, nor Helen have grateful feelings for their parents. A love problem arose in their family. They deceive others and deceive themselves, thinking that wealth is human happiness. In fact, their idleness, frivolity, and promiscuity do not bring happiness to anyone of them. Initially, this family did not cultivate a sense of love, kindness, or trust. Everyone lives for himself, without grieving for his neighbor.
Tolstoy gives this contrast of families for full picture life. We see love in all its manifestations - destructive and all-forgiving. We understand whose ideal is close to us. We have the opportunity to see what path we need to take to achieve happiness.
Characteristics of the relationships of the main characters and a description of their love experiences will help 10th grade students when writing an essay on the topic “The Theme of Love in the novel “War and Peace” by Leo Tolstoy.”
Work test
"Love and be loved
Happy just like us
In love, obstacles can be overcome
All dreams come true."
Amirova A.
What is love? I think there is no person who would not be interested in this question. Love, on the one hand, is an elementary concept, but at the same time mysterious, somehow incomprehensible. Only love makes a person happy or unhappy. She is the one who can support you in difficult times or throw you unexpectedly. Some say: “Well, what is love? It's nothing. Just think you’ve fallen in love, you’ll soon forget...” But this misconception, yes, I agree, falling in love can pass, but not love! After all, falling in love and love are different feelings. Falling in love is like a match, and love is like a candle. The first flares up brightly, often burns, but quickly burns out, the second burns for a long time with a clear, clean flame. Let's look at this with an example. Take for example Tolstoy's novel War and Peace.
In this work, the author very clearly divides love into several types. For example, let's take love in the Rostov family. The Countess loves her children motherly love. Little Natasha's friendship with Boris - childhood hobby, need to love, curiosity. Maria Bolkonskaya sacrifices herself for the sake of love for her father and because of this, at the beginning of the novel she does not marry. Natalya's love for Anatoly Kuragin turned out to be simple love, self-hypnosis. Berg marries Vera for convenience in order to receive a dowry in the form of money and make new connections. Boris also marries Julie, because she, in turn, was rich, although not even beautiful. I consider the feelings between Andrei and Natasha to be the brightest and most sincere love in this novel. After all, even after the “betrayal” they were able to forgive each other, because they were truly in love, but unfortunately it was too late to change anything. Andrei was wounded and she could only hope and care for her beloved. This is one of the principles of love:
Caring - “If he feels unwell, the first duty is to support him under any circumstances.” She herself was weak after the incident, but that did not stop her. She! It was Natasha who looked after Andrei, despite the fact that her parents tried to hide the news from her that Andrei was among the wounded soldiers. I hope that Natalya Rostova will serve as an example to readers sincerely loving girl, but I would also like to note that you shouldn’t rush headlong into the pool, because it could end badly. This is exactly what happened to the heroine of the novel in her relationship with Kuragin. And also to know that there are such nasty, heartless people like Helen. In love, the main thing for me is to be happy and give happiness to others, and not the thickness of my wallet or a profitable list of acquaintances. After all, judge for yourself, and in our time you can find many people for whom it is not the inner world of a person, not his good qualities, but appearance, condition and benefit.
Tolstoy showed love from different sides
Acquaintance, trials, betrayal, meeting again
This is the fate of my two favorite heroes
Andrey and Natasha. Now I'll tell you about them
Natalya Rostova is a Russian soul for us
She was good at both singing and dancing
Andrei Bolkonsky strived for fame
This sometimes happens to us too
But their love was mutual, pure
After all, the attempt to escape was not without reason
Natasha was egged on by Helen.
And she herself was captured by her feelings
And out of stupidity, that she was passionate about Kuragin
Andrei Rostova was not forgiven
But then they met at a tragic moment
And Bolkonsky was hurt by Natasha’s tears
He forgave her and reminded her of love,
But, unfortunately, they did not stay together.
Tolstoy also told us about love of convenience.
And even now there is no account of this love.
Boris's mother was prone to money
This should serve us as a good lesson
After all, money is not the most important thing on earth
So, at least it seems to me
Please don't ever do this
And don’t leave a person to the mercy of fate.
Almost all the heroes of “War and Peace” are subjected to the test of love. They do not all come to true love and mutual understanding, to moral beauty, and not at once, but only after going through mistakes and the suffering that redeems them, developing and purifying the soul.
Andrei Bolkonsky's path to happiness was thorny. A twenty-year-old inexperienced youth, carried away and blinded by “ external beauty“, he marries Lisa. However, very quickly Andrei came to a painful and depressing understanding of how “cruelly and uniquely” he had made a mistake. In a conversation with Pierre, Andrei, almost in despair, utters the words: “Never, never get married... until you have done everything you could... My God, what I wouldn’t give now not to be married! ”
Family life did not bring Bolkonsky happiness and peace, he was burdened by her. He did not love his wife, but rather despised her as a child of an empty, stupid world. Prince Andrei was constantly oppressed by the feeling of the uselessness of his life, equating him with a “court lackey and idiot.”
Then there was the sky of Austerlitz, the death of Lisa, and a deep spiritual change, and fatigue, melancholy, contempt for life, disappointment. Bolkonsky at that time was like an oak tree, which “stood like an old, angry and contemptuous monster between the smiling birches” and “did not want to submit to the charm of spring.” “An unexpected confusion of young thoughts and hopes” arose in Andrei’s soul. He left transformed, and again in front of him was an oak tree, but not an old, ugly oak tree, but covered with “a tent of lush, dark greenery,” so that “no sores, no old mistrust, no grief - nothing was visible.”
Love, like a miracle, revives Tolstoy's heroes to a new life. A true feeling for Natasha, so unlike the empty, absurd women of the world, came to Prince Andrei later and with incredible force turned him over and renewed his soul. He “seemed and was a completely different, new person,” and it was as if he had stepped out of a stuffy room into the free light of God. True, even love did not help Prince Andrei to humble his pride; he never forgave Natasha for “betrayal.” Only after a mortal wound and a mental break and rethinking of life did Bolkonsky understand her suffering, shame and repentance and realize the cruelty of breaking up with her. “I love you more, better than before,” he said then to Natasha, but nothing, not even her fiery feeling, could keep him in this world.
“I love you more, better than before,” he said then to Natasha, but nothing, not even her fiery feeling, could keep him in this world.
Pierre's fate is somewhat similar to his fate best friend. Just like Andrei, who in his youth was carried away by Liza, who has just arrived from Paris, the childishly enthusiastic Pierre is carried away by the “doll-like” beauty of Helen. The example of Prince Andrei did not become a “science” for him; Pierre was convinced from his own experience that external beauty is not always internal - spiritual beauty.
Pierre felt that there were no barriers between him and Helene, she “was terribly close to him,” her beautiful and “marble” body had power over him. And although Pierre felt that this was “not good for some reason,” he weakly succumbed to the feeling instilled in him by this “depraved woman” and eventually became her husband. As a result, a bitter feeling of disappointment, gloomy despondency, contempt for his wife, for life, for himself gripped him some time after the wedding, when Helen’s “mystery” turned into spiritual emptiness, stupidity and debauchery.
Having met Natasha, Pierre, like Andrei, was amazed and attracted by her purity and naturalness. Feelings for her had already timidly begun to grow in his soul when Bolkonsky and Natasha fell in love with each other. The joy of their happiness mixed in his soul with sadness. Unlike Andrey, kind heart Pierre understood and forgave Natasha after the incident with Anatoly Kuragin. Although he tried to despise her, he saw the exhausted, suffering Natasha, and “a never-before-experienced feeling of pity filled Pierre’s soul.” And love entered his “soul, which blossomed towards a new life.” Pierre understood Natasha, perhaps because her connection with Anatole was similar to his infatuation with Helen. Natasha believed in inner beauty Kuragin, in communication with whom she, like Pierre and Helen, “felt with horror that there was no barrier between him and her.” After a disagreement with his wife, Pierre's life's quest continues. He became interested in Freemasonry, then there was a war, and the half-childish idea of killing Napoleon, and the burning one - Moscow, terrible minutes of waiting for death and captivity. Having gone through suffering, Pierre's renewed, purified soul retained his love for Natasha. Having met her, who had also changed greatly, Pierre did not recognize Natasha. They both believed that after everything they had experienced they would be able to feel this joy, but love awoke in their hearts, and suddenly “it smelled and filled with long-forgotten happiness,” and the “forces of life” began to beat, and “joyful madness” took possession of them.
“Love has awakened, and life has awakened.” The power of love revived Natasha after the mental apathy caused by the death of Prince Andrei.
The power of love revived Natasha after the mental apathy caused by the death of Prince Andrei. She thought that her life was over, but the love for her mother that arose with renewed vigor showed her that her essence - love - was still alive in her. This all-encompassing power of love, which brought to life the people it loved and towards whom it was directed.
The fates of Nikolai Rostov and Princess Marya were not easy. Quiet, meek, ugly in appearance, but beautiful soul, the princess during her father’s life did not even hope to get married or raise children. Anatole, the only wooer, and only for the sake of a dowry, of course, could not understand her high spirituality, moral beauty.
In the epilogue of the novel “War and Peace,” Tolstoy exalts the spiritual unity of people, which forms the basis of nepotism. Was created new family, in which seemingly different principles - the Rostovs and the Bolkonskys - were combined.
“As in every real family, in the Lysogorsk house several completely different worlds lived together, which, each maintaining its own peculiarity and making concessions to one another, merged into one harmonious whole.”
The theme of love in Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" (2nd version)
The theme of love in Russian literature has always occupied one of the first places. Great poets and writers of all times turned to her. Love for the Motherland, for the mother, for the woman, for the land, for the family - the manifestation of this feeling is very different, it depends on people and circumstances. It is very clearly shown what love can be and what it is in the novel “War and Peace” by Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy. After all, it is love in the novel “War and Peace” that is the main driving force in the lives of the heroes. They love and suffer, hate and care, despise, discover truths, hope and wait - and all this is love.
The heroes of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel live full lives, their destinies are intertwined. Natasha Rostova, Andrei Bolkonsky, Helen Kuragina, Pierre Bezukhov, Marya Bolkonskaya, Nikolai Rostov, Anatol, Dolokhov and others - all of them, to a greater or lesser extent, experienced a feeling of love and went through the path of spiritual rebirth or moral decline. Therefore, today the theme of love in Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” remains relevant. Whole lives of people, different in their status, character, meaning of life and beliefs, flash before us.
The theme of love in Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" (version 3)
Love... Perhaps one of the most exciting problems of human life. In the novel “War and Peace” many pages are devoted to this wonderful feeling. Andrei Bolkonsky, Pierre Bezukhoe, Anatole pass before us... They all love, but they love in different ways, and the author helps the reader to see, correctly understand and appreciate a person’s feelings.
To Prince Andrey true love doesn't come right away. From the very beginning of the novel we see how far he is from secular society, and his wife Lisa is a typical representative of the world. Although Prince Andrei loves his wife in his own way (such a man could not marry without love), they are spiritually separated and cannot be happy together. His love for Natasha is a completely different feeling. He found in her a person close, understandable, sincere, natural, loving and understanding of what Prince Andrei knows and values. His feeling is very pure, gentle, caring. He believes Natasha to the end and does not hide his love to anyone. Love makes him younger and stronger, ennobles him, helps him. (“Such an unexpected confusion of young thoughts and hopes arose in his soul...”) Prince Andrei decides to marry Natasha because he loves her with all his heart.
Completely different. Anatoly Kuragin's love for Natasha. Anatole is handsome, rich, accustomed to worship. Everything in life is easy for him. At the same time, he is stupid and superficial. He never even thought about his love. Everything is simple for him, just a thirst for pleasure. And Natasha holds the “passionate” with shaking hands love letter, composed for Anatoly by Dolokhov. “Love and die. “I have no other choice,” reads this letter. Trite. Ana-tol doesn’t think at all about future fate Natasha, oh her happiness. Above all, personal pleasure is for him. This feeling cannot be called high. And is this love?
Friendship... With his novel, L.N. Tolstoy helps the reader understand what true friendship is. Extreme frankness and honesty between two people, when no one can even entertain the thought of betrayal or apostasy - this is exactly the kind of relationship that develops between Prince Andrei and Pierre. They deeply respect and understand each other, and in the most difficult moments of doubt and failure they come for advice. It is no coincidence that Prince Andrei, when leaving abroad, tells Natasha to turn to Pierre for help only. Pierre has loved Natasha for a long time, but he doesn’t even have the thought of taking advantage of Prince Andrei’s departure to court her. Against. Although it is very difficult and difficult for Pierre, he helps Natasha in the story with Anatoly Kuragin, he considers it an honor and duty to protect and protect his friend’s fiancee.
A completely different relationship is established between Anatoly and Dolokhov, although they are also considered friends in the world. “Anatole sincerely loved Dolokhov for his intelligence and daring; Dolokhov, who needed Anatole’s strength, nobility, and connections to lure rich young people into his gambling society, without letting him feel this, used and amused himself with Kuragin.” What kind of pure and honest love and friendship can we talk about here? Dolokhov indulges Anatoly in his affair with Natasha, writes a love letter for him and watches what is happening with interest. True, he tried to warn Anatole when he was going to take Natasha away, but only out of fear that this would affect his interests.
Love and friendship, honor and nobility. L.N. Tolstoy provides a solution to these problems not only through the main ones, but also through secondary images novel, although L. N. Tolstoy does not have an answer to the question posed about morality minor characters: Berg’s petty-bourgeois ideology, Boris Drubetsky’s “unwritten subordination,” “love for Julie Karagina’s estates” and so on - this is the second half of solving the problem - through negative examples.
Even to solving the problem of whether a person is beautiful or not, great writer approaches from a very peculiar moral position. An immoral person cannot be truly beautiful, he believes, and therefore portrays the beautiful Helen Bezukhova as a “beautiful animal.” On the contrary, Marya Volkonskaya, who cannot be called a beauty, is transformed when she looks at others with a “radiant” gaze.
L. N. Tolstoy’s solution to all the problems in the novel “War and Peace” from a moral perspective makes this work relevant, and Lev Nikolaevich a relevant writer, the author of works that are highly moral and deeply psychological.