Each of us made our first sketches as children. During the drawing lessons, not everyone tried to do the work well and did not think about acquiring skills. In adulthood, many people feel the need to create something beautiful, but how to learn to draw with a pencil? After all, any drawing technique is based on the ability to hold the stylus correctly, make basic sketches, and create images. In this article you will find useful tips for learning to draw, as in art school, and independently.
Pencil Drawing Basics
Experts say that anyone, regardless of age, can learn how to draw correctly with a pencil. Learning to paint always begins with getting to know the materials that a beginning artist needs:
- a sheet of white paper, any format;
- eraser, also known as a rubber grater;
- simple pencils.
The first steps in drawing begin with pencil sketch. Transmitted through meager lines general outline the object being copied, various poses, moments of movement. The sketch is the most quick way put on paper your first thoughts and impressions of what you are drawing. While sketching, you don’t need to pay attention to unnecessary details; it is recommended to draw it for no more than 10 minutes.
How to learn to draw from scratch
Scientific psychologists have proven that during the process of creating a drawing, both hemispheres of the brain are actively working in a person, and the imagination is activated. It’s not for nothing that there is a technique for calming nerves called art therapy - this is drawing for adults and children. Many people want to be able to, but do not know how to learn to draw with a pencil. Learning to draw from scratch is not at all difficult, because the technique of drawing with a pencil is accessible to children and adults.
Art school
How can a child learn to draw with a pencil? The best solution is to send him to an art school. It is designed for teaching children school age from 6 to 17 years old. Upon admission to this institution, the level of knowledge and skills in fine arts. Depending on the child’s skills, they are assigned to the appropriate group of students.
Education at the art school is free and government funded. I visit this place after main school lessons three times a week. The course of study ranges from two to seven years. After graduating from school, the graduate receives a diploma, which opens the door to an artistic future: admission to college or higher institution by specialty.
Courses
How can adults learn to draw with a pencil? You can learn the art of drawing through art courses. They are paid. The course of study ranges from several weeks to four years. During this time, the art studio will teach you the following skills:
- How to draw correctly in step-by-step technique.
- Learn to use a pencil and brush. Teachers in art studio They teach not only the ability to hold tools correctly, but also to choose and distinguish high-quality from low-grade ones.
- Learn how to draw children with a pencil.
- Learn many drawing techniques.
- Learn how to learn to draw various objects.
- Learn to draw from life, landscapes, still lifes, people, animals, etc.
- Learn coloristics - choosing and combining colors correctly.
- Learn how to draw a cat with a pencil and other animals.
- They will tell you how to learn to draw portraits.
Online lessons
If you don’t have free time and you don’t know how to learn to draw with a pencil, then use online courses. They are suitable for those who are unable to attend a stationary studio. An approximate plan for completing classes in this format for beginning artists:
- The teacher provides basic knowledge of drawing in the form of examples of work and pictures.
- The selected topic of the drawing lesson is discussed in detail.
- At the end of the lesson the teacher gives homework, which you complete and mail to your teacher for review.
- At the next lesson, the student, together with the teacher, analyzes the homework in detail, and together they correct errors in the drawing, if any.
Online lessons, as an option, in order to learn how to draw professionally, are not the only way out. If you do not have the financial and territorial capabilities, but have a great and irresistible desire to learn how to draw well, then you can do it yourself with the help of:
- textbooks and drawing manuals;
- tutorials;
- drawing instructions;
- training videos.
Step-by-step drawing technique
A beginner needs to practice drawing by creating sketches. In order for the drawing to be meaningful, the sketch must be created according to the rules that form the plan:
- First, choose an object that you will draw, such as a teapot or vase.
- Examine it from all sides, determine its shape, its texture, how the shadows fall on this object.
- Determine the composition of the drawing, i.e. how it will be placed on paper, in what format.
- After the contours are drawn, draw the details and apply shadows.
Human
In order to draw a person, you need to decide on the composition. This means that you need to analyze the boundaries of the location from head to toe. Once you have a figure in your mind, start composing the body parts. You need to draw a person from a sketch of the contours of the head, going lower. In the image of a person, it is very important to immediately find the image; you should determine the number of details necessary for the finished drawing.
Face
In drawing a person great attention given to the face. To draw it correctly, you need to follow the steps:
- Decide how the face will be positioned on the paper. To do this, mentally draw an axis of symmetry; it should pass through the center of the sheet.
- Draw with a pencil on paper the outline of the face in the form of an oval (shape chicken egg).
- Build the shape of the face, starting from the jawline, moving to the most convex part - the cheekbone area, then to the narrowest - the temporal area.
- Align the drawn lines with an eraser; this will noticeably “lighten” the outline of the oval.
- Divide the resulting oval into three equal parts with light, barely noticeable lines. The very first line, located closer to the chin, marks the tip of the nose.
- Draw the nose, starting from the tip. It always protrudes forward, so it has a round, square, or pointed shape. Then we draw the wings of the nose and the bridge of the nose.
- We draw the mouth, starting from the upper bend of the lip, which is located in the middle of the nostrils of the nose.
Eyes
In a portrait of a person, the eyes occupy the most important place; they attract attention, so they need to be given Special attention. To draw them using a step-by-step technique, you must adhere to the following plan:
- Before drawing the eyes, it is necessary to outline the eyebrows, which are located at the level of the bridge of the nose. Their shape depends on the character that the artist wants to convey in the portrait.
- Having outlined the approximate location of the eyes, we draw out their shape in the form of an oval.
- Draw the pupil in the shape of a circle.
- We line the eyelids and shape the eyelashes.
Anime and Manga
Many young artists begin learning to draw with anime and manga, because... portray people in style bright characters Japanese cartoons much simpler than the classic one. The greatest emphasis in such cartoon characters falls on the head, eyes and hair. Let's sort it out step-by-step scheme drawing, with the help of which a novice artist will learn how to learn to draw anime:
- We start drawing the anime with an oval, which will be the head.
- Divide the circle in half lengthwise using straight line.
- Divide the head crosswise into three parts using light lines.
- Next, you need to note the location of the eyes, nose and mouth.
- Draw the big eyes, starting from the arc upper eyelid. The distance between them should be equal to one eye. When drawing pupils, much attention is paid to applying highlights. Eyebrows are drawn on these characters classic style: two even arcs.
- The nose in anime and manga is drawn small, expressed with a tick.
- Lips are drawn with two small lines.
- Anime and manga hair should be drawn in flowing triangles that slightly cover the eyes.
- Anime girls are depicted in bright clothes, mostly dresses.
3D drawings
Volumetric drawings fascinate with their realism, thanks to the correct construction of the form, the application of shadows and highlights in in the right places. You should learn to draw such pictures from simple geometric shapes: cylinder, rhombus, square. To recreate the 3D illusion of an object, you need to draw it in isometry, when the angles between the coordinate axes are 45 degrees. Volume is added to the drawing by auxiliary lines, which are drawn inside the figure with light pressure, and the outline is drawn in bold, more dark color.
Portraits
Portraits can be drawn both from life and from photographs. Before drawing up an image, carefully consider what message the future drawing will convey. Learn to draw a portrait of a person correctly, not only in terms of proportionality and symmetry, but also to display real emotions. Another task of drawing an image of a person is to convey the maximum similarity of the person being copied. To achieve this, before you start drawing, consider all the details, highlight those features, “highlights” that you will focus on.
Graffiti on paper
Nowadays, graffiti painting is a fashionable movement that is gaining momentum. Many buildings are full of incomprehensible volumetric inscriptions, but you can often find beautiful, professional drawings on the walls. To ensure that your paintings do not disfigure city buildings, and that expensive paints do not go to waste, you need to practice on paper for a long time. First, try drawing the letters of the alphabet using a pencil. To give them volume, use auxiliary lines.
House
The ability to draw buildings is useful not only for children, but also for people of all ages. age groups, to easily compose pictures, for example, a house with a landscape. Buildings are very easy to draw using lines. You should start with a rectangle, adding a triangle, you will get the image of a house, this is how children draw it. With the help of simple techniques and additional lines, the house becomes voluminous.
Cars
To draw a car with a pencil, you must adhere to step by step plan:
- Mark the outer outline of the car, dividing it in half with a line.
- We draw the body with thicker lines.
- Then we draw the wheels.
- We draw out the details of the front part of the car: headlights, Windshield, bumper
- We draw windows, doors, mirrors.
Animals
It is much more difficult to draw animals than objects, especially from life, because they constantly change their pose and are in motion. To draw an animal, for example, a horse, you need to decide on its characteristic features: thick mane, elongated muzzle, slender muscular legs. Look detailed instructions, . You may not be able to correctly portray your favorite cat or dog on the first try, but after several practices you will definitely succeed.
Video tutorials on drawing with a simple pencil for beginners
Video tutorials are a great way to learn how to draw on your own. Below is a selection of training videos in which experienced artists clearly show how to create easy pencil drawings for beginners. After watching the video, you will learn how to draw heroes Japanese cartoons– anime girls, learn to draw flowers. If you like landscapes, then watch the third video to the end, in which the artist paints nature, focusing special attention on the trees.
Drawing girls
How to draw flowers
Beautiful landscapes
How to Draw the Human Body
The human body is capable of performing a wide variety of movements: walking, running, jumping, doing some kind of work.
With all these movements, changes in the external shape of the body occur. Changes in shape occur even without any noticeable movement of the figure. A living person cannot remain motionless for long. Muscles, being in static tension, get tired much more, so a person, remaining in any position, constantly changes it slightly.
This is the difficulty of drawing from the sitter’s figure compared to drawing from plaster casts. Here you need to know the form well. No careful mechanical drawing gives the image a real plastic connection - the image turns out sluggish, lifeless.
Therefore, before starting to work on a drawing of a living nude model, it is necessary to study everything that forms the forms of a living organism and on which the patterns of its movements and statics depend. Study not only from the outside, visually, but also study the skeleton, the connections of the bones with each other, the muscles of the body.
Such study gives knowledge of what needs to be depicted. Then we will depict what we know, we will not copy the model, but use it.
It is better to start drawing a figure with drawing standing figure without complicated movement. Before you start drawing a figure, you need to inspect it with different points vision in order to clearly imagine the position of the body in space. To better understand the structure of the sitter’s body, it is necessary to get used to this pose and repeat it with your own body. Only after this can one begin to determine the composition of the sheet, the center of gravity, the area of support, the movement of the figure, etc.
As an illustration, you can see modern method building a human figure, which R.P. offers Kurilyak teaching plastic anatomy at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts and Industry V.I. Mukhina (Fig. 24-33).
We draw a vertical line and divide it in half. Mark one-eighth of the vertical at the top, which is the size of the head. If we draw a figure with support on one leg, then our vertical coincides with three points: the jugular fossa (notch), the pubic bone (pubic symphysis), the inner malleolus (tibia) and the heel. On the vertical line from the heel we mark the height of the instep to the ankle joint, which in proportion is equal to almost half the height of the head.
The further course of our thinking is as follows: we determine the direction of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, their degree of inclination in opposite directions; line shoulder girdle will pass through the jugular fossa with an inclination to the side, and the line of the pelvic girdle will pass through the pubic fusion from the greater trochanter of the supporting leg with an inclination towards the free leg.
We determine the width of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, which will later change slightly and be refined. In the meantime, we define the width of the pelvic girdle in relation to the height of the entire figure as one-sixth, the width of the shoulder girdle as one-fifth of the height of the entire figure.
If you connect the trace from the heel of the supporting leg to the point of the greater trochanter with a light line, you will get almost the axial line of the entire volume, although it will subsequently undergo major changes and additions. On the shoulder girdle above the supporting leg, we connect its edge with the edge of the pelvis of the girdle above the free leg.
The entire course of our thinking with a pencil in hand occurs very fluently and quickly, lightly touching the paper, without pinching it or scuffing it.
One of the main tasks for the drawer is to determine the line of the “big movement”. It is depicted by an arcuate line running from the jugular fossa towards the pubic bone and further from the pubic fusion in the opposite direction of the arc to the heel of the supporting leg. If the head is tilted towards the supporting leg, then the arcuate line running from the pubic symphysis to the jugular fossa can be continued to the parietal eminence of the head.
Now it's time to outline the arms in the movement the model is in. You can already draw the contour of the supporting leg, covering large volumes of the lower leg knee joint, show the plastic transition from the opposite side of the chest towards the supporting leg to its silhouette with an exit to the knee joint and covering the calf part of the lower leg.
We outline the free leg, its axial foot, and also clarify the position of the pelvis, its axial, coordinate the location of the kneecap of the supporting leg with the knee joint of the free one.
We determine the free limb large volumes along its main plastic directions: from the ilium (its upper spine) with access to inner part free leg, which almost coincides with the direction of the sartorius muscle; having contoured the edge of the thigh (epiphysis of the femur), we continue the arcuate line to the outer side of the tibia and then, at the level of the ankle joint, draw a line to the inner condyle of the tibia with an oval coverage in the cross section of the entire tibia at this level.
WITH inside free leg from the pubic bone, contouring the thigh with an arcuate line, we direct it, intersecting with the sartorius, and go out to the outer side of the thigh, coinciding with the arc with the external thigh muscle (quadriceps), and through the edge of the upper kneecap we draw an arcuate line to the inner edge of the free leg legs, emphasizing the calf muscle. Now, if you look carefully at our diagram, we will clearly read in it S-shaped, arched, “snake-shaped” lines in a curious relationship between the long and short segments of this same S-shaped line. All ratios will correspond to the principle of the golden ratio, which, in essence, is the principle of harmony. You can easily verify this if you take a diagonal measurement of any of the S-shaped lines of our volumes. This principle is that the ratio of the general to the larger part must necessarily be equal to the ratio of the larger part to the smaller.
First of all, I would like to warn that if we are talking about the golden ratio, about logic and pragmatism, then this only means one thing - such signs and understanding must be present at the level of “forgotten”, that is, unobtrusive but conscious drawing, which is one of the main ways mastering drawing.
The outline of the entire figure is already clearly visible in the drawing: the supporting leg, as the main natural core of this pose, acquires clarity in the silhouette and in separate volumes, such as the thigh, lower leg, foot. The thigh, in particular, may be manifested by the clarity of the quadriceps muscle, the lower leg by the external character of the anterior tibialis and peroneus longus muscles; The inner side of the lower leg is drawn primarily by the triceps muscles of the calf. It should also be noted that in this figure the entire volume of the knee joint is already outlined in detail. The chest is already well and clearly visible, a large one is planned pectoral muscle With right side model at the shoulder, latissimus dorsi along with part of the shoulder blade, giving a clear outline of the left side of the model. Because the left hand relative to the front plane is closest to the painter, then we pay more attention to it both in tone and in drawing; A feature of the elbow joint is the triceps brachii muscle. More softly in tone, but quite carefully and with full “respect” we treat the right side of the model, and already at this stage of drawing we clarify (demonstrate) the shoulder and forearm, outlining the hand. The knee joint of the free leg is especially clearly visible.
The next stage is associated with clarifying the spatial-constructive perception of the figure on the sheet and clarifying the fragments: the foot of the free leg, the contour of the thigh on the inside are outlined taking into account the falling shadows. In short, this stage of the drawing may be on the verge of completion. On it we decide the layout, front and side areas of the structure of both the entire figure as a whole and its individual parts.
Completion in any business is a convention, because you can complete it ad infinitum. And this is true, but in this case we speak of such completion when what we have drawn gives us a clear picture of the object or person.
At the final stage, one should also remember about graphic culture, that is, about such execution in which the object should be beautifully read by the viewer.
At the end of our discussions, it is necessary to emphasize that learning to draw begins with the simplest preparatory exercises, with consistent and gradual visual mastery of knowledge and artistic skills in the fine arts. We must always remember that the artist is tasked with showing the three-dimensional volume of the form on the two-dimensional plane of the sheet. And this can be done either by tone - fully correlating light and shadow - or by line and tone, without overloading the drawing.
After becoming familiar with the shapes of the human body in drawings of a standing figure, you can move on to drawing life in action. Only by working on a human figure in motion, from any angle, do we better understand the relationship between external form and internal movement. We understand how the external posture of the body changes depending on the position of the skeleton and the work of certain muscles. Knowledge of anatomy will be of great help in such drawings, good understanding body structures and knowledge of the basic proportions of the figure, in other words, the knowledge that we talked about above.
To master the drawing of a figure in motion, it is very useful to make small sketches and sketches of the body in one position or another, analyzing it from a constructive point of view (Fig. 34). In such sketches, much attention is paid not so much external analysis postures, how much internal movement there is of structurally important parts of the body: the spinal column, chest, pelvis, shoulder girdle, limbs. Such an analysis of the pose will simplify the task of depicting the figure from perspective, since it will give us an idea of the position of the axes in space. And the wonderful teacher Chistyakov believed that in order to correctly depict a form, it is necessary to begin the drawing by finding the internal axes on which the form should be built up. Feeling the internal axes, or more precisely, the direction of movement of the masses, is absolutely necessary throughout the entire work on the drawing, since it is the axes that allow you to create on a plane correct solution volume. Without identifying the internal axes and checking the image against them, the drawn form inevitably loses that plastic basis, the absence of which turns any construction into a transfer of the external surface.
It is very useful to test the degree of mastery of the image of a figure to make drawings from memory, and then from imagination.
To make it easier to navigate such drawings, we can suggest familiarizing yourself with the method of drawing a person as an image of a combination of simple geometric bodies. Even the Renaissance artist Durer suggested looking at the shape of the human body in a more simplified way, reducing it to a whole series of simple geometric bodies. He proposed to study these individual bodies, which have a rough resemblance to human parts, by drawing them in such movements and angles as can only be observed in the human body. This idea was also developed by S. Hollosy (Fig. 35). He divided the figure into a number of basic forms. Thus, the neck, interpreted as a cylinder, supported a head truncated by planes, was inserted into the torso cylinder, which rested on the pelvis, depicted as a combination of a cube and a truncated prism, etc. All these forms were depicted in relation to the middle line of the figure, which served in the work as the basis for constructing the volume of the body.
Let's consider this approach to the image using the example of constructing a standing figure. We start the drawing with the composition of the figure and determining its general shape. We very generally outline the size of the figure in the sheet and the design of the pose (Fig. 36). After this, we determine the position of the center of gravity, the area of support and the main axes of the figure. Based on geometric bodies, we outline the main masses of the body (Fig. 37). Upon completion of this analysis of forms, we move on to specifying the details of the figure, building them on the basis of geometric shapes (Fig. 38).
Instructions
Draw a vertical line on a piece of paper, the top point of which coincides with the top of your head person, and the lower one - with feet. Divide this line into eight parts - each part is equal to the height of the head person.
The widest part of the figure is equal to two whole and one third of the width of the head. Using the created auxiliary marks as guide lines, begin the shape person, taking into account all the relationships of body parts.
The waist should always be slightly wider than the head, and the elbows should be in line with the navel. Place the lower edge of the knees at a distance of one quarter of the figure from the point of the feet, and draw the shoulders at a distance of one sixth from the point of the top of the head.
Place your belly button below waist level on your figure and place your elbows just above your belly button. All these points make the female figure distinguishable from. Try the woman's figure from different angles - front, back and side. This will allow you to get the most adequate idea of proportions and their combinations.
Sources:
- Human head proportions
Drawing a female body requires special attention and proportions. It is not enough to draw beautifully, it is important to do it correctly. However, no matter how difficult this process may seem, it is quite possible to learn, just follow the instructions and gain some experience.
You will need
- Pencil, paper, model
Instructions
With the body, maintain proportionality. As a result, its shape should resemble an hourglass. Give your shoulders and hips a rounded look and your waist an elegant edge. Make all lines smooth and natural. Perform the convex bend of the body up to the breast line and the concave bend in the area diagonally. When drawing the hips, make the inside flatter than the outside.
Display shoulders with a smooth slope. Make the lines of the arms soft and prominent, trying to accurately depict the structure of the muscles. Change the thickness of your hand along its entire length. Narrow it down and then expand it again.
Upper part Draw the legs as thick and rounded, narrowing closer to the knee. Make the muscles on the shins and calves protruding.
note
Avoid flatness of the image, its averageness. Pay special attention to the structural appearance of the elbows and knees.
To simplify the process of drawing arms and legs, first make a skeletal diagram of them from ovals, and then outline its outline, detailing all the bends and dimples. To create a diagram, use ovals rather than cylinders. This will help convey it more clearly and correctly real form thighs, shins, forearms. Convey muscle relief using light and shade.
Sources:
- Artist recommendations in 2019
To draw the feminine believably body, you need to maintain proportions and be very careful. After all, you need to draw not just beautifully, but also correctly. And yet, no matter how difficult this process may seem, learning to draw the feminine body quite possible. The main thing is to follow the instructions and practice a little beforehand.
You will need
- - a simple pencil;
- - a sheet of A4 paper;
- - eraser.
Instructions
When depicting the body, try to maintain proportionality. Schematically, it should resemble an hourglass in its shape. Give roundness to the shoulders and hips, and elegant sophistication to the waist. Try to make all lines smooth, soft and natural. Perform the concave bend of the body in the abdominal area and the convex bend to the chest line diagonally. When depicting the hips, make their inner part flatter than the outer part.
The shoulders should be displayed with a smooth slope, and the lines of the arms should be soft and prominent. Try to depict the muscle structure as accurately as possible, but just don’t overdo it. Still draw it body, but not . Vary the thickness of each arm throughout. Slightly narrow it towards the elbow, then widen it again and narrow it again towards the hand.
note
Avoid averageness and flatness of the image; on the contrary, try to make it three-dimensional, three-dimensional. Pay special attention to the structural appearance of the knees and elbows.
Helpful advice
To simplify the process of drawing limbs, first draw them schematically, from ovals, then outline the contours, detail all the bends and muscles, and only then remove extra lines using an eraser. And the relief of the muscles can be highlighted using chiaroscuro and shading.
A person is one of the most interesting objects to draw, so a novice artist definitely needs to learn how to depict him. You should start by studying standard proportions. Using this knowledge, you will be able to believably portray any person, regardless of the characteristics of his figure and face.
Instructions
Explore theoretical basis question. There are standard proportions of the human body, which vary depending on the specific figure person. To construct a standard human body, draw a vertical axis. Divide it into 8 equal segments. On the first segment from above, draw the head, outline it as an oval, and then expand the upper half of the skull.
Measure 4 more segments down - the groin area is located at this level person. If you go a third of the way up, you will find the fingertip level. Consider the fact that even in a relaxed state, the human hand is slightly bent.
From the bottom point of the vertical axis, rise two segments and mark the location of the knees. Having determined proportional ratio all parts of the body, you can more clearly work out their shape.
To learn to draw figure in different poses, try modifying the sketch consisting of only lines. Bend and straighten body parts while maintaining their original size.
When drawing bent parts of the body, you need to take into account the peculiarities of the work of various muscles. A minimal knowledge of anatomy will be useful to you if you want to draw people perfectly correctly.
After the outlines of the figure are constructed, you will need to give the object volume. To do this, it is worth taking into account the peculiarities of light distribution on surfaces of different shapes and textures. You also need to study the characteristics of the material you are working with. For example, to achieve a natural skin tone in a drawing, watercolors, pastels and oils must be mixed and applied differently.
The perception of the drawing will be influenced not only by how the body is drawn, but also by the image of the clothing. Carefully design all draperies, taking into account the shape of the body under the fabric and the softness or hardness of the fabric itself - then the image will be realistic.
IN colloquial speech Shoulder usually means the distance from the neck to the shoulder joint. However, more exact value The term refers to the section of the arm from this joint to the elbow. It is surrounded by a lot of muscles. If you want to learn how to draw a person realistically, study and sketch this part of the body.
You will need
- - paper;
- - pencil;
- - eraser;
- - watercolor;
- - palette;
- - brushes.
Instructions
Draw the axes on which the drawing will be built. Using segments you can roughly depict the bones of the hand, around which you need to draw a shape. Using sighting, measure the proportional relationship of all parts of the arm and torso, record the results in the drawing.
Approximately outline the outline of the left hand. The thickness of the arm at the base of the shoulder is half the length of the humerus. Towards the elbow, the arm gradually narrows.
Divide the length of your arm to the elbow in half. The upper half is occupied by the deltoid muscle. It is clearly visible in the photograph. Draw its shape, reminiscent of a triangle. Make the upper part of the muscle more convex - it should protrude beyond the shoulder joint and, as it were, cover it.
Step back from the top of the triangle by about a quarter of its length. The biceps brachii muscle overlaps here. Since it is not tense, the hand in this place has a smooth, rounded shape. The muscle on the underside of the arm looks the same. Draw it a little more convex at the base.
To convey the volume of an object, shade it or fill it with paint. Softer outlines and smoother color transitions will be obtained if you choose watercolor or acrylic. Mix shades of sepia, red, yellow, brick in the palette in such proportions to create the skin color. Take a few servings mixed colors of different saturation. Paint the lightest areas first - near the elbow and along the left side of the deltoid muscle.
This method is by no means the best, much less the fastest, but from the point of view of most artists it is correct. He slowly but surely helps you draw a person with a pencil step by step.
At the end of the article you can watch the video About,
This method of drawing is aimed at stimulating the imagination and forming an idea of the human body in three-dimensional space; it is well suited for beginners and for people who are diligent and patient.
Almost all beginning draftsmen begin drawing a human figure from the head, thereby making a serious mistake. And they are quite surprised when, as a result, it turns out that there is absolutely no room left on the paper for the feet - this method will save you from such an unpleasant situation.
Let's consider perfect proportions human body:
So head fits in tall people along the length of the body 8 times, in people of average height – 7.5 times, in people of short stature - 6-7 times.
Head fits 2.5 times the length of the body, in leg length – 3-4 times.
Stretched along the body hand should concern mid thigh.
Shoulder width in an adult male it is usually equal two head lengths and more than hip width.
Thigh length corresponds length of the lower leg with the foot, A lower leg - two foot lengths.
The female figure, unlike the male figure, has a lower average height and shorter limbs.
Hip Width women usually have more shoulder width.
A woman's head is relatively and absolutely smaller than a man's.
Schematic representation of a person:
Every child knows the song from the cartoon "Octopussy": "Stick, stick, cucumber, it turned out to be a little man..."
And don't underestimate this phrase.
Schematic men display a very important characteristic - the proportions of body parts. And in order to avoid logical discord in our stick-shaped men, it is necessary to comply with the so-called “artistic canon”.
Now let's take a closer look at our sketchy people:
Sketchy Man No. 1
Everyone has drawn such a man at least once in their life.
This is the so-called basic man.
But there's not much you can do about it.
Just practice maintaining the proportions of the head, torso, arms and legs.
Schematic Man No. 2
Here the proportions of the forearm, thigh, lower leg and foot are additionally outlined.
Schematic man No. 3
The perfect stick man!
I'm sure you've hardly seen any child draw a little man exactly like that.
The shoulders and pelvis of this figure already have a certain width.
Exercise:
In order to understand how accurately you observe proportions in your works, draw a few schematic people.
Thus, simply and quickly, without being distracted by details (clothes, hair, etc.), you can assess how well you know the proportions of the human body.
In addition, you can immediately determine whether the figure will fit on the sheet.
I think now you understand how important it is to master proportions. And what an important role the sketchy men play in the future picture.
Human Pose:
It's time to revive and make our hero do something. So, before you start working on a character, with the help of schematic drawings you can try out many poses and choose one.
Below are some examples of the stick figures in action.
The picture shows a man walking.
Notice the movement of the hip joints. Typically, the shoulders move in the opposite direction.
A person lies on his side with support on one arm. Thus, the chest “hangs” on the shoulder and the spine, bending, draws a curved line.
In order to draw the human body, you need to know the features of its structure.
The skeleton is the basis
head
rib cage
spine
pelvis
joints
hands
brushes
legs
feet
Notice the curve of the spine
(to make it easier to see, we won’t draw the hand).
The skeleton can be drawn in a simplified form:
Having an idea about the structural features of the skeleton, moving on to muscle and/or fat
, if we get lucky…).
We will use all sorts of shapes to display body parts: cylinders, ellipses, etc.
Now you can clearly evaluate
The whole process from sketching (creating a schematic man) to three-dimensional drawing based on a schematic drawing:
Also this method will help you work with details. For example, in drawing the hands and feet:
That's all!
main idea this lesson - important for drawing the right basis.
And to achieve this goal, it is necessary to discard everything unnecessary and present it in schematic form.
And the sketchy people will help you with this!
The main advantage of this method is that you can easily and quickly try on many poses for your character.
Choose the most suitable pose and decide on the composition at the first stage.
This article is suitable for those who want to learn how to draw a person in full height or even how to draw with a pencil step by step
Thank you for your attention.
We have already talked about the portrait, now we will talk about a full-fledged, so to speak, person ( to his full mighty height). I think each of us had a problem when everything seemed cool and we managed to draw the body well at first, but it bam!– and it didn’t fit on the sheet. It's a real disaster.
So, I’ll tell you a secret and only to you that the system according to which gets rid of such a thing. That is, thanks to it, we will be able to put everything that we want to put on a piece of paper - even the tiniest one.
The essence of the system we mentioned comes from schematic drawings of a person. Each of us started from exactly this - and when I say “ started“, I mean, I started drawing in the literal sense. Little children draw people very primitively, but mostly correctly.
Let's remember something like: " Stick, stick, cucumber - it turned out to be a little man". Remember what happens if you follow this? That's right, a schematic drawing. Such a little man first of all will teach us to see proportions and depict them correctly.
Agree, if in the picture a person has one arm lower than the other, or the nose is too big, then it looks, frankly, not aesthetically pleasing ( it’s another matter if such proportions are in life...). In general, I think you have appreciated and realized the importance of little people, now let’s look at each of them separately. Yes, yes, each of them is somewhat different from the previous one.
Schematic drawing of the body
Man number one. No, I don’t like calling our faithful assistant that way... Let’s call him, well, let’s say, Stu. Start over.
1. So, Stu number one. He has four limbs plus head and torso (no details). He doesn’t give us very much - except perhaps the opportunity to get better (no, not about his face) in maintaining body proportions.
2. Now Stu II. Here there is more nobility, in other words, there are more details. This Stu can show us not only the proportions of the main outlines, but also the proportions shoulders, forearms, shins and... thighs.
3. And finally, Stu number three (it looks like this is already the grandson of the first Stu). Having undergone a uniform evolution, he turned into a perfectly built ( well, according to proportions) a schematic man. Bravo to him! He can proudly show us and shoulders, and the presence of a pelvis.
Not everyone reaches this level of depicting the simplest schematic Stu, ugh, little people. And not because it is extremely difficult, it’s just that this goal is not particularly set. 
So, sir, we’ve finished explaining things to the “proportional” little people for now - let's move on to practice. Remember your childhood and make people laugh. BUT! Don't forget to maintain basic proportions. This is where the task will lie: analyze how well and accurately you succeed convey proportions.
After completing the task, we move on to the little men in motion. It is with their help that we will be able to distribute a full-fledged person in the future so that he fits entirely on the sheet. Let's give a few examples.
Drawings of the body in motion
This Stu is throwing a spear (or trying to shoot down a pesky crop-stealing crow)
This one is dancing at a disco (or, alternatively, he was electrocuted)
Here's Stu the Runner (probably shouldn't have teased the neighbor's pit bull). Have you noticed that he already has hangers? This is all due to the fact that we depict our Stu not from the forehead, but from the side.
Here you have Stu the Fighter - probably a gladiator. Again, a feature: the hand that holds the sword looks shorter, plus a turn of the whole body - this is exactly what a person looking back looks like (for example, the one who found himself in the situation of Stu the Runner).
Here's a desperately sad Stu. Well, or Stu, looking for yesterday... Something like that.
But you can appreciate Stu posing as a noble lord. The shoulders and hips are slightly turned out.
But this Stu suddenly decided to help the site administrator with yoga and therefore came up with a new position. Poor guy, he's probably very uncomfortable.
Upon completion of the movement work with the little men, we move on to the next level, called the balance man. One of the most important details while driving is the center of gravity. And since our legs weigh half of our entire body, the center of gravity (following the laws of mathematics) will be located somewhere in the center - in the lower abdomen.
So, let's begin to consider the movement of no less Stu's crazy friend by name, well, let it be Dean.
Red circles– the center of gravity itself
Little red arrow– direction of gravity (gravity)
Green arrow– fulcrum point.
All clear? Let's get started.
Drawing the body with balance in mind
There you are Dean first (stomping into the bar to pick up girls). He is in balance not because he has not yet reached the bar, but, my dears, because the center of gravity is reliably kept between two points of support (legs)
And here's to you Dean, returning from the bar (obviously today is not his day, and he didn’t come across any decent girls). You can see the center of gravity has moved away from the supports - as a result, unfortunate Dean risks finding himself on the cold ground.
Ok, sir, in the next picture is our schematic Dean took up yoga (or his leg just itches, that’s an option). In any case, no matter what he does, right now he is balancing - and this is only possible with more or less relative symmetry of the body.
Here Dean is also trying to stay on one leg., but his center of gravity, as well as his body, leaned to the right.
Well, here it is Dean trying to keep up with a suspicious guy (or vice versa - running away from the police). According to the picture, the center of gravity hangs forward and because of this, our Dean is constantly pulled down, but he does not fall, because he runs - he puts his legs (support points) forward one by one.
Dean thinking, waiting for someone, or simply Dean leaning on the wall. We can see that, again, his center of gravity is between two points of support - his leg below, his shoulder above.
This Dean impersonating Bruce Lee (very good, by the way). The center of gravity moves to the right from the support and, accordingly, the body will move to the right.
In any case, neither ours Dean, neither Stu, nor any fictional hero you have is required to be in balance - on the contrary, when a person is in motion, it is good. This shows the dynamism of the character.
Now let's talk about body flexibility. Take a look at the schematic representation of our friends' girlfriends (there must be at least one girl in our schematic world, right?) by name . Here she just goes (slightly resembles Dean's walk, no?).
Take a closer look at how your hip joints and shoulders move—have you noticed that your shoulders move in the opposite direction from your pelvis? In the bottom picture, Charlie is lying on her side, supported by her elbow, and her ribcage appears to be hanging over the corresponding shoulder. By the way, our spine is flexible, which means it can be in different positions.
Now let's remember the lessons of anatomy, let's remember the structure of the skeleton - the foundation, so to speak, of our body.
Front view:
- head ( black color )
- rib cage ( blue )
- spine ( blue )
- pelvis ( blue )
- joints ( redcolor )
- hands ( green )
- brushes ( green )
- legs ( green )
- feet ( green )
Take a closer look at how the spine is curved in the following profile images and evaluate side view:
What? Does it really look scary? Come on - I have a backup option: it is by this that it is easier to understand the structure of our body ( well, as for draftsmen):
Let's get started muscles, muscles, “sausages” and cellulite (who has that...). To do this, let’s mentally remember what all sorts of things look like ellipses, cylinders, squares and cubes, these are the ones we will use to begin with, when we select the most suitable mold for the specific part of the body we need.
So, here are examples for you - from schematic sketches to volumetric drawings, naturally based on schematic ones. We highlight with red lines all the connections we need.
Remember that each person is individual, and this is expressed in everything, including body proportions. It happens that it is much easier to draw a whole person, but sometimes you have to start from the chest. However, this is all at your discretion and abilities.