It was not by chance that I chose the topic of internal conflict between feeling and reason. Feeling and reason are the two most important forces inner world people who very often come into conflict with each other. There are situations when feelings oppose reason. What happens in such a situation? Undoubtedly, this is very painful, alarming and extremely unpleasant, as a person rushes about, suffers, and loses ground under his feet. His mind says one thing, but his feelings raise a real riot and deprive him of peace and harmony. As a result, it begins internal struggle, which often ends very tragically.
Like internal conflict described in the work of I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”. Evgeny Bazarov, the main character, shared the theory of “nihilism” and denied literally everything: poetry, music, art and even love. But the meeting with Anna Sergeevna Odintsova, a beautiful, intelligent, woman unlike others, became a decisive event in his life, after which his internal conflict began. Unexpectedly, he felt a “romantic” in himself, capable of deeply feeling, worrying and hoping for reciprocity. His nihilistic views failed: it turns out that there is love, there is beauty, there is art. The strong feelings that gripped him begin to fight against rationalistic theory, and life becomes unbearable. The hero cannot continue scientific experiments or engage in medical practice - everything falls out of hand. Yes, when such a discord occurs between feeling and reason, life sometimes becomes impossible, since the harmony that is necessary for happiness is disrupted, and the internal conflict becomes external: family and friendly ties are disrupted.
One can also recall the work of F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”, which analyzes the rebellion of the main character’s feelings. Rodion Raskolnikov nurtured the “Napoleonic” idea of a strong personality who has the right to break the law and even kill a person. Having tested this rationalistic theory in practice, having killed the old pawnbroker, the hero experiences torment of conscience, the impossibility of communicating with family and friends, and practically becomes morally and physically ill. This painful condition arose due to the internal conflict of human feelings and fictitious theories.
So, we analyzed situations where feelings oppose reason, and came to the conclusion that it is sometimes detrimental to a person. But, on the other hand, it is also a signal that one must listen to feelings, since far-fetched theories can destroy both the person himself and cause irreparable harm, unbearable pain to the people around him.
But what to do with fears and hopes, where to put the feeling of guilt and where to get gratitude when your soul is tired and angry? When our head tells us that we are wrong, our feelings do not always subside; often this gives rise to the next wave of internal indignation.
Another thing is that it happens that feelings are so well educated that they can be trusted with a lot: they work almost independently, wisely resolving all issues practically without involving reason. In a good organization, the manager does not solve operational problems; everything is done by trained employees. In a well-built soul, the mind does not need to strain for every question; the feelings themselves suggest the best solutions.
It is very important that feelings provide subtle information about your own state or the state of another person,
but it is equally important that feelings remain only a tool, and decisions are made by the head.
All responsible decisions must be checked by reason.
If your own mind is not enough, you should turn to the minds of other worthy people. If your head doesn’t work and there is no one to turn to, then listen to yourself, to your feelings. Feelings can also suggest wise decisions, as long as their quiet promptings are not drowned out by the cries of emotion. However, in a critical situation, emotions can also help out - they have little reason, but there is a lot of strength, and this is sometimes life-saving. If nothing is taken care of at all, people go into automatic response mode, which tends to cause problems.
My son has a test
My son has a test today, but in the morning he says that he has a headache and seems to be getting sick. Reality - he understands that he was poorly prepared for the test, is in an internal panic and does not want to go to school (The head works weakly: fear and the desire to shed responsibility are stronger).
- The sister snorts at this and says that he is a fool (the sister guesses about his condition, but does not plan to sympathize, and does not want to think about his problems. Perhaps she is taking revenge for something).
- Dad demands that he immediately go to school (Dad feels the child’s condition, but considers it important that his son not be fooled by his fears and take responsibility for his life. Male approach: “Not prepared for the test - your problem”).
- The mother feels her son’s panic and, after thinking, suggests a solution to leave the child at home, but for him to sit and do his homework. (Mom’s feelings and head work, but the mentality is more feminine, determined by the value of “sorry and help”)
- The grandmother does not feel the child’s condition, but out of habit she imagined the worst, is led by her feelings and wants to put the child to bed (Everyone is determined by feelings, namely fears typical for older women. The head is not included...).
Your decision?
Who sets the boundaries?
Situation once. The family decided to buy a car and determined the amount they could afford. The husband went to the car dealership, the seller played on his feelings... The car was purchased on credit for an amount twice as high as previously planned. The results are deplorable. Question: can this man be called an adult?
Situation two. A girl goes on vacation to the seaside, packs her suitcase. She thought in advance and decided that she didn’t need more than five types of dresses, blouses, skirts and trousers for a week-long vacation, but then she went into her wardrobe... There are so many different things there! Moreover, these trousers need just such a blouse, and this skirt needs this... The girl sat down at the table, took a piece of paper and spent about three hours looking for optimal combinations of colors and styles. Combinatorics was not easy, but the girl was smart and persistent. In total, based on her calculations, now she needs to stuff eighteen dresses, twelve skirts and fourteen blouses into her suitcase... Question: does this girl’s feelings operate within the framework determined by her head, or does her smart head serve what suddenly sparked her girl’s feelings? ?
Direction "Reason and Feelings"
Example of an essay on the topic: “Should reason prevail over feelings”?
Should reason prevail over feelings? In my opinion, there is no clear answer to this question. In some situations you should listen to the voice of reason, while in other situations, on the contrary, you need to act in accordance with your feelings. Let's look at a few examples.
So, if a person is possessed by negative feelings, he should curb them and listen to the arguments of reason. For example, A. Mass “Difficult Exam” talks about a girl named Anya Gorchakova, who managed to pass a difficult test. The heroine dreamed of becoming an actress, she wanted her parents to come to the play in children's camp, appreciated her game. She tried very hard, but she was disappointed: her parents never arrived on the appointed day. Overwhelmed by a feeling of despair, she decided not to go on stage. The teacher’s reasonable arguments helped her cope with her feelings. Anya realized that she should not let her comrades down, she needed to learn to control herself and complete her task, no matter what. And so it happened, she played better than anyone. The writer wants to teach us a lesson: no matter how strong negative feelings are, we must be able to cope with them, listen to the mind, which tells us the right decision.
However, the mind does not always give the right advice. Sometimes it happens that actions dictated by rational arguments lead to negative consequences. Let us turn to A. Likhanov’s story “Labyrinth”. The father of the main character Tolik was passionate about his work. He enjoyed designing machine parts. When he talked about this, his eyes sparkled. But at the same time, he earned little, but he could have moved to the workshop and received more high salary, which his mother-in-law constantly reminded him of. It would seem that this is a more reasonable decision, because the hero has a family, he has a son, and he should not depend on the pension of an elderly woman - his mother-in-law. In the end, yielding to family pressure, the hero sacrificed his feelings to reason: he abandoned his favorite activity in favor of earning money. What did this lead to? Tolik’s father felt deeply unhappy: “His eyes are sore and they seem to be calling. They call for help as if the person is scared, as if he is mortally wounded.” If before he was possessed by a bright feeling of joy, now he was possessed by dull melancholy. This was not the life he dreamed of. The writer shows that decisions that are reasonable at first glance are not always correct; sometimes, by listening to the voice of reason, we doom ourselves to moral suffering.
Thus, we can conclude: when deciding whether to act in accordance with reason or feelings, a person must take into account the characteristics of a particular situation.
(375 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “Should a person live in obedience to his feelings?”
Should a person live according to his feelings? In my opinion, there is no clear answer to this question. In some situations you should listen to the voice of your heart, and in other situations, on the contrary, you should not give in to your feelings, you need to listen to the arguments of your mind. Let's look at a few examples.
Thus, V. Rasputin’s story “French Lessons” talks about the teacher Lydia Mikhailovna, who could not remain indifferent to the plight of her student. The boy was starving and, in order to get money for a glass of milk, he played gambling. Lydia Mikhailovna tried to invite him to the table and even sent him a parcel of food, but the hero rejected her help. Then she decided to take extreme measures: she herself began to play with him for money. Of course, the voice of reason could not help but tell her that she was violating the ethical standards of relations between a teacher and a student, that she was overstepping the boundaries of what was permitted, that she would be fired for this. But a feeling of compassion prevailed, and Lidia Mikhailovna violated the generally accepted rules of teacher behavior in order to help the child. The writer wants to convey to us the idea that “good feelings” are more important than reasonable standards.
However, sometimes it happens that a person is possessed by negative feelings: anger, resentment. Captivated by them, he commits bad deeds, although, of course, he knows with his mind that he is doing evil. The consequences can be tragic. The story “The Trap” by A. Mass describes the action of a girl named Valentina. The heroine dislikes her brother’s wife, Rita. This feeling is so strong that Valentina decides to set a trap for her daughter-in-law: dig a hole and disguise it so that Rita, when she steps, will fall. The girl cannot help but understand that she is committing a bad act, but her feelings take precedence over reason. She carries out her plan, and Rita falls into the prepared trap. Only suddenly it turns out that she was five months pregnant and could lose the baby as a result of a fall. Valentina is horrified by what she has done. She didn't want to kill anyone, especially a child! “How can I continue to live?” - she asks and finds no answer. The author leads us to the idea that we should not give in to power negative feelings, because they provoke cruel acts, which will later be bitterly regretted.
Thus, we can come to the conclusion: you can obey your feelings if they are good and bright; negative ones should be curbed by listening to the voice of reason.
(344 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “The dispute between reason and feelings...”
The dispute between reason and feeling... This confrontation has been eternal. Sometimes the voice of reason is stronger in us, and sometimes we follow the dictates of feeling. In some situations there is no right choice. By listening to feelings, a person will sin against moral standards; listening to reason, he will suffer. There may not be a path that will lead to a successful resolution of the situation.
So, in A.S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” the author talks about the fate of Tatyana. In her youth, having fallen in love with Onegin, she, unfortunately, does not find reciprocity. Tatyana carries her love through the years, and finally Onegin is at her feet, he is passionately in love with her. It would seem that this is what she dreamed about. But Tatyana is married, she is aware of her duty as a wife, and cannot tarnish her honor and the honor of her husband. Reason takes precedence over her feelings, and she refuses Onegin. The heroine puts above love moral duty, marital fidelity, however, dooms both oneself and the beloved to suffering. Could the heroes have found happiness if she had made a different decision? Hardly. A Russian proverb says: “You can’t build your own happiness on misfortune.” The tragedy of the heroine’s fate is that the choice between reason and feeling in her situation is a choice without a choice; any decision will only lead to suffering.
Let us turn to the work of N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba”. The writer shows what choice one of the heroes, Andriy, faced. On the one hand, he is possessed by a feeling of love for a beautiful Polish woman, on the other hand, he is a Cossack, one of those who besieged the city. The beloved understands that she and Andriy cannot be together: “And I know what your duty and covenant are: your name is father, comrades, homeland, and we are your enemies.” But Andriy’s feelings prevail over all arguments of reason. He chooses love, in the name of it he is ready to betray his homeland and family: “What are my father, comrades and homeland to me!.. The homeland is what our soul is looking for, what is dearer to it than anything else. My fatherland is you!.. And I will sell, give away, and destroy everything that I have for such a fatherland!” The writer shows that a wonderful feeling of love can push a person to do terrible things: we see that Andriy turns weapons against his former comrades, together with the Poles he fights against the Cossacks, among whom are his brother and father. On the other hand, could he leave his beloved to die of hunger in a besieged city, perhaps becoming a victim of the cruelty of the Cossacks if it was captured? We see that in this situation it is hardly possible right choice, any path leads to tragic consequences.
Summarizing what has been said, we can conclude that, reflecting on the dispute between reason and feeling, it is impossible to say unequivocally what should win.
(399 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “One can be a great person thanks to his feelings - not only his mind.” (Theodore Dreiser)
“One can be a great person thanks to one’s feelings – not just one’s mind,” asserted Theodore Dreiser. Indeed, not only a scientist or a general can be called great. The greatness of a person can be found in bright thoughts and the desire to do good. Feelings such as mercy and compassion can move us to noble deeds. By listening to the voice of feelings, a person helps those around him, makes the world a better place and becomes cleaner himself. I will try to confirm my idea with literary examples.
In B. Ekimov’s story “Night of Healing,” the author tells the story of a boy Borka, who comes to visit his grandmother on vacation. The old woman often has wartime nightmares in her dreams, and this makes her scream at night. The mother gives the hero reasonable advice: “She will just start talking in the evening, and you shout: “Be silent!” She stops. We tried." Borka is about to do just that, but the unexpected happens: “the boy’s heart was filled with pity and pain” as soon as he heard his grandmother’s groans. He can no longer follow reasonable advice; he is dominated by a feeling of compassion. Borka calms her grandmother down until she falls asleep peacefully. He is ready to do this every night so that healing can come to her. The author wants to convey to us the idea of the need to listen to the voice of the heart, to act in accordance with good feelings.
A. Aleksin talks about this in his story “Meanwhile, somewhere...” Main character Sergei Emelyanov, having accidentally read a letter addressed to his father, learns about the existence of ex-wife. A woman asks for help. It would seem that Sergei has nothing to do in her house, and his mind tells him to simply return her letter to her and leave. But sympathy for the grief of this woman, once abandoned by her husband and now by her adopted son, forces him to neglect the arguments of reason. Seryozha decides to constantly visit Nina Georgievna, help her in everything, save her from the worst misfortune - loneliness. And when his father invites him to go to the sea on vacation, the hero refuses. Yes, of course, a trip to the sea promises to be exciting. Yes, you can write to Nina Georgievna and convince her that she should go to the camp with the guys, where she will feel good. Yes, you can promise to come see her during the winter holidays. But a sense of compassion and responsibility takes precedence in him over these considerations. After all, he promised Nina Georgievna to be next to her and cannot become her new loss. Sergei is going to return his ticket to the sea. The author shows that sometimes actions dictated by a sense of mercy can help a person.
Thus, we come to the conclusion: a big heart, just like a big mind, can lead a person to true greatness. Good deeds and pure thoughts testify to the greatness of the soul.
(390 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “Our mind sometimes brings us no less grief than our passions.” (Chamfort)
“Our reason sometimes brings us no less grief than our passions,” argued Chamfort. And indeed, grief from the mind happens. When making a decision that seems reasonable at first glance, a person can make a mistake. This happens when the mind and heart are not in harmony, when all his feelings protest against the chosen path, when, having acted in accordance with the arguments of reason, he feels unhappy.
Let's turn to literary examples. A. Aleksin in the story “Meanwhile, somewhere...” talks about a boy named Sergei Emelyanov. The main character accidentally learns about the existence of his father's ex-wife and about her trouble. Once her husband left her, and this was a heavy blow for the woman. But now a much more terrible test awaits her. The adopted son decided to leave her. He found his biological parents and chose them. Shurik doesn’t even want to say goodbye to Nina Georgievna, although she raised him since childhood. When he leaves, he takes all his things. He is guided by seemingly reasonable considerations: he does not want to upset his adoptive mother by saying goodbye, he believes that his things will only remind her of her grief. He realizes that it is difficult for her, but he considers it reasonable to live with her newly acquired parents. Aleksin emphasizes that with his actions, so deliberate and balanced, Shurik deals a cruel blow to the woman who loves him selflessly, causing her unspeakable pain. The writer brings us to the idea that sometimes reasonable actions can become the cause of grief.
A completely different situation is described in A. Likhanov’s story “Labyrinth”. The father of the main character Tolik is passionate about his work. He enjoys designing machine parts. When he talks about this, his eyes sparkle. But at the same time, he earns little, but he can move to the workshop and receive a higher salary, which his mother-in-law constantly reminds him of. It would seem that this is a more reasonable decision, because the hero has a family, he has a son, and he should not depend on the pension of an elderly woman - his mother-in-law. In the end, yielding to family pressure, the hero sacrifices his feelings to reason: he gives up his favorite job in favor of earning money. What does this lead to? Tolik’s father feels deeply unhappy: “His eyes are sore and they seem to be calling. They call for help as if the person is scared, as if he is mortally wounded.” If before he was possessed by a bright feeling of joy, now he was possessed by dull melancholy. This is not the life he dreams of. The writer shows that decisions that are reasonable at first glance are not always correct; sometimes, by listening to the voice of reason, we doom ourselves to moral suffering.
Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that a person, following the advice of reason, will not forget about the voice of feelings.
(398 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “What rules the world – reason or feeling?”
What rules the world – reason or feeling? At first glance, it seems that reason dominates. He invents, plans, controls. However, man is not only a rational being, but also endowed with feelings. He hates and loves, rejoices and suffers. And it is feelings that allow him to feel happy or unhappy. Moreover, it is his feelings that force him to create, invent, and change the world. Without feelings, the mind would not create its outstanding creations.
Let us remember the novel by J. London “Martin Eden”. The main character studied a lot, became famous writer. But what prompted him to work on himself day and night, to create tirelessly? The answer is simple: it is a feeling of love. Martin's heart was won by a girl from high society, Ruth Morse. To win her favor, to win her heart, Martin tirelessly improves himself, overcomes obstacles, endures poverty and hunger on the way to his calling as a writer. It is love that inspires him, helps him find himself and reach the top. Without this feeling, he would have remained a simple semi-literate sailor and would not have written his outstanding works.
Let's look at another example. V. Kaverin’s novel “Two Captains” describes how the main character Sanya devoted himself to searching for the missing expedition of Captain Tatarinov. He managed to prove that it was Ivan Lvovich who had the honor of discovering the Northern Land. What prompted Sanya to pursue her goal for many years? Cold mind? Not at all. He was motivated by a sense of justice, because for many years it was believed that the captain died through his own fault: he “carelessly handled government property.” In fact, the true culprit was Nikolai Antonovich, because of whom most of the equipment turned out to be unusable. He was in love with the wife of Captain Tatarinov and deliberately doomed him to death. Sanya accidentally found out about this and most of all wanted justice to prevail. It was the sense of justice and love of truth that prompted the hero to tirelessly search and ultimately led to a historical discovery.
To sum up all that has been said, we can conclude: the world is ruled by feelings. To paraphrase Turgenev’s famous phrase, we can say that only by them does life hold on and move. Feelings encourage our minds to create new things and make discoveries.
(309 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “Mind and feelings: harmony or confrontation?” (Chamfort)
Mind and feelings: harmony or confrontation? It seems that there is no clear answer to this question. Of course, it happens that reason and feelings coexist in harmony. Moreover, as long as there is this harmony, we do not ask such questions. It’s like air: while it’s there, we don’t notice it, but if it’s missing... However, there are situations when the mind and feelings come into conflict. Probably every person at least once in his life felt that his “mind and heart were not in harmony.” An internal struggle arises, and it is difficult to imagine what will prevail: the mind or the heart.
So, for example, in A. Aleksin’s story “Meanwhile, somewhere...” we see a confrontation between reason and feelings. The main character Sergei Emelyanov, having accidentally read a letter addressed to his father, learns about the existence of his ex-wife. A woman asks for help. It would seem that Sergei has nothing to do in her house, and his mind tells him to simply return her letter to her and leave. But sympathy for the grief of this woman, once abandoned by her husband and now by her adopted son, forces him to neglect the arguments of reason. Seryozha decides to constantly visit Nina Georgievna, help her in everything, save her from the worst misfortune - loneliness. And when his father invites him to go to the sea on vacation, the hero refuses. Yes, of course, a trip to the sea promises to be exciting. Yes, you can write to Nina Georgievna and convince her that she should go to the camp with the guys, where she will feel good. Yes, you can promise to come see her during the winter holidays. This is all quite reasonable. But a sense of compassion and responsibility takes precedence in him over these considerations. After all, he promised Nina Georgievna to be with her and cannot become her new loss. Sergei is going to return his ticket to the sea. The author shows that the feeling of compassion wins.
Let us turn to the novel by A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”. The author talks about the fate of Tatyana. In her youth, having fallen in love with Onegin, she, unfortunately, does not find reciprocity. Tatyana carries her love through the years, and finally Onegin is at her feet, he is passionately in love with her. It would seem that this is what she dreamed about. But Tatyana is married, she is aware of her duty as a wife, and cannot tarnish her honor and the honor of her husband. Reason takes precedence over her feelings, and she refuses Onegin. The heroine places moral duty and marital fidelity above love.
Summing up what has been said, I would like to add that reason and feelings lie at the basis of our existence. I would like them to balance each other, to allow us to live in harmony with ourselves and with the world around us.
(388 words)
Direction "Honor and Dishonor"
An example of an essay on the topic: “How do you understand the words “honor” and “dishonor”?
Honor and dishonor... Probably many have thought about what these words mean. Honor is self-esteem moral principles which a person is ready to defend in any situation, even at the cost own life. The basis of dishonor is cowardice, weakness of character, which does not allow one to fight for ideals, forcing one to commit vile acts. Both of these concepts are revealed, as a rule, in a situation of moral choice.
Many writers have addressed the topic of honor and dishonor. Thus, V. Bykov’s story “Sotnikov” talks about two partisans who were captured. One of them, Sotnikov, bravely endures torture, but does not tell his enemies anything. Knowing that he will be executed the next morning, he prepares to face death with dignity. The writer focuses our attention on the hero’s thoughts: “Sotnikov easily and simply, as something elementary and completely logical in his situation, now made the last decision: to take everything upon himself. Tomorrow he will tell the investigator that he went on reconnaissance, had a mission, wounded a policeman in a shootout, that he is the commander of the Red Army and an opponent of fascism, let them shoot him. The rest have nothing to do with it.” It is significant that before his death the partisan thinks not about himself, but about saving others. And although his attempt did not lead to success, he fulfilled his duty to the end. The hero faces death courageously, not for a minute does the thought of begging the enemy for mercy or becoming a traitor occur to him. The author wants to convey to us the idea that honor and dignity are above the fear of death.
Sotnikov’s comrade, Rybak, behaves completely differently. The fear of death took over all his feelings. Sitting in the basement, all he can think about is saving his own life. When the police offered him to become one of them, he was not offended or indignant; on the contrary, he “felt keenly and joyfully - he will live! The opportunity to live has appeared - this is the main thing. Everything else will come later.” Of course, he does not want to become a traitor: “He had no intention of giving them partisan secrets, much less joining the police, although he understood that it would obviously not be easy to evade them.” He hopes that “he will turn out and then he will certainly settle accounts with these bastards...”. An inner voice tells the Fisherman that he has embarked on the path of dishonor. And then Rybak tries to find a compromise with his conscience: “He went to this game to win his life - isn’t this enough for the most, even desperate, game? And there it will be visible, as long as they don’t kill him or torture him during interrogations. If only he could break out of this cage, he wouldn’t allow himself anything bad. Is he an enemy to his own? Faced with a choice, he is not ready to sacrifice his life for the sake of honor.
The writer shows the successive stages of Rybak's moral decline. So he agrees to go over to the side of the enemy and at the same time continues to convince himself that “there is no great guilt behind him.” In his opinion, “he had more opportunities and cheated to survive. But he is not a traitor. In any case, I had no intention of becoming a German servant. He kept waiting to seize an opportune moment - maybe now, or maybe a little later, and only they will see him...”
And so Rybak takes part in Sotnikov’s execution. Bykov emphasizes that Rybak is trying to find an excuse even for this terrible act: “What does he have to do with it? Is this him? He just pulled out this stump. And then on the orders of the police.” And only walking in the ranks of policemen, Rybak finally understands: “There was no longer a road to escape from this formation.” V. Bykov emphasizes that the path of dishonor that Rybak chose is a path to nowhere.
Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that, when faced with a difficult choice, we will not forget about the highest values: honor, duty, courage.
(610 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “In what situations are the concepts of honor and dishonor revealed?”
In what situations are the concepts of honor and dishonor revealed? Reflecting on this question, one cannot help but come to the conclusion: both of these concepts are revealed, as a rule, in a situation of moral choice.
Thus, in wartime, a soldier may face death. He can accept death with dignity, remaining faithful to duty and without tarnishing military honor. At the same time, he can try to save his life by taking the path of betrayal.
Let us turn to V. Bykov’s story “Sotnikov”. We see two partisans captured by the police. One of them, Sotnikov, behaves courageously, withstands cruel torture, but does not tell the enemy anything. He retains his self-esteem and before execution, he accepts death with honor. His comrade, Rybak, is trying to escape at all costs. He despised the honor and duty of the defender of the Fatherland and went over to the side of the enemy, became a policeman and even participated in the execution of Sotnikov, personally knocking out the stand from under his feet. We see what exactly is in front of us mortal danger the true qualities of people are revealed. Honor here is fidelity to duty, and dishonor is synonymous with cowardice and betrayal.
The concepts of honor and dishonor are revealed not only during war. The need to pass a test of moral strength can arise for anyone, even a child. To preserve honor means to try to protect your dignity and pride; to experience dishonor means to endure humiliation and bullying, afraid to fight back.
V. Aksyonov talks about this in his story “Breakfasts in 1943.” The narrator regularly became a victim of stronger classmates, who regularly took away not only his breakfasts, but also any other things they liked: “He took it away from me. He selected everything - everything that was of interest to Him. And not only for me, but for the whole class.” The hero not only felt sorry for what was lost, the constant humiliation and awareness of his own weakness were unbearable. He decided to stand up for himself and resist. And although physically he could not defeat three over-aged hooligans, moral victory was on his side. An attempt to defend not only his breakfast, but also his honor, to overcome his fear became an important milestone in his growing up, the formation of his personality. The writer brings us to the conclusion: we must be able to defend our honor.
Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that in any situation we will remember honor and dignity, will be able to overcome mental weakness, and will not allow ourselves to fall morally.
(363 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “What does it mean to walk the path of honor?”
What does it mean to walk the path of honor? Let's turn to explanatory dictionary: “Honor is the moral qualities of a person worthy of respect and pride.” Walking the path of honor means defending your moral principles, no matter what. The right way may involve the risk of losing something important: work, health, life itself. Following the path of honor, we must overcome fear of other people and difficult circumstances, and sometimes sacrifice a lot in order to defend our honor.
Let's turn to the story by M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man". The main character, Andrei Sokolov, was captured. They were going to shoot him for carelessly spoken words. He could beg for mercy, humiliate himself before his enemies. Perhaps a weak-willed person would have done just that. But the hero is ready to defend the soldier’s honor in the face of death. When commandant Müller offers to drink to the victory of German weapons, he refuses and agrees to drink only to his own death as a release from torment. Sokolov behaves confidently and calmly, refusing a snack, despite the fact that he was hungry. He explains his behavior this way: “I wanted to show them, the damned ones, that although I am perishing from hunger, I am not going to choke on their handouts, that I have my own, Russian dignity and pride, and that they did not turn me into a beast, like no matter how hard they tried." Sokolov’s act aroused respect for him even among his enemy. The German commandant recognized the moral victory of the Soviet soldier and spared his life. The author wants to convey to the reader the idea that even in the face of death one must maintain honor and dignity.
Not only soldiers during war must follow the path of honor. Each of us must be ready to defend our dignity in difficult situations. Almost every class has its own tyrant - a student who keeps everyone else in fear. Physically strong and cruel, he takes pleasure in tormenting the weak. What should someone who constantly faces humiliation do? Tolerate dishonor or stand up for your own dignity? The answer to these questions is given by A. Likhanov in the story “Clean Pebbles”. The writer talks about Mikhaska, a student primary school. He more than once became a victim of Savvatey and his cronies. The bully was on duty every morning at the elementary school and robbed the children, taking away everything he liked. Moreover, he did not miss an opportunity to humiliate his victim: “Sometimes he would grab a textbook or notebook from his bag instead of a bun and throw it into a snowdrift or take it for himself so that, after walking away a few steps, he would throw it under his feet and wipe his felt boots on them.” Savvatey specifically “was on duty at this particular school, because in elementary school they study up to the fourth grade and the children are all small.” Mikhaska more than once experienced what humiliation means: once Savvatey took away from him an album with stamps, which belonged to Mikhaska’s father and therefore was especially dear to him, another time a hooligan set fire to his new jacket. True to his principle of humiliating the victim, Savvatey ran his “dirty, sweaty paw” over his face. The author shows that Mikhaska could not stand the bullying and decided to fight back against a strong and ruthless enemy, before whom the whole school, even the adults, were in awe. The hero grabbed a stone and was ready to hit Savvatea, but unexpectedly he retreated. I retreated because I felt inner strength Mikhaska, his willingness to defend his human dignity to the end. The writer focuses our attention on the fact that it was the determination to defend his honor that helped Mikhaska win a moral victory.
Walking the path of honor means standing up for others. Thus, Pyotr Grinev in A.S. Pushkin’s novel “ Captain's daughter“Fought a duel with Shvabrin, defending the honor of Masha Mironova. Shvabrin, having been rejected, in a conversation with Grinev allowed himself to insult the girl with vile hints. Grinev could not stand this. As a decent man, he went out to fight and was ready to die, but to defend the girl’s honor.
Summing up what has been said, I would like to express the hope that every person will have the courage to choose the path of honor.
(582 words)
Example of an essay on the topic: "Honor more valuable than life"
Situations often arise in life when we are faced with a choice: to act in accordance with moral rules or make a deal with conscience, sacrifice moral principles. It would seem that everyone would have to choose the right path, the path of honor. But it's often not that simple. Especially if the price of the right decision is life. Are we ready to die in the name of honor and duty?
Let us turn to the novel by A.S. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”. The author talks about the capture Belogorsk fortress Pugachev. The officers had to either swear allegiance to Pugachev, recognizing him as sovereign, or end their lives on the gallows. The author shows what choice his heroes made: Pyotr Grinev, just like the commandant of the fortress and Ivan Ignatievich, showed courage, was ready to die, but not to disgrace the honor of his uniform. He found the courage to tell Pugachev to his face that he could not recognize him as sovereign and refused to change his military oath: “No,” I answered firmly. - I am a natural nobleman; I swore allegiance to the Empress: I cannot serve you.” With all sincerity, Grinev told Pugachev that he might begin to fight against him, fulfilling his officer’s duty: “You yourself know, it’s not my will: if they tell me to go against you, I’ll go, there’s nothing to do. You are now the boss yourself; you yourself demand obedience from your own. What will it be like if I refuse to serve when my service is needed? The hero understands that his honesty may cost him his life, but the feeling of longevity and honor prevails in him over fear. The hero's sincerity and courage impressed Pugachev so much that he saved Grinev's life and released him.
Sometimes a person is ready to defend, not even sparing his own life, not only his honor, but also the honor of loved ones and family. You cannot accept an insult without complaint, even if it is inflicted by a person higher on the social ladder. Dignity and honor are above all.
M.Yu. talks about this. Lermontov in “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and swashbuckling merchant Kalashnikov." The guardsman of Tsar Ivan the Terrible took a liking to Alena Dmitrievna, the wife of the merchant Kalashnikov. Knowing that she married woman, Kiribeevich still allowed himself to covet her love. An insulted woman asks her husband for intercession: “Don’t give me, your faithful wife, // to evil blasphemers!” The author emphasizes that the merchant does not doubt for a second what decision he should make. Of course, he understands what the confrontation with the Tsar’s favorite threatens him with, but good name family is more valuable than even life itself: And the soul cannot endure such insult
Yes, the brave heart cannot bear it.
There's going to be a fist fight tomorrow
On the Moscow River under the Tsar himself,
And then I will go out to the guardsman,
I will fight to the death, to the last strength...
And indeed, Kalashnikov comes out to fight against Kiribeevich. For him, this is not a fight for fun, it is a fight for honor and dignity, a battle for life and death:
Don't joke, don't make people laugh
I, son of Basurman, came to you, -
I went out for a terrible battle, for the last battle!
He knows that the truth is on his side, and is ready to die for it:
I will stand for the truth to the last!
Lermontov shows that the merchant defeated Kiribeevich, washing away the insult with blood. However, fate is preparing a new test for him: Ivan the Terrible orders Kalashnikov to be executed for killing his pet. The merchant could have justified himself and told the tsar why he killed the guardsman, but he did not do this. After all, this would mean publicly disgracing the honest name of your wife. He is ready to go to the chopping block, defending the honor of his family, to accept death with dignity. The writer wants to convey to us the idea that there is nothing more important for a person than his dignity, and it must be protected no matter what.
Summing up what has been said, we can conclude: honor is above everything, even life itself.
(545 words)
An example of an essay on the topic: “To deprive another of the honor means to lose your own”
What is dishonor? On the one hand, it is a lack of dignity, weakness of character, cowardice, and inability to overcome fear of circumstances or people. On the other hand, dishonor is brought upon oneself by the outward appearance strong man, if he allows himself to defame others, or even simply mock the weaker, humiliate the defenseless.
Thus, in A.S. Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter,” Shvabrin, having received a refusal from Masha Mironova, in retaliation slanderes her and allows himself offensive hints addressed to her. So, in a conversation with Pyotr Grinev, he claims that you need to win Masha’s favor not with verses, he hints at her availability: “... if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings. My blood began to boil.
- Why do you have such an opinion about her? - I asked, barely containing my indignation.
“And because,” he answered with a hellish grin, “I know her character and customs from experience.”
Shvabrin, without hesitation, is ready to tarnish the girl’s honor just because she did not reciprocate his feelings. The writer leads us to the idea that a person who acts vilely cannot be proud of his unblemished honor.
Another example is A. Likhanov’s story “Clean Pebbles”. A character named Savvatey keeps the entire school in fear. He takes pleasure in humiliating those who are weaker. The bully regularly robs students and mocks them: “Sometimes he would snatch a textbook or notebook from his bag instead of a bun and throw it into a snowdrift or take it for himself so that, after walking away a few steps, he would throw it under his feet and wipe his felt boots on them.” His favorite technique was to run a “dirty, sweaty paw” across the victim’s face. He constantly humiliates even his “sixes”: “Savvatey looked at the guy angrily, took him by the nose and pulled him down hard,” he “stood next to Sashka, leaning on his head.” By encroaching on the honor and dignity of other people, he himself becomes the personification of dishonor.
Summarizing what has been said, we can conclude: a person who humiliates the dignity or discredits the good name of other people deprives himself of honor and condemns himself to contempt from others.
(313 words)
Final essay
By thematic area"Reason and Feeling »
Reason and feeling...What is it? These are the two most important forces, two
components of the inner world of every person. Both of these forces
need each other equally.
The mental organization of a person is very complex. Situations that
happen and happen to us, they are very different.
One of them is when our feelings prevail over reason. For another
The situation is characterized by the predominance of reason over feelings. It also happens
third, when a person achieves harmony, this means that the mind and
feelings have exactly the same influence on a person’s mental organization.
The topic of reason and feeling is interesting to many writers. Reading
works of the world fiction, including
Russian, we come across many such examples that tell us about
manifestation of different situations in the lives of fictional characters
works when an internal conflict occurs: feelings come out
against reason. Literary heroes very often they find themselves facing
a choice between the dictates of feeling and the prompting of reason.
Thus, in the story by Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin “ Poor Lisa"we see
how the nobleman Erast falls in love with the poor peasant girl Lisa. Lisa
Confusion, sadness, crazy joy, anxiety, despair, shock-
These are the feelings that filled the girl’s heart. Erast, weak and
flighty, lost interest in Lisa, he doesn’t think about anything, reckless
Human. Satiety sets in and a desire to get rid of the boring
communications.
The moment of love is beautiful, but long life and reason gives strength to feelings.
Lisa hopes to regain her lost happiness, but it’s all in vain. Deceived in
the best hopes and feelings, she forgets her soul and throws herself into the pond
near the Simonov Monastery. A girl trusts the movements of her heart, and yes
only “tender passions.” For Lisa, the loss of Erast is tantamount to the loss
life. Ardentness and ardor drive her. to death.
Reading the story by N. M. Karamzin, we are convinced that “mind and
feelings are two forces equally in need of each other.”
In the novel by Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy you can find several scenes and
episodes related to this topic.
L. N. Tolstoy’s favorite heroine, Natasha Rostova, met and fell in love
Prince Andrei Bolkonsky. After Prince Andrei left abroad, Natasha
I was very sad for a long time without leaving my room. She's very lonely without
loved one. During these difficult days, Anatole meets in her life
Kuragin. He looked at Natasha “admiringly, affectionately
glance." The girl was recklessly infatuated with Anatole. Natasha's love and
Andreya was put to the test. Without holding back this promise
wait for her beloved, she betrayed him. The young girl is too young and
inexperienced in matters of the heart. But a pure soul tells her that she
doesn't act well. Why did Rostova fall in love with Kuragin? She saw in him
someone close to her. This love story ended very sadly:
Natasha tried to poison herself, but she remains alive.
The girl ardently repents for this before God and asks him to give
to her peace of mind and happiness. L. N. Tolstoy himself considered history
The relationship between Natasha and Anatole is “the most important point of the novel.” Natasha
should be happy because she has enormous power life and love.
What conclusion can be drawn on this topic? Remembering Pages
works of N. M. Karamzin and L. N. Tolstoy, I come to the conclusion that
that in both works we see internal human conflict:
feelings oppose reason. Without deep moral feeling
“a person can have neither love nor honor.” How are they connected?
reason and feeling? I would like to quote the words of the Russian writer M.M.
Prishvina: “There are feelings that replenish and darken the mind, and there are
the mind that cools the movement of the senses."
Many fundamental questions that arise again and again in every generation among the majority of thinking people do not and cannot have a concrete answer, and all reasoning and debate on this matter is nothing more than empty polemics. What is the meaning of life? What is more important: to love or to be loved? What are feelings, God and man on the scale of the universe? Reasoning of this kind also includes the question of in whose hands is the supremacy over the world - in the cold fingers of reason or in the strong and passionate embrace of feelings?
It seems to me that in our world everything is a priori organic, and the mind can have some meaning only in conjunction with feelings - and vice versa. A world in which everything is subject only to reason is utopian, and the complete dominance of human feelings and passions leads to excessive eccentricity, impulsiveness and tragedies, which are described in romantic works. However, if we approach the question posed directly, omitting all sorts of “buts,” then we can come to the conclusion that, of course, in the world of people, vulnerable beings who need support and emotions, it is feelings that take on a managerial role. It is on love, on friendship, on spiritual connection that a person’s true happiness is built, even if he himself actively denies it.
Russian literature presents many contradictory personalities who unsuccessfully deny the need for feelings and emotions in their lives and proclaim reason as the only true category of existence. This, for example, is the hero of the novel M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time". Pechorin made his choice towards a cynical and cold attitude towards people as a child, when faced with misunderstanding and rejection from the people around him. It was after his feelings were rejected that the hero decided that the “salvation” from such emotional experiences would be the complete denial of love, tenderness, care and friendship. Grigory Aleksandrovich chose the only right way out, a defensive reaction mental development: he read books, talked with interesting people, analyzed society and “played” with people’s feelings, thereby compensating for his own lack of emotions, but this still did not help him replace simple human happiness. In pursuit of mental activity the hero completely forgot how to be friends, and the moment when sparks of a warm and tender feeling of love still lit up in his heart, he forcibly suppressed them, forbidding himself to be happy, tried to replace it with travel and beautiful scenery, but eventually lost all desire and desire to live. It turns out that without feelings and emotions, any activity of Pechorin reflected on his fate in black and white colors and did not bring him any satisfaction.
The hero of the novel I.S. found himself in a similar situation. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The difference between Bazarov and Pechorin is that he defended his position in relation to feelings, creativity, faith in a dispute, formed his own philosophy, built on denial and destruction, and even had a follower. Evgeniy worked hard and with some results scientific activities and all yours free time dedicated himself to self-development, but the fanatical desire to destroy everything that is not subject to reason turned against him. The entire nihilistic theory of the hero was shattered by unexpected feelings for a woman, and this love not only cast a shadow of doubt and confusion on all of Eugene’s activities, but also greatly shook him ideological position. It turns out that any, even the most desperate attempts to destroy feelings and emotions in oneself are nothing compared to the seemingly insignificant, but such a strong feeling of love. Probably, the resistance of reason and feelings has always been and will be in our lives - this is the essence of man, a creature that is “amazingly vain, truly incomprehensible and eternally wavering.” But it seems to me that all the beauty lies in this totality, in this confrontation, in this uncertainty. human life, all her excitement and interest.