How long will the day be and how long will it be light, work, don’t be lazy,
Prayers and good deeds prepare for your sunset.
You walk through life as if along a narrow path,
And you only have to walk along it just a little bit.
Soon dark night your eyes will close,
And a deep grave in the ground will hide your body.
Don't be idle, don't stand, don't waste your time,
“And as long as the day lasts,” work in your field.
The time of harvest and fruit will pass,
And holy work will never remain fruitless.

Just give me, my Christ, when that evening comes,
So that my soul does not feel the breath of eternal darkness!
But let there be only the light of joy and love that evening,
And to see the eternal non-evening day.

/Poem by St. John Domvoitis/

"Stay awake!" – this call is addressed to every Orthodox Christian. Stay awake and do your deeds with works of light - the holy Apostles Matthew (26:41), Luke (Acts 20:31) and Paul (1 Cor. 16:13) call us to this.

Our life on this earth is very short, and there is no justification for wasting time. The evil one is constantly doing everything to snatch us away; his task is to lead every believer to destruction. He never gets tired of doing his business. For a Christian, when he is not awake, when he is lazy, such a state is deadly and throws him, without any resistance, into the net of filth, into the net of pernicious darkness.

A man who valued and cherished the time of life, St. John Domvoitis, valued time more than anything else and said that the Lord will judge us for our sinful deeds, since we, as people, are prone to sin. But even more we will give an answer for the fact that we did not value the time in our lives with dignity.

The Evangelist Matthew also calls us to such saving vigilance, saying: “Watch, because you know neither the day nor the hour in which the Son of Man will come” (Matthew 25:13). But what is wakefulness?

B waking up is unceasing prayer, reading the psalter, tears of repentance, reading the Holy Scriptures, raising our mind to Heaven and lowering our gaze to earth, giving alms and devotion to our Orthodox tradition.

B Wellbeing is also about life self-organization, precision and exactingness towards one’s lifestyle, and proper management of one’s daily time.

B Sleeping is abstaining from judging your neighbor, from gossip, from idle words that are a waste of time.

B Sleeping is the use of all your time to communicate with others on topics of a spiritual and moral nature, as well as general reading sacred texts.

B wakefulness is a disposition to pray e. We always need prayer, we need it, it is like air to us, because thanks to prayer we have communication with God, and thanks to it we are under His protection. Prayer protects us from selfishness and selfish self-conviction, as well as from lies, vanity and pride.
In times of sorrow and danger, visible and invisible, our prayer to God becomes even more necessary, because it is an expression of our humility and our trust in Him. Through her we receive the help and mercy of God. And we must not forget that the Lord Almighty becomes our helper and helps us in our difficulties.

B Life is a constant preparation for battle, and this means that we must be ready to confront our enemy, who never sleeps. Every time he different ways attacks us and our Church, he is like a “roaring lion, seeking someone to devour” (1 Peter 5:8). But this unfortunate one does not know that Christ always wins, Christ Triumphant, since he defeated death and He is the “Light of the world” (Matthew 5:14), because He is the Life and Resurrection (John 11:25), He is “ way" and the only Truth (John 14:6).

So, stay awake, do not be idle any longer! Strengthen yourself! So that you are not seduced by the waves of unbelief and indifference. “Be courageous and strong” (1 Cor. 16:13), resist! Evil, which is hidden under the guise of goodness, is daring and cowardly. Therefore, be strong and firm so that you are not overcome by the sorrows of failures and disappointments!

Don't be fooled by the glory of technocracy and scientific achievements. Don't give in to all the charms of our hyper-consumer society. Don't let it depress you great amount fictional means mass media news that comes to us from a malicious environment. Don't let all the fears of this world frighten you.

Our salvation is near us! The Risen Jesus Christ is with us, and with Him we are truly confident that in the end, together with Him, we will emerge victorious. But only with Him, because, unfortunately, we wanted to save the earth on our own, but only destroyed it. We tried to overcome distances with the help of technology, but we were left alone, without family and friends. We created new school without walls of morality and faith. We have completely neglected our upbringing. We passionately declared justice and human rights, but we strengthened our weak-willedness with unfair social trends. We were and are worried about our national rights, but we continue to do nothing, expecting that all this horror will pass on its own.

We have abandoned moral principles and thus created a great inner emptiness. Only in times of poverty and crisis, when our pockets are empty and we have no means of subsistence, do we come to reassess and solve problems. But both then and now, we continue to do nothing!

Let us return from the oblivion in which we find ourselves and remain awake, inclining our hearts to prayer and at the same time recognizing our human weakness. And only in this way can we win this battle.

Hymnographer Charalampos Busyas

A series of conversations for the Senior Watch Museum preschoolers of preschool educational institution. Notes

Alekseeva Elena Leonidovna, teacher of the highest qualification category, teacher additional education, Municipal budget preschool educational institution Kindergarten No. 5 “Alyonushka” in the city of Armyansk, Republic of Crimea

The material is intended for senior and preparatory teachers groups of preschool educational institutions, for teachers primary classes, as well as for parents who develop children independently

Target: the formation of ideas about time and various devices for measuring it.
Tasks:
introduce children to the concepts of “time”, “time orientation”;
expand children's knowledge about watches, their types, purpose;
develop mental capacity children;
enrich children's vocabulary;

cultivate interest in knowledge.

annotation

Dear colleagues and parents!
I present to your attention a series of conversations intended for my Watch Museum, which is under development.
The watch museum in question is an element of a developing subject-spatial environment in preparatory group, where I work as a teacher. The Museum of Clocks will collect different kinds watches, old watches, new watches, watches of bizarre shapes, sizes, some of the exhibits have already been made by hand, and constant replenishment of the collection is planned. After all, that’s what a museum is for – to collect, store and supplement. The opening of the Museum is expected at the beginning of the new academic year.
In conversations collected, adapted for senior preschool and junior school age main information about time and types of clocks. I tried not to load the material with abstruse terms; I structured the course of the conversation according to the principles of accessibility, systematicity, consistency and gradualism.
I would like to immediately protect myself from criticism in the sense that the notes of my conversations are framed as a monologue by a teacher. I did not insert physical education minutes into the text of the conversations. Colleagues, we are creators, so please use this material as the basis for your creativity and limitless unique imagination.
As visual material I used it for conversations various pictures from the Google search engine, which I designed as a separate folder for each conversation. A conversation without a picture (or any other visual aid, mechanism, for example) will not carry sufficient educational meaning.
Thank you for your attention!

Conversation: What is time?

Target: introduce children to the concept of “time”, “time orientation”
Tasks:
expand children's knowledge about time;

develop intellectual skills;
develop the ability to identify the meaning of proverbs and sayings;
enrich children's vocabulary new vocabulary;
develop the ability to listen and understand each other.
Progress of the conversation:
IN explanatory dictionary Ozhegova has 10 descriptions of the word “Time”. What is it? Let’s take the following interpretation from the dictionary: “Time is duration, the duration of something, measured in seconds, minutes, hours.”
Today, every person, every day, every second, deals with time. Time is both past, present and future. Such a surprisingly broad concept. We can say that time is our perception of space. With its help, we can easily talk about events (or something else, for example, about our feelings or intentions) that have happened to us, are happening or will happen. With the help of time we navigate in space. For example, it’s easier to say “Tomorrow at 7 am I need to go to kindergarten” than “When the sun rises and is in the sky at that point (we show), I need to be in kindergarten.” What if we have to talk about what happened two weeks ago? What then? 14 times ago the sun went down and my mother bought me a doll? You can get confused.
We cannot touch, smell, see, hear time. It is abstract (immaterial, non-concrete, blurry).
Besides, time moves. And only forward. Some even say that time flows, flows away, runs away. Time cannot be stopped, it cannot be turned back. There is even a saying: “You can’t turn back time.” It moves from the past to the future. And the moment that is happening now, at this second, is the present. Therefore, people at all times tried to take care of time, valued it, and learned to distribute it correctly. They say: “The hours drag on, the days go by, the months pass, and the years fly by.” Remember how your moms and dads say: “It seems like our Vanya/our Katya was just born, but he’s already sooo big!”
Do you ever feel like time is dragging on like rubber? There are times when you don't want to sleep at nap time! You lie there and think: “Well, when will the teacher wake us up?” We can say that time drags on when you are bored or have nothing to do, when we are waiting for someone, right?! “The day until the evening is boring if there is nothing to do.”
And people also say: “ Happy Hours They’re not watching.” How to understand this? That's right, when we are busy doing what we love, when we go to the zoo with our parents, when we visit our grandmother in the village, time flies by.
It turns out that you and I have had this sense of time since birth. Let me explain: when you were born, you slowly got used to eating at a certain time, washing your face in the morning, swimming in the evenings, and so on. When you went to kindergarten, you got used to a new routine (and a daily routine is nothing more than properly organized or planned time). In the morning, exercise, then breakfast, then classes, then games, and so on. As you get older, you already see in advance what will happen next.
What helps us determine time? Let's list:
1. watch;
2. time of day;
3. days of the week;
4. seasons;
5. months of the year.

So, let's summarize the above. Please answer the following questions:
1. Can we touch time? Why?
2. Does time help us? Why is it even needed?
3. When we were little, did we navigate in time?
4. What is time?
5. Can time crawl? When does this happen?
6. What helps determine time?
7. Why do we often say that time is more valuable than gold?
8. Should we navigate in time?

Conversation: What is a clock?

Target: development of time concepts and acquaintance with the history of watches.
Tasks:
introduce children to the concept of “clock” and the history of its origin;
cultivate curiosity and respect for time;
broaden their horizons and enrich their vocabulary.
Progress of the conversation:
Last time we got to know each other over time. Let's remember what it is? That's right, time is duration, the duration of something, measured in seconds, minutes, hours.
Today we will get acquainted with the clock as such, with the attribute of time. With the object that most helps us navigate space. We cannot imagine our life without watches. They hang on the wall, stand on a shelf, they are on mobile phone in adults, and in their arms too! What it is? A watch is a device for measuring time.
Why do we need a clock? It’s right not to be late, to know when to go to work, to the museum, when your favorite cartoon starts.
How did people live without watches before? How did you navigate in time? So you say that instead of an alarm clock, a rooster woke everyone up, and the day began with its singing. But what to do if there is no rooster? What should I do if I need to go somewhere not in the morning, but at lunchtime? It's worth coming up with something different.
Ancient people navigated in time by the Sun. They observed the world around them. The sun rises - morning, the Sun directly above your head - day, the Sun sets - evening. People even came up with sundials. We will get to know them later. Convenient, of course. But is there always sun in the sky? No. When it's raining, it is difficult to determine what part of the day it is. Remember, on cloudy days we often say: “It feels like it’s evening” (when in fact it’s still morning or afternoon). Besides, ancient man it was difficult to accurately determine time the way it is determined today. It turns out that navigating by the Sun is not very inconvenient either.
People began to think and wonder what to do, how to invent a device for measuring time. And they came up with a water clock and an hourglass. You've already seen sand ones, even some people have them. What is a water clock? Both are considered the oldest human inventions for more accurately determining time. This is really when you can say that time flies! Water was poured into a tall narrow vessel with a hole near the bottom. Special people attached to the clock, at sunrise they filled the vessel with water. When all the water was poured out, they notified the city residents about this with loud shouts and filled the vessel again. They did this several times a day. And the smaller the vessel, the more accurately time could be determined. Ancient people used these inventions for thousands of years. But there will always be an inventor who will come up with something new.
This is how they were invented:
fire clock (candle of a certain size with divisions marked on it). They were made from different materials(made of wax mixed with wood shavings and other burning components), they were covered with tar so that the “clock” would burn for a long time. They appeared in India and China.
oil clock (this is a clay bowl with a wick, filled with oil). This is a liquid watch. People lit the fuse, it burned, and the oil evaporated. There were numbers written on the side of the clay bowl. People looked at what the oil level was, which means so much time.
Neither of them were reliable. After all, they had to be watched so as not to go out. But what if strong wind or rain?
Craftsmen came up with the familiar mechanical watches. It is believed that they were invented in Byzantium. Why mechanical? Yes, because they consisted of countless nuts, bolts, cogs, springs, gears, a pendulum, chains, and so on. At first there was one hand, probably it only showed the hours. Accordingly, there were 24 divisions. They were improved and improved, because the mechanism also had to be monitored, parts had to be lubricated, and sometimes their time had to be checked using a sundial. And centuries later, in every city, a large mechanical clock hung on the main tower or cathedral. People made them both small and large. Mechanical watches have survived to this day.
In addition to mechanical ones, not so long ago (at the beginning of the last century) people invented electric and electronic watches. Physicists who worked with the electromagnetic field worked here. They were very accurate and the most reliable compared to mechanical ones, which could fail due to one broken spring or due to dust getting inside the complex mechanism.
But during the discovery of atomic energy, people invented the most accurate, very reliable clocks - atomic clocks. They run on atomic energy instead of batteries or the electricity of an electronic watch, instead of the mechanism of a mechanical watch. It is believed that atomic energy is inexhaustible. This means that this watch can serve humanity for many millions of years. Of course, we won’t have atomic clocks, because they are very bulky and only scientists monitor them. But mechanical and electronic watches are quite affordable and everyone has them.
So, what new did you learn today?
1. Why did people begin to think about inventing a mechanism for determining time?
2. Which watches are the most reliable?
3. How do water clocks work?
4. Why were people near the water and oil clocks?
5. Why don't any of us have atomic clocks?

Conversation: Sundial

Target: introducing children to sundials, their history, purpose
Tasks:

activate children's vocabulary and fill it with new vocabulary;

cultivate respect for time;

Progress of the conversation:
We have already become acquainted with time and instruments for measuring it. What kind of devices are these? That's right, the clock. Today we will talk to you about sundials: who invented them, when, for what purpose, whether they have survived to this day, whether they are large or small, whether it is convenient to use them to determine the time.
A sundial is an ancient device for measuring time by the sun. They are built on the knowledge of our ancestors about cosmic bodies, in this case about a star solar system. The birthplace of sundials is considered to be Ancient Egypt, where they worshiped various gods, built temples for them, and served them. One of the main ancient Egyptian gods was the sun god - the god Ra. It was believed that he ruled all parts of the world: the firmament, the earth, the underworld. Ra was associated with a falcon or hawk, on whose head there was a bright solar disk. The Egyptians believed that all forms of life were created by his hands, because the Sun is a source of light and heat, without which no living creature can grow and exist. Many bright temples were erected to God Ra, in which his priests served.
One fine day the priests watched how Once again the god Ra "travels in his boat across the sky." They suddenly noticed how the columns of the temple cast a shadow first in one direction, then in the other, smoothly, as if in a circle. The priests came up with the idea of ​​​​creating a sundial, by which they could determine the time when the beloved god Ra sailed on a boat in one or another part of the sky.
Let's see what they came up with: the priests installed a large peg in front of the temple and called it “gnomon”. It was a sacred peg, which was decorated with carved patterns and inscriptions. When the sun (the god Ra) appeared in the sky, the shadow from the gnomon moved along a pre-marked circle (something similar to today’s dial). Evenly applied marks measured equal periods of time. The circle was also decorated with patterns, often with images of the Sun, stars and Moon in different phases. People liked this idea, because it became possible to determine exact time. Sundials began to be installed in public places - in squares, in baths, on the estates of emperors, and so on.
Sundials came in different designs:
Horizontal (located directly on the ground, they can be built on sand, or indeed on any horizontal surface);

Vertical (these clocks, respectively, are located on a vertical surface, and their gnomon seems to stick out to the side. Most often they are installed on the walls of towers, tall buildings and structures).

If you say that such a watch cannot be taken with you. I will answer - guys, you can! Craftsmen immediately reacted and came up with a smaller copy of a sundial - miniature wrist watches. Travelers and monks had special staffs with marks, and by placing them at a certain angle to the Sun, they could tell the time.

But it is worth noting that installing a sundial required certain knowledge of astronomy and geography. For each location, it was necessary to correctly calculate where to place the gnomon and where to place the dial. Without these calculations, sundials would no longer be accurate. This can now be checked using ordinary mechanical or electronic watches to see if the sundial shows the time correctly, but previously people did not have this opportunity.
In addition, the biggest disadvantage of sundials is that they can only work in sunny, clear weather! However, sundials have served people for thousands of years. And people were very pleased with them.
Let's summarize our conversation:
1. Where did the first sundial appear?
2. Who is the god Ra?
3. How did you come up with the idea of ​​creating a sundial?
4. What is a sundial made of?
5. Is it easy to make them yourself?
6. What types of sundials are there?
7. Where was the sundial installed?
8. What are the disadvantages of sundials?

Conversation: Hourglass

Target: introduce children to the hourglass, its history, purpose
Tasks:
develop cognitive activity And logical thinking;

consolidate knowledge about time and clocks;
cultivate respect for time;
develop the ability to analyze, synthesize, compare, generalize;
develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
We continue to get acquainted with the types of watches. Today we will learn what an hourglass is.
An hourglass, like any other clock, is, first of all, a device for measuring time. They consist of two transparent glass vessels connected to each other. One vessel contains fine sand, which is poured into another vessel through the neck, thereby measuring a certain period of time. It can range from a few seconds to several hours.
It depends on the size of the vessels: small vessels - a short period of time, large vessels - a long period of time, since they can hold a lot of sand. In addition, the size of the neck (the narrowest part of the watch) also matters: a wider neck means the sand runs faster from one vessel to another, less time is wasted. A narrower neck means the sand seeps out slowly, so more time is wasted.
It is believed that the first hourglasses appeared in India and China. They quickly spread throughout the world because they were easy to use, reliable, and they could measure time at any moment of the day or night, since they did not depend on sunlight, weather, or wind. But there are also disadvantages - an hourglass only measures a short period of time; it cannot measure a day. Can you imagine what the vessels should be like and how much sand will be needed so that it flows from one vessel to another during the entire 24 hours. In addition, an hourglass ceases to be accurate over time: the grains of sand wear down, turn into dust, and spill out faster.
Sand for the hourglass was made the best masters. After all, the accuracy of time depended on him. Craftsmen took sea or river sand, sifted it using a sieve, making it homogeneous, washed and dried in the sun. Another sand was made from crushed eggshells. This sand had a beautiful creamy hue. Sand was also made from charcoal (a burnt piece of wood), the coal was pounded just like eggshells. What color is the sand? That's right, black.
The craftsmen made vessels, or flasks, from glass. In those days they could already make glass. And glass, as you know, is also made from sand. The inside of the vessels must be perfectly smooth so that the sand does not linger or get stuck.
Nowadays, hourglasses are rarely used. They are mainly placed for decoration. But they can be found, for example, in sanatoriums, when a nurse counts down the time of a procedure. Where have you seen an hourglass?
It's time to summarize what we learned today:
1. What watches did we talk about today?
2. What is an hourglass made of?
3. How was the sand made?
4. Why should the vessels be smooth?
5. What are the advantages of an hourglass?
6. What are their disadvantages?
7. Where can you find an hourglass now?

Conversation: Water clock

Target: introduce children to different types clocks, namely, with water clocks, their history, purpose
Tasks:
develop cognitive activity and logical thinking;
contribute to the activation and expansion vocabulary children;
consolidate knowledge about time and clocks;
cultivate respect for time;

develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
Guys, let's remember what types of watches we already know. Well done! We know what solar is. Remember, we mentioned in passing that there are also water, sand, oil, mechanical, electronic and atomic clocks. Which of them do you think we will talk about today? About the water clock.
The name of this watch speaks for itself. How do they calculate time? That's right, water, liquid. We know that ancient people, like you, are very observant. They did not have all the modern devices that we have now. They relied on their own intuition, some knowledge about nature and its forces, on their experience and were not afraid to make mistakes.
So, someone says that in Egypt, and someone claims that in ancient Babylon One of the temple servants had a leaky clay vessel. The crack was very small, and water began to flow out of it drop by drop. The water dripped slowly. And since the minister had nothing to do that night, he began to observe this process. Finally, morning came and he was called to breakfast. The next night, the servant took the same leaky vessel, filled it with water, placed it on a stool, and placed another vessel on the floor so that the water from the leaky vessel would not flow out onto the floor. And you know what! This man noticed that the water measured a period of time equal to his night service in the temple. This is how the first water clock, a device for measuring time, appeared.
And then the experiments began: the water clock consisted of two vessels described above, and one large bowl with a hole in the bottom, which was suspended, and water flowed out of it drop by drop, also measuring time. And the Chinese actually came up with something - they put the same round bowl with a hole in the bottom in a pool filled with water. A bowl with holes, floating in the pool, filled with water through the hole and sank. Not very practical for measuring time, right?!
But the most interesting and most beloved water clock was the clepsydra.

Clepsydra, translated from ancient Greek, means “water stealer.” The first clepsydra was a simple cylindrical vessel with holes at the bottom and lined with lines indicating the time period. It turned out that at the beginning (when the vessel was filled to the top) more water flowed out in the same period of time than at the end. You probably also could have noticed this when, for example, you filled a bag with water: at first the water starts flowing so quickly, and when there is a little water left in the bag, it barely flows. This happens due to water pressure. Then people thought and thought, and decided to make a clepsydra in the shape of a cone narrowed downward. Then the water clock stopped “lying.” Ancient craftsmen made very beautiful clepsydras. From wood, from clay, even from marble. Decorated them carvings, flowers, birds of paradise were planted on them. Of course, noble people had such water clocks. Special people ensured that new water was poured into the clepsydra on time. This is where the expressions came from: “Time is up” and “Time is fleeting like water.”
Centuries passed, and people were no longer satisfied with water clocks. Why, you ask. Yes, because no matter how beautiful and correctly measured the clepsydra was, there was still an error in measuring time, and it grew with each year of its use. The water clock simply “lied.” People needed new instruments to measure time. People wanted accuracy. We will find out what devices were invented later in the following conversations.
So, it's time to share your impressions of what you learned today:
1. What hours were we talking about today?
2. How did the first water clock appear?
3. What does “clepsydra” mean?
4. Which form of clepsydra was the most accurate?
5. Why did people have to make a cone-shaped clepsydra? Why weren't they happy with the cylindrical one?
6. How to understand the expression “Time is up”?
7. Why didn’t people like the clepsydra?

Conversation: Fire and oil clocks

Target: introduce children to different types of clocks, namely, fire and oil clocks, their history, purpose
Tasks:

develop cognitive activity and logical thinking;
promote the activation and expansion of children's vocabulary;
consolidate knowledge about watches;
cultivate respect for time;
develop the ability to analyze, synthesize information, compare, generalize;
develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
Guys, guess the riddle:
My head is on fire,
The body melts and burns.
I want to be useful:
There is no lamp - I'll shine it. (Candle)
That's right, it's a candle. What does a candle have to do with it when we are talking about a watch? Now you will find out everything.
On Ancient East, namely in China, fire, or fire clocks, appeared three thousand years ago. The Chinese love everything related to the fire element. They came up with a surprisingly simple design: they took a long bowl with sides, put a candle in it, made uniform cuts on the sides to indicate a period of time, pulled threads through the cuts, on the edges of which there were balls (usually metal or ivory). They lit a candle, the candle slowly burned out, the thread melted, broke, the ball fell onto a metal plate under the bowl and made a noise, thereby signaling that some time had passed. And so on until the candle burns out. Then the spark plug was changed. And ad infinitum.

They could add incense and aromatic oils to this bowl, and they could decorate it with all sorts of figurines and figures. Well, a very beautiful and fragrant invention. And most importantly, it was useful, because ancient people could clearly build their daily routine and navigate through time using it.
Fire watches were of different designs. Here, for example, is a cylindrical candle clock: this is a stand (a kind of candlestick) with a metal vertical pin with identical divisions along its entire length. A candle was placed next to the pin (vertically), lit, it burned and indicated the elapsed time. Do you think it's a comfortable design? Yes, it’s convenient, but, in my opinion, the candle burns out quickly. Then people began to invent candles of different compositions, with different wicks, so that the candle would burn as long as possible, because the wax melts very quickly.

This is how the wick clock appeared. A very interesting design: they made a wick (they made it from materials that burn or smolder for a long time, for example, from a mixture of sawdust and tar), twisted it into a spiral in the form of a cone, tied a thread with a familiar ball to each turn of the spiral, hung the spiral on a pin or a hook (like a lantern), under the spiral there was a metal stand. They lit the wick, it smoldered, the thread broke, fell on a metal stand, and made a sound. Same principle as a candle clock. Do you think it's convenient? Quite convenient.
But the craftsmen did not stop. And here, as in the saying: “If you pour oil on the fire, you just add more fire.” Oil clocks were invented. They can just as easily be called fire. And the third name is lamp clock. They took a clay pot and filled it vegetable oil, inserted a wick, set it on fire. There were marks on the pot, the oil burned, burned out, its level showed how much time had passed. Miners took these watches with them - people who worked underground, extracting minerals, ore, for example. Oil clocks consisted not only of an oil vessel, they were also made of glass. Practical. By the way, this is a prototype of the kerosene burners that your great-grandmothers or even grandmothers used not so long ago. Only a kerosene burner was not used to measure time, but was used for lighting when there was no electricity.
All fire and oil hours were good. But they are just unreliable. They were dependent on the wind. Why? That's right, if a strong wind blew (for example, a draft), they went out. It was necessary to constantly monitor the candle or wick. In addition, they “lied” - if there was fresh dry air in the room, the candle burned brightly, the flame played, the clock quickly “burned out”, and if it was damp or there was not enough oxygen, then the candle barely smoldered. Another drawback is that candles, wicks and oil had to be purchased somewhere. It was necessary to buy them in a timely manner. And many people couldn’t afford them. You guys see how inventive the ancient people were!
Let's summarize:
1. Where was the fire clock invented?
2. How did they work?
3. What other fire watch designs do you know?
4. Did the firing clock work quickly or slowly?
5. What did people do to make their fire watches last as long as possible?
6. What is an oil clock?
7. Who used them?
8. Why are fire watches convenient?
9. What are the disadvantages of fire and oil clocks?

Conversation: Mechanical watches

Target: introduce children to different types of watches, namely, mechanical watches, their history, purpose
Tasks:
To form an idea of ​​the definition of time;
develop cognitive activity and logical thinking;
promote the activation and expansion of children's vocabulary;
consolidate knowledge about watches;
cultivate respect for time;
develop the ability to analyze, synthesize information, compare, generalize;
develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
Mechanical watches. What is it? A watch, of course, is a device for measuring time. What about mechanical ones? That's right, from the word “mechanism” - a device, the internal structure of something. Who invented the first mechanical watch is a mystery. Some claim that these are the inventive Chinese, others say that they are the French. Let's not guess. Why do you think mechanical watches were invented? After all, people have already invented so many watches. Right! At all times, people wanted accuracy. And so that these same clocks do not depend on external forces - from the Sun, from fire, from oil or a candle.
If any of you took apart the watch with your parents or grandparents, you probably saw that there was a lot of...what inside? Gear wheels. One wheel clings to another, another to a third, and even two or three wheels can cling to one wheel at once. And they, in turn, move the hands of the clock. Amazing, isn't it?!
The design of the first mechanical watches was simple.

The rope was wound around a shaft (can be compared to a reel and threads), and a weight was tied. The weight on the rope was lowered and moved the arrows using gears. The number of teeth on the wheels was calculated so that a full circle of the hour wheel measured one hour of time. When the rope unwound, the weight had to be lifted upward. I’ll also add that the first mechanical watches did not have a minute (and especially a second) hand. And such clocks were installed on towers, in town halls, and chapels. They were huge.
Then people invented the pendulum - an oscillatory system. The pendulum moves back and forth and its movement is constant. It was introduced into the clock mechanism. And this helped people measure time even more accurately. After all, the movements of the pendulum are the same, unlike the rope, which could become thinner from constant friction.
Mechanical watches were refined over five centuries until they reached us in the form in which we are accustomed to seeing them. Spirals, a dial, a cuckoo, and a chime were added to them. And some clocks showed a whole show when they struck a certain hour, for example 8 pm.
For convenience, people also came up with small mechanical pocket watches so that they could take them with them everywhere. Then resourceful masters attach to them leather straps. This is how they appeared wrist watch, allowing you to instantly see what time it is. Mechanical watches were decorated with various figures, painted with patterns, and made of precious metal. They have become a luxury item, a desired gift, especially for men.
But the most important thing is their function. Mechanical watches made it possible to determine time very accurately, with virtually no errors; they did not depend on natural factors. This is why they were valued for so long. And they still appreciate it.
It's time to sum up:
1. What is a “mechanism”?
2. Let's remember the design of the first watch? (Tale from the picture)
3. Who invented the first mechanical watch?
4. What is a pendulum?
5. What is the advantage of mechanical watches?

Conversation: Electric and electronic clocks

Target: introduce children to different types of watches, namely, electric and electronic watches, their history, purpose
Tasks:
To form an idea of ​​the definition of time;
develop cognitive activity and logical thinking;
promote the activation and expansion of children's vocabulary;
consolidate knowledge about watches;
cultivate respect for time;
develop the ability to analyze, synthesize information, compare, generalize;
develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
Today we will talk about electric and electronic watches, which are considered one of the most accurate and most reliable. At the end of the last century, they almost completely replaced mechanical watches from our lives.
It all started a hundred years ago, when electricity appeared, and when this same electricity began to be used for various purposes and needs. The Englishman conducted experiments with pendulums, electromagnets and ordinary mechanical watches. The pendulum swung, coming into contact with special electromagnets, a current was formed, which provided energy for the movement of the hands. These watches did not require constant winding like mechanical ones. And the most important thing is that there was no error in time (well, or quite insignificant, the clock “lied” by only 1 second per year). Electric clocks were very popular and respected by professors and scientists.

But in the middle of the last century in France they came up with the kind of watch that we all use - electronic. The pendulum and electromagnet of an electric clock were replaced by an electrical power element - an accumulator or battery. And the familiar dial was replaced by an electronic display, on which electronic numbers glowed. In addition, engineers began to invent electronic watches with a calculator, an alarm clock (now, of course, this does not surprise us, but before it was an unheard-of miracle of technology), and even a built-in minicomputer. Gradually, electronic clocks and electronic alarm clocks began to be built into various household appliances and devices, which made it possible to control them when a certain time came. Electronic watches have become an indispensable element of such devices as a TV, VCR, computer, cell phone, etc., etc. Today we are accustomed to electronic watches and do not even remember that there is something else for determining time.
Let's summarize:
1. Are electronic and electric watches the same thing?
2. What was the most important thing about an electric clock?
3. What is important in electronics?
4. Where do we find electronic watches?
5. How did they conquer us?

Conversation: Atomic clocks

Target: introduce children to different types of clocks, namely, atomic clocks, their history, purpose
Tasks:
To form an idea of ​​the definition of time;
develop cognitive activity and logical thinking;
promote the activation and expansion of children's vocabulary;
consolidate knowledge about watches;
cultivate respect for time;
develop the ability to analyze, synthesize information, compare, generalize;
develop the ability to listen to each other.
Progress of the conversation:
We have already talked about almost the most accurate watches - electronic ones. But why are they “almost” accurate? Yes, because there is, well, the most accurate clock - this is an atomic clock. An atom is the smallest particle that exists on earth. Everything in the world consists of it. People recently learned to use the energy of the atom. Just imagine that we are playing the game “Bear in the Forest”, you are running away from the bear, what is happening? Everyone is running without looking back! How much Energy do you have? A lot of! In the same way, nuclear energy is powerful energy. And inexhaustible. It can serve humanity for millions of years. But provided that it is used correctly and peacefully.
So, let's get back to our watch. I can’t tell you what an atomic clock is made of, it’s very complicated. Only nuclear physicists can tell us this secret. If any of you become a nuclear physicist in the future, please come to kindergarten and tell the children about the most accurate clock in the world!
The first atomic clocks were too bulky and were not widely used. But the scientists did not sleep; with the help of experiments, they created a clock based on cesium atoms. It's such chemical element. Immediately after the creation of the atomic clock, people all over the Earth decided to switch to the atomic time standard.
The time has come to discover the great secrets of humanity. I’ll tell you a secret that there is a Laboratory of Time Keepers in the world. What do you think they do in it? Do they keep time? Right. Why store it? Is it going to go somewhere? One more secret will have to be revealed: our planet Earth, as you know, rotates around its axis and around the Sun. The Earth's rotation is slowing down and the magnitude of this slowdown is not constant. The Earth currently rotates at a rate of about 2 milliseconds per 100 years. This greatly complicates the work of astronomers and time keepers, who make some special calculations known only to them, and these calculations may turn out to be incorrect even due to a slight error in time.
Today, with the help of atomic clocks, Coordinated Universal Time is used as a time scale. It is formed by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures by combining data from time storage laboratories of various countries, as well as data from the International Earth Rotation Service.
So we say that atomic time is so precise. Why don’t we still use it in everyday life? This is because atomic energy has not yet been used for domestic purposes; the technology for obtaining it is very complex. And it costs a lot. Plus, as I said, atomic clocks are huge.

While scientists from different countries there is something to work on. And I think that in the near future we will be able to use atomic clocks in the same way as any mechanical and electronic ones.
So, let's see how easily you remembered the information from our conversation:
1. What does an atom give?
2. What are they – the first atomic clocks?
3. Who invented the atomic clock?
4. Is the atomic clock mechanism complicated?
5. Does anyone keep track of Time in the world?
6. Why do you need to keep track of time?
7. Why don’t you and I still have atomic clocks at home?

(I used images from the Google search engine)

Class hour "Price of a minute"

Goals:

1. Expanding the horizons of students.

2. Fostering respect for time.

Presenter (teacher). Hello, dear guys. Today we will talk about time. We will learn what time is, why it is needed and how to use it, and we will also talk about the history of the creation of watches, their types and principles of operation.

Who knows how to live by the clock?

And appreciates every hour,

This is not necessary in the morning

Wake up 10 times

And he won't talk

Why is he too lazy to get up?

Do exercises, wash hands

And make the bed.

Will he have time to get dressed on time?

Wash and eat

And before the bell rings

Sit at a desk at school.

The watch is not for show.

The clock dictates time to us.

Dictate like this:

Tick ​​tock, tick tock.

1stSTUDENT.

Time is precious to man, and he determines time by the clock. At different times appearance hours was different. There are some expressions associated with the workings of clocks. For example, they say: “A lot of water has passed under the bridge since then,” and we understand that a lot of time has passed. And they say this because in ancient times there were water clocks. They were arranged in the form of two communicating vessels. Time was recognized by how much water flowed from one vessel to another. The sand clock is also constructed similarly to a water clock, where sand was poured from the upper vessel into the lower vessel. In Rus', such watches were called flasks, because were made of glass.

Later, mechanical watches appeared. They are different for us. Time is sometimes determined by the striking of the clock. This is where the expression “beaten hour” comes from.

Teacher.

On October 2, 1918, the main clock of our country began to speak - the Kremlin chimes. Every hour the clock strikes solemnly and majestically. And there is no person who would not know the melodic and exciting chimes located on the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin.

(listening to a recording of the chimes)

The clock speaks about time, and you cannot stop time, just as you cannot kill it, i.e. carry out without benefit. Our task: to develop a sense of time, the ability to use every hour, every minute wisely, for business. A working minute is a small period of time, but minutes add up to hours, days, years.

2nd student.

The work of the clock does not stop for a second, time flows continuously. Place your palms on your chest. You feel your heart beating and working. It works all our lives, without stopping, it works and drives blood so that each of us is ready to do something useful every minute. Let's sit silently for a minute. See how long a minute is. What do they do in our country in a minute?

3rd student.

It looks like an ordinary box

But - a real wizard,

The whole Universe lives in it,

At least it's an ordinary thing.

He will tell you a hundred stories,

He will invite you to the circus for an hour

Movies will show you -

Each of you has

(TV)

Factories produce 13 TVs in one minute

4th student

Admire, look!

North Pole inside,

Snow and ice sparkle there,

Winter itself lives there.

Forever this winter for us

Brought from the store.

(fridge)

The refrigerator is a human assistant. Every minute 11 new refrigerators are produced in the country

5th student.

So that I can take you

I don't need oats

Feed me gasoline

Give me some rubber for my hooves,

And, raising a whirlwind of dust,

Runs... (car)

Our factories produce different vehicles - trucks, cars, large, small. Almost four new cars roll off the production lines every minute.

1st student.

Do you want to sail the oceans?

Descend into the depths

Visit many countries

And rush to the moon,

Be a brave explorer

In the thickets of centuries -

All edges are open to you

On the pages of books.

The book is printed so quickly that you have to count by seconds. Every second, 45 copies of books are published in our country, and 7-8 of them are intended for you guys. How many books do you publish per minute?

Let's count: 7*60=420 books (just for you guys), and in total:

45*60=2700(books)

2700 is a library!

2nd student.

Every minute, 1,560 pairs of shoes leave the assembly lines of our country. What a moment!

3rd student.

What about hours? Fun alarm clocks, important wall clocks, small hand clocks and everything in between! Factories make 77 pieces every minute

And if suddenly all the plants and factories in the country stopped working for one minute, the state would lose 50 million rubles. That's how much a minute costs.

What can we do in a minute?

A competition is held, for example, reading (number of words per minute), solving examples (write only answers

2nd student.

The clock is counting the seconds

They are counting the minutes.

The watch won't let you down

Who saves time?

Hour after hour, year after year -

The clock is always moving forward.

Everything must be done on time

Then you will be satisfied yourself.

Friendship with a watch is good,

Work, rest,

Do your homework slowly

And don't forget the books!

So that in the evening, when you go to bed,

When the time comes,

You could confidently say:

It was a good day! (S. Baruzdin)

3rd student.

The minute is rushing by.

The minute is short

But in a minute you can

Find a star, a beetle,

The solution of the problem….

And a rare mineral

which is still

Nobody opened it.

Open in a minute

Rockets from Earth.

But to go into deep space

They could fly

Scientists gave

Dozens of years of work

And since childhood, astronauts

We dreamed of flying.

Even if the minute is short,

Let it run very fast!

Big, bold dream

It can fit in it!

4th student

We know: time is extensible.

It depends on

What kind of content

You fill it up.

There are times when he has stagnation,

And sometimes it flows

Unloaded, empty,

Counting hours and days in vain.

Let the intervals be uniform,

What separates our days,

And putting them on the scales,

We find long moments

And very short hours.

Let's remember folk proverbs and sayings about time

(Studentscalled their)

You must be able to value your time and the time of others. A good rule to remember is:

When starting any business, learn to calculate the time: how much of it will be spent on lessons, how much on activities in clubs, on helping parents, on walks, etc.

Organize your day

Go to bed early and get up early

Do exercises in the morning

Don’t learn your lessons right away when you get home from school, but after an hour or two

After school take a rest fresh air

Do your homework during the day

Don't study late in the evening, because... the brain is already tired

Make your homework harder first

Attend a section, circle

Help your parents with housework.

They say that absolute order in the house and the healthy psyche of its owner are completely incompatible things. Those who can afford an au pair are happy to do so, and those who can't get creative. For example, in the late 90s, American Marla Seelly came up with the FlyLady housekeeping system, which became popular all over the world.

For millions of us

With her system, the American managed to turn women constantly crawling around the house with a rag into goddesses fluttering around it, and in absolute cleanliness. FlyLady’s “target audience” is working, busy or not very organized representatives of the fair sex who cannot maintain constant order in their home. Women who tend to put all their strength and energy on the altar of cleaning free time, and still suffering from feelings of guilt - after all, their life never became ideal.

How is this miraculous system organized? Websites (English and translated) contain basic methodological principles, and daily e-mail newsletters encourage housewives to take specific actions. The site promises that the approach to housekeeping in the spirit of FlyLady will allow you to put things in order in your own home and create good habits- those that will support him constantly. Self-organization and self-discipline are the “pillars” on which a real “flying lady” rests.

If you want to join the system and become " reactive housewife", sites await you: flylady.org.ua , flylady.ru , ladybee.ru and LJ community flylady-ru.livejournal.com. There is a description here basic principles FlyLady, tasks for the week, planners, e-mail newsletter with tasks for every day and forums for communication of like-minded people.

If you want to support Russian housewives, you can reellady.ru- a resource dedicated to the first Russian system cleaning - “The Path of Cleanliness”. On this site you can learn about alternatives to FlyLady - the PAZ and Shining House systems.

How it works?

The name Fly Lady is an abbreviation for Finaly Love Yourself, translated as “Finally love yourself.” Ease, getting pleasure from work, the ability to leave energy and time for yourself - this is what “flyushki” achieve with their regular housework. Here are their basic rules:

- no perfectionism. Exhausting work for results and the desire for perfect order only develop a hatred of cleaning and often the desire to put it off by any means. General cleaning on weekends has nothing to do with FlyLady.

- clear planning. The first assistant of the “flying housewife” is a home diary, also known as a planner. The more household and household chores you think through and prescribe, the better for you.

- respect for time. If you clean your shoes immediately upon returning from the street, it will take much less time than if you postpone this issue for several hours. The same applies to the kitchen stove - it’s easier to clean it immediately after cooking.

- using a timer.“Flyushka” does not work for results; its task is not to do, but to do. She timed exactly 15 minutes and brought order to any one place. When the timer beeps, cleaning is complete.

- keeping in order first the housewife, and then the house. When, from the very morning, the housewife has her hair combed, made up, and dressed in such a way that she is not ashamed to open the door at any moment. front door unexpectedly arriving guests, then the housework gets done faster. Because order disciplines. In addition, the author of the system, Marla Seelly, recommends using lace-up shoes (ideally sneakers) for home use. Because it’s difficult to immediately throw them off and lie down on the sofa.

- regularity of cleaning. The system offers to clean the house for 15 minutes every day. At first glance, this is not at all enough, but regularity works wonders! According to FlyLady, the house is divided into zones (kitchen, children's room, hallway, bedroom), one week is devoted to only one zone. By the weekend, the selected area is shining, because in total more than an hour was spent on it!

- creating an island of purity- a place that is always in perfect order. FlyLady suggests making a kitchen sink into such an island. You need to clean it every day before it gets dirty (clean even clean things!). This is how a love for housework is formed, your mood rises and motivation appears to make the rest of the house clean.

“Flyushki,” as they are affectionately called in Russia, have their own unique terminology:

Rituals(in other translations - “ routines") - daily housework, which is entered into a special list. Initially it may consist of two or three points. The list will gradually be expanded and will help you use your time most efficiently. The main routine is the evening one: lightly clean the apartment so that it is ready for the next day, think about tomorrow (prepare clothes, get food to defrost, look at your planner and your child’s schedule), take time for yourself. For those who are especially tired, there is a truncated option: clean the sink, prepare clothes for tomorrow, brush your teeth.

Littering- active fight against trash. You can make your apartment noticeably cleaner if you throw away 27 unnecessary things (a magazine you read, a single sock, an old toothbrush, etc.). Littering also affects electronic trash - unnecessary files, e-mails and SMS messages. We do this for 5 minutes a day until we have something to throw away.

Hot Spots (hotspots or hotpoints) - places where things accumulate at catastrophic speed. For example, a bedside table, a desk or a table in the hallway. Turning off a hotspot means taking a couple of minutes to clear up the mess in its early stages, before it becomes horrifying.

How I live according to the systemFlyLady

Not yet being familiar with the Flylady system, I already shared its main principle: rejection of idealism. My house was in order. Almost complete. That is, the dust from the monitor was wiped off by the one to whom it bothered the most, and the plastic containers were organized on the shelf by the one from whom they fell out. So I decided to try out a new cleaning strategy and see if I could get more order with less effort. It turned out that not all the rules of the system were easy to follow, but the ones that I liked really stuck. And now my day (according to FlyLady's rules) looks something like this. I get up in the morning and... don’t put on my shoes! I don’t have and never will have this Western habit of walking around the house with shoes on, but I do have a pedicure. My two-year-old daughter loves it (“Mom, what beautiful nails you have!”), and I like to show it off to my husband. Here I am definitely in flight, or rather, in flight.

I go into the kitchen. Already from the threshold you can see that the sink is shining. This habit did not want to form for a long time: it was difficult for me to force myself to clean something that was not yet dirty. But if you clean the sink every evening, it simply doesn’t have time to get dirty! So I lightly wipe it with detergent.

The child's clothes are ready for kindergarten. Truly, doing everything possible in the evening is an excellent rule! According to FlyLady’s precepts, in the evening I put lunch for my husband in the lunch box, in the evening I pack my bag in Gym. Now I even make coffee in the evening. Five minutes in the evening saves fifteen minutes in the morning!

Hotpoints are my great pride because I was able to cope with them. My hot spot of the mess was the chair on the loggia. Previously, I constantly put dried laundry there (it dries right next to it), and left it until ironing. It could lie like that for a week or ten days. Now, on the advice of FlyLady, unironed linen has a separate place in the closet on the loggia, where it does not spoil the view or my mood.

I eliminated the hotpoint on the windowsill, where packages of tissues, vitamins, and toothpicks were constantly accumulating. I dismantle the shelf in the hallway every 3-4 days until it gets completely clogged. I canceled the general cleaning altogether, because every day I do some “little thing” with my daughter. Or I dismantle the rubble without it - however, not in 15 minutes, as the flyushki recommend, but in 19 - exactly the same time as the Bremen Town Musicians.

Kitchen - here Augean stables my apartment. From here you can throw away not 27 things, but all 100. Here are two and three liter jars, rubber and metal covers for them. What are they doing in my house if I never prepare for the winter? I'm sending it to my mother-in-law! Here are almost untouched packages of cookies - I don’t even remember who brought them. My family doesn’t eat this stuff, and it would be a shame to throw it away right away. In the trash without mercy! There was noticeably more space in the kitchen cabinets in just three minutes, plus bonuses - an accidentally discovered half a kilo of coffee from Turkey and a package of dried figs from Kazakhstan.

Decluttering is the easiest thing for me - at some point you discover that today there are only a couple of small things in the house to throw away, the rest is necessary and is in its place. True, from time to time I give up and put up for sale something that cannot be thrown away at all, for example, children's toys and clothes. Then things stay in the house for another couple of weeks.

But planning is my stumbling block. I can’t get into the habit of writing things down at all; I keep everything in my head, and some little thing always eludes me. For example, I forget to take meter readings on time - (after all, a humanitarian mindset cannot be canceled). In general, the apartment has become much cleaner, but there is a persistent feeling that I am cleaning practically nothing in it.

Lifehacking is a relatively new community on the Internet of smart guys who make life easier for themselves and others through simple ideas. Easily and simply separate the yolk from the white using plastic bottle or in a clever way they put more things on hangers in the closet. In a word, these are fun and extraordinary tips for every day, designed to make it easier to solve everyday problems.

Here and now!

Like any theoretical system, when translated into practice, FlyLady contains more and less applicable advice. But every woman can definitely find something useful for herself. For example, for me the main benefit of the FlyLady system is the theory of hotpoints. And if you persistently explain to your family several times that one person cannot sort out what three or four people regularly litter, the result will be sure! In addition, the FlyLady system reminds you: “Your house didn’t get dirty overnight, and it won’t get clean overnight. Small steps will lead you to desired result" Get to work, flying housewives!

Class hour on the topic "The price of a minute"

Target: Expanding students' horizons of the importance of time in life;

Formation of assessment and self-esteem of time,

Developing a sense of time and respect for time.

Board design:

• “Time is precious, time is plentiful and time is short”
• “Time is more valuable than money”

Progress of the lesson

Puzzles

It has no legs and no wings,
He flies fast, you won't catch him.

Answer: Time

* * *

What cannot be returned?

Answer: Time

* * *

Yesterday it was, today it is and tomorrow it will be.

Answer: Time

* * *

Without measuring, you won't know
But without knowing, you feel
And sometimes you kill.

Answer: Time

Leading (teacher). Today we will talk about time. We will learn what time is, why it is needed and how to use it correctly, and also talk about the history of the creation of watches, their types and operating principles.

• Make up a proverb:

• “Know the value of minutes, the count of seconds”
• “If you miss a minute, you lose an hour”
• “Time is more valuable than money”
• “If you fall behind by an hour, you won’t catch up in a day”

Presentation

• 1st student . Time is precious to man, and he determines time by the clock. At different times, the appearance of the watch was different. There are some expressions associated with the workings of clocks. For example, they say: “A lot of water has passed under the bridge since then,” and we understand that a lot of time has passed. And they say this because in ancient times there were water clocks. They were arranged in the form of two communicating vessels. Time was recognized by how much water flowed from one vessel to another.

• An hourglass was built like a water clock, where sand was poured from the upper vessel into the lower one. In Rus', these watches were called flasks, as they were made of glass. They were widely used on ancient ships. The sailor on duty at this clock struck the bell every half hour and announced the number of bells - “struck the bells.” Today there are hourglasses designed for 1, 3, 5... minutes.

• Later, mechanical watches appeared. They are different for us. Time is sometimes determined by the striking of the clock. This is where the expression “beaten hour” comes from. The word “broken” indicates that a whole hour has indeed passed, since the striking of the clock told us so.

• 2nd student. On October 2, 1918, the main clock of our country began to speak - the Kremlin chimes. Every hour the clock strikes solemnly and majestically. People all over the world listen to him. And there is no person who would not know the melodic and exciting chimes located on the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin.
• Listening to a recording of the chimes.

• 3rd student . The work of the clock does not stop for a second, time flows continuously. Place your palms on your chest. You feel your heart beating and working. It works all our lives without stopping, it works and drives the blood so that each of us is ready to do something useful every minute. Let's sit silently for a minute. See how long a minute is! What do they do in our country in a minute?

• 4th student.
• It looks like an ordinary box
• But he is a real wizard.
• The whole Universe lives in it,
• At least it's an ordinary thing.
• He will tell you a hundred stories,
• He will invite you to the circus for an hour,
• He will show you movies -
• Each of you has. (TV.)
• In one minute, factories produce 13 televisions.
• 5th student.
• Admire, look!
• North Pole inside,
• Snow and ice sparkle there,
• Winter itself lives there.
• Forever this winter for us
• Brought from the store. (Fridge.)
• The refrigerator is a human assistant. It saves food, saves medicine, and therefore saves time. Every minute, 11 new refrigerators are produced in the country.
• 1st student.
• So that I can take you
• I don't need oats
• Feed me gasoline
• Give me some rubber for my hooves,
• And, raising a whirlwind of dust,
• Will run... (car)
• Our factories produce different vehicles - trucks, cars, large, small. Almost four new cars roll off the production lines every minute.
• 2nd student.
• Do you want to sail the oceans?
• Descend into the depths
• Visit many countries
• And rush to the moon,
• Be a brave explorer
• In the thickets of centuries -
• All edges are open to you
• On the pages of books.
• The book is printed so quickly that you have to count by seconds. Every second, 45 copies of books are published in our country, and 7-8 of them are intended for you guys. How many books do you publish per minute?
• Let's count: 7 x 60 = 420 (books just for you guys), and in total:
• 45 x 60 = 2700 (books).
• 2700 is a library!
• 3rd student. Every minute, 1,560 pairs of shoes leave the assembly lines of our country. What a moment!
• 4th student . What about hours? Funny alarm clocks, important wall clocks, small hand clocks and all the others? Factories make 77 pieces every minute. In 1 minute, industrial products worth 1.4 million rubles are produced. The loss of one minute of working time is equal to the loss of the results of a day's work of 200 thousand people.
• And if suddenly all the plants and factories in the country stopped working for one minute, the state would lose 50 million rubles. That's how much a minute costs.
• 5th student . What can we do in a minute?
• There is a competition, such as reading (words per minute), solving examples (students write only answers), etc.

Guys, do you know what a minute is?

Student: this is 1/60 of an hour. What can you do in one minute? At first glance it seems nothing. But time is made up of these minutes. Let's take our class. There are 12 students in the class. If everyone takes one minute with their pranks, then there will be 28 minutes left to gain knowledge. Here's one minute for you.

Teacher: Guys, you need to develop a sense of time within yourself, learning to live clockwise. Is it worth working? Maybe you can live without a watch. Let's try to imagine. what would happen to each of us if all the clocks disappeared.

Student: We came to school. It's time for lessons to start, but not even half the students are in the class. There is no teacher either, he just left the apartment.

Student: I returned home after school. Oh, how hungry I am, and my mother has only just started cooking.

Student: we came to the cinema, and half of the film was already shown.

Teacher: This is what a mess it would be if people didn’t look at their watches and gradually develop a sense of time. Or you can have a watch and not value time.

Pupil:

With a watch, friendship is good, work, rest.
Do your homework slowly, and don’t forget your books.

Teacher: So that in the evening, when you go to bed, when the due date comes, you can confidently say - it was a good day!

Lesson summary.

What is the topic of our lesson?

What proverbs do you remember?

What needs to be done to have a sense of time?

Preview:

To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

CLASS HOUR “The Price of a Minute” Varakosova L.P. 4th grade

OBJECTIVES: 1. Broadening the horizons of students. 2. Fostering respect for time.

HISTORY OF THE CLOCK. What watches do you know?

WATER CLOCK

HOURGLASS

HOURGLASS

HOURGLASSES – SEA GLASSES

MECHANICAL WATCHES

PRICE OF A MINUTE. It looks like an ordinary box, But it’s a real wizard, The whole Universe lives in it, Even though it’s an ordinary thing. He will tell you a hundred stories, he will invite you to the circus for an hour, he will show you movies - each of you has one.

TV. In one minute, factories produce 13 televisions.

SECOND RIDDLE Admire, look! The North Pole is inside, Snow and ice sparkle there, Winter itself lives there. Forever brought to us this winter from the store.

FRIDGE. Every minute, 11 new refrigerators are produced in the country.

THIRD RIDDLE For me to take you, I don’t need oats, Feed me gasoline, Give me rubber for my hooves, And, raising a whirlwind of dust, He will run...

AUTOMOBILE. Almost four new cars roll off the production lines every minute.

Do you want to sail across the oceans, Descend into the depths, Visit many countries And rush to the moon, Be a brave explorer In the thickets of centuries - All edges are open to you On the pages of books.

PRICE OF A MINUTE.

The book is printed so quickly that you have to count by seconds. Every second, 45 copies of books are published in our country, and 7–8 of them are intended for you guys. How many books do you publish per minute? Let's count: 7 × 60 = 420 (books just for you guys), and in total: 45 × 60 = 2700 (books). 2700 is a library!

PRICE OF A MINUTE. . Every minute, 1,560 pairs of shoes leave the assembly lines of our country. What a moment!

PRICE OF A MINUTE. The factories produce 77 pieces of funny alarm clocks, important wall clocks, small hand clocks and all the others every minute.

PRICE OF A MINUTE. Solve the examples: 1) 2x4= 2) 3x15= 3) 21:3 = 4) (3+7)x1= 5) 5:1+8= 6) (7 - 6)x10= 7) 4x4 – 3x4= 8 ) 3x4 – 12= 9) 28:7x9=

The minute is rushing by. The minute is short. But in a minute you can find a star, a beetle, a solution to a problem... And a rare mineral that no one has yet discovered. In a minute the Rockets take off from the Earth. But so that they could fly into deep space - Scientists have devoted dozens of years to work, And since childhood, astronauts have dreamed of flight. Even if the minute is short, Let it rush very quickly! A big, bold dream It can fit in! N. Yurkova

TIPS: 1. Organize your day. 2. Go to bed early and get up early. 3. Do exercises in the morning. 4. Don’t study your lessons immediately when you come home from school, but after an hour or two. 5. After school, take a rest, but it’s better to be active and in the fresh air. 6. Do your homework during the day. 7. Don’t study late in the evening, as your brain is already tired. 8. Do your homework first, whichever is more difficult. 9. Attend a section or circle. 10. Help your parents with housework.