Non-union and allied connection
between parts of a complex sentence
Pechkazova Svetlana Petrovna,
teacher of Russian language and literature MBOU “Lyceum No. 1”, Chamzinka, Republic of Mordovia
- continue preparing for the OGE in Russian in 9th grade;
- systematize knowledge about non-union and allied (coordinating and subordinating) connections between parts of a complex sentence;
- practice the skill of performing a task of this type
Assignment on this topic
in KIMs it is formulated
in the following way:
Among the sentences... find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive coordinating (subordinating) connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
To complete this task,
try to compose
action algorithm
Execution algorithm
of this assignment
Determine the number of grammatical stems in a sentence
One grammatical
Two or more
grammar basics
offer
offer
composed
subordinate
non-union
Execution algorithm
tasks
Find a sentence in which
more than two grammatical stems
Establish the type of connection between simple sentences
as part of a complex
coordinating connection type:
offers
relatively
independent, connected
conjunctions AND, YES (=AND), BUT,
THEN, HOWEVER, YES (=BUT),
A, OR, EITHER, THAT-...THEN...
subordinating connection: from
you can ask a question to the main clause; conjunctions and allied words: WHAT,
WHEN, HOW, IF, AS, BECAUSE, AS WHICH...
non-union connection: parts of a complex sentence are connected without conjunctions, in meaning
Non-union complex sentence
, .
(listing facts)
; .
(listing of facts, proposals are common, complicated)
Birds sing cheerfully and carefree , butterflies flutter.
Hazel bushes grew along the banks of the stream ; The swimsuit flowers bowed their yellow heads to the water.
: [ reason ].
(because)
Pavel didn't like autumn : she brought him suffering.
: [explanation].
(namely)
After a while we hear : The lapwings scream at the top of their lungs.
: [ addition ]
(and saw, and heard, and felt)
[ → ] - [ ← ].
(opposite)
Chin followed him – he suddenly left the service.
I looked up : The cloudless sky shone joyfully above me.
: [ addition ].
(like what)
[time, condition] - .
(when, if)
- [ output (so) ].
Suddenly Pavel felt : someone's fingers touch his arm.
The morning will come – let's hit the road.
Called himself a milk mushroom – get into the back.
The smoky sun is rising – It will be a hot day.
The cheese fell out – There was such a trick with him.
Compound sentence
, coordinating conjunction.
[ Two or three large drops of rain fell ] , And [ suddenly lightning flashed ] .
[ Only the oriole gi shouting ] , Yes [ cuckoos vying with each other to count down someone's unlived years ] .
That [ the sun shines dimly ] , That [ a black cloud hangs ] .
Not that [ it was getting light , not that [ it was getting dark ] .
Coordinating Conjunctions
Connecting
Nasty
And, yes(s), too, also; no no; both... and
Separating
A, but, yes (but), but, however, etc.
Or, either, then..., then..., not that..., not that...
Complex sentence
, ( subordinating conjunction...).
( Subordinating conjunction...) , .
[… , ( subordinating conjunction...) , … ] .
[ I'm back in town ] , (Where my childhood is over).
(If open the window) , [ the room will be filled with the aroma of summer flowers ].
[ Father, ( When returned from fishing) , boasted of an unprecedented catch ] .
Types of subordinate clauses .
Definitive
Explanatory
Which? Whose?
Conjunctive words
Circumstantial
Questions about oblique cases
What, how, to, as if, as if.
Which, which, which, whose, who, what, where
Demonstrative words
Meaningful questions
That, such, such, everyone, any
Who, what, whose, how, why, why, where, when, where, how much.
I live in a house that is located on the edge of the village [..noun], (which).
[He knew] (that the basis of everything is morality).
Adverbial clauses
Where? Where? Where?
[Never go back to where] you were happy. […where…).
When? How long? Since when? How long?
Comparisons
How? How much?
Mode of action and degree
(When I opened the window), [the room was filled with the aroma of flowers]. (When…), .
How? How? To what extent? To what extent?
[Gerasim grew up dumb and powerful], (like a tree grows on fertile soil). , (How …).
For what? For what purpose? For what?
[Uncle sang like this] (like the common people sing).
, (How …).
Under what condition
[One must love every task] (in order to do it well). , (to …).
Why? From what?
For what reason?
[Buy new phone], (if there is money).
, (If …).
Consequences
[I didn’t come to school] (because I was sick).
, (because …).
What follows from this
Despite what? Against all odds?
[The weather was cold and windy], (so the snowdrifts were high). , (So).
[We went for a walk] (although it was raining).
Operating instructions
with training simulator
- Each task has several answer options. You must choose the right one.
2. If you have chosen the correct answer, then when you click the mouse, a plus sign appears (correct).
3. If you choose the wrong answer, a minus (wrong) icon appears when you click the mouse.
4. Move to the next task by clicking the mouse.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–5, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and allied subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
The rain flooded the forest; Boiling lakes formed at the edge of the forest where Gorbunov was located. The branches of the trees trembled under the weight of the water falling on them. In the darkened, distorted air it became impossible to see German fortifications. But the enemy's shelling did not subside. Bluish, ghostly pillars of explosions darted in the dark depths of the downpour; flashes of fire ran across the field.
Test your knowledge
The guys crawled all over the island in search of unmelted snow. Seryozha managed to find in the crevices between the rocks the remains of last year’s snow, compacted like ice. Secretly from Petrovich, Seryozha was lowered down on a rope, he chopped the snow with an ax and sent it up in a bucket. Climbing the rocks was dangerous. Petrovich categorically forbade doing this, but the guys secretly brought buckets of last year’s snow to Ilyinichna. She kept grumbling and threatening to complain to the foreman, but she didn’t refuse the snow: she had to cook dinner.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–3, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and conjunctive coordinating and subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
These remarks were enough for the hectic, sparkling thought of escaping from class to flash like lightning. (7) Our class was considered exemplary, there were eight excellent students in it, and there was something funny and piquant in the fact that it was we, respectable, exemplary children, who would amaze all the teachers with a strange, unusual trick, decorating the dull monotony of school everyday life with a bright flash of sensation. My heart sank with delight and anxiety, and although no one knew what our adventure would lead to, there was no turning back .
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–5, find complex non-union sentences. Write the numbers of these sentences.
Before the war, I never had to return home after a long separation. But we didn’t have to leave for long. The very first time I left home was pioneer camp, the second time I left for the front. But even those who returned home before the war after a long separation did not then experience what we are experiencing now. They returned bored - we are returning alive...
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–6, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and allied subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
Grandmother spent whole days sitting on the rubble under the split cherry tree. One cherry tree trunk has already dried up, the one that hugged and protected the house. The grandmother was waiting for her grandson and slowly, imperceptibly fell into a doze. (4) And she no longer heard the rustle of leaves above her head, or the chime of birds - the world went out and moved away from her with all its bustle. She only heard the roar of war and shuddered from this roar. And she thought: from under the roots of this clumsy cherry tree, which she once planted for some reason, it comes, from the very interior of the earth.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–5, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and conjunctive coordinating and subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
On the bridge stood Captain Zamyatin, the head of the expedition and several members of the crew. With tense, concentrated faces, they looked at the sea and sky. Everyone understood that the ships were now passing through a particularly dangerous section Barents Sea: at any moment a submarine’s periscope may emerge from the depths, and a fascist plane may appear in the sky. This concentration of the sailors was transferred to the guys: they became more restrained. Dozens of eyes watched the surface of the restless sea, the gray, quickly moving clouds.
Test your knowledge
The guillemot's body is squat, its legs are moved far back, and its toes are connected by swimming membranes. On the ground it moves slowly and clumsily, and can only take off from cliffs and water. (3) She is an excellent swimmer, can dive to a depth of ten meters, and moves underwater with the help of her wings. Guillemot weighs up to two kilograms, its meat is edible. She places the only egg directly on the rocks; it is shaped in such a way that it does not roll off the rocks. A guillemot egg is equal in weight to two chicken eggs and is not inferior to them in nutritional value. Local industrialists also collect guillemot eggs to lure arctic foxes.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–6, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive coordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
The days are already unusually warm. There is a chill in the spring air. The taiga is majestic and calm, but this is only apparent calm: a huge amount of work is going on inside every tree, every bush. Day and night, the roots with all their lobes absorb moisture from the ground, abundantly filled with recently melted snow. The snow-white lambs on the talniks have already fluffed up, the earrings on the alder have turned yellow, although the roots still lie under the snow. There are no greenery or flowers on the tiny lawns yet, but even here there is tireless activity.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–7, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and allied subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
Thirty years have passed since then, but I still remember that incident with the book when I accidentally destroyed huge house human faith. I hurt someone else and didn’t have the courage to correct the mistake. (25) And our life took a different road, where everyone is hurt and lonely, where there are no those who can raise the fallen. Pain became my inseparable companion. (….. She looks at me with the eyes of a lanky eighth grader and patiently reminds: human life is short, so never regret what you can give, never take away what is asked of you.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–6, find a complex non-union sentence. Write the number of this offer.
The girl called the dog to her:
Nipper, come to me! Well, good one, well, dear, go! Do you want some sugar? Well, go!
But Kusaka didn’t go: she was afraid.
The old man smoothed out his long beard.
I want to help you. There is such a thing Magic word. I'll tell you this word. But remember: you need to say it in a quiet voice, looking straight into the eyes of the person you are talking to. The old man leaned close to the boy’s ear and whispered something.
Test your knowledge
He sat in front of me, so chocolate-colored, and he had different eyes: one of his own was yellow glass, and the other was a large white one made from a sewn button from a pillowcase. But it didn’t matter, because Mishka looked at me with his different eyes and raised both paws up, as if he was already giving up. And I suddenly remembered how long ago I had never parted with this Mishka for a minute. I carried him with me everywhere, and sat him at the table next to me for dinner, and put him to bed, and rocked him to sleep, like a little brother. I loved him then, loved him with all my soul, I would have given my life for him then.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–10, find a complex non-union sentence. Write the number of this offer.
- Wow! - said Mishka. - Where did you get it? Will you give it to me at home?
- No, I won’t give it: it’s a gift.
The bear pouted and moved away from me. It got even darker outside, and mom it still didn't work. Here Mishka says:
- So you won’t give me a dump truck?
And he handed me a box of matches. I took it, opened it and at first I didn’t see anything, and then I saw a small light green light, as if I was now holding a tiny star in my hands.
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–5, find a complex sentence with a non-conjunctive and a conjunctive coordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
“He didn’t want something, but they threatened and frightened him. (47.. Tanya! Look in the box!
“No,” Tanya said quietly. – The funeral is in place, there are photographs, but no letters.
Anna Fedotovna closed her blind eyes and listened intently, but her soul was silent, and her son’s voice no longer sounded in her. He faded away, died, died a second time, and now he is dead forever. Taking advantage of her blindness, the letters were not taken out of the box - they were taken out of her soul, and now not only she, but also her soul has become blind and deaf...
Test your knowledge
Among sentences 1–5, find complex sentences with non-conjunctive and conjunctive coordinating and subordinating connections between parts. Write the numbers of these sentences.
The crab was terribly large and flat, and if you looked closely, you could see bumps and spines on it, some kind of seams, jagged combs. If you dry it, it would probably make a wonderful souvenir! (4... The crab sat under the bed for a week. He kept sitting in the same place, near the foot of the bed, and when someone leaned over him, he put his jagged claw forward with menacing impotence. (6...) On the third day, about foam appeared on his whiskers, but when Zybin touched him, the crab pecked his finger painfully, until it bled.
at the lesson
Well done!
Solid knowledge:
you can work with the dough
BE
PLEASE CAREFUL
There were many errors:
need to repeat the rule
Everyone
Thank you
get to work!
- Ivanova Yu.S. Russian language: help in preparing for the practical exam. – M.: Trigon, 2013.
- Makarova B.A. Absolute spelling literacy in 30 days. – M.: AST Astrel, 2014.
3. Novikova L.I. A manual for preparing schoolchildren for centralized testing. – M.: Exam, 2014.
4. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements: http://opengia.ru/subjects/russian-9/topics/6?page=3
Material used
In modern Russian language, especially in writing, complex sentences are often used. There are two types of complex compounds in the Russian language: union and non-union. Non-union - which consists of several parts, but conjunctions are not used to connect these parts with each other. Here is a classic example of a non-union sentence: “It was snowing, the weather was frosty.” Or, for example: “It was getting cold, the birds were flying south.”
Allies, in turn, have another feature. They also have two or more parts and use conjunctions to communicate. There are two types of unions - coordinating and subordinating. If subordinating conjunctions are used, the sentence is called complex. If coordinating conjunctions are used, it is called compound.
Subordinating connection in a complex sentence
If the parts of a complex sentence are connected to each other using a subordinating connection, it is called complex. It consists of two parts: main and subordinate clauses. There is always only one main thing, but there can be several subordinate clauses. From the main part to the subordinate part you can pose a question. There are different types of subordinating connections.
Subordinate clause can serve as an adverbial function, for example: “I left home from school when the bell rang.” It can also serve as a complement: “I told him what I had been wanting to say for a long time.” And, finally, it can serve as a circumstance, for example: “The grandmother told her grandson to go to where he forgot his briefcase,” “I didn’t come because my grandmother was sick,” « “My mother arrived when the snow melted in the yard.”
Here are classic examples of variants with different types of subordinating connections. In all examples, the first part will be the main one, and the second - subordinate clause, accordingly, the question is asked from the first part to the second:
- “I love it when spring comes”;
- “I read a book about the house that Jack built”;
- “Mom was upset because her son got a bad grade”;
- “The boy decided to find out where Santa Claus comes to the house from.”
Coordinating connection in a complex sentence
We can talk about a coordinating connection in cases where the simple parts that make up a complex are equal, and none of them can be called main or dependent. Accordingly, the question cannot be raised from one part to another. The most common coordinating conjunctions are conjunctions “a”, “but”, “and”.
Examples of coordinating connections:
- “Mom came home, and at that time my son went for a walk.”
- “I felt bad, but my friends were able to cheer me up.”
- “The sun has set, and the heads of the dandelions in the meadow have closed.”
- “Winter has come, and everything around has plunged into white silence.”
Coordinating connection in variants with the conjunction “a” is often used in Russian folk proverbs and sayings based on the opposition of any characteristics, for example: “Hair is expensive, but the mind is short.” In old Russian, for example, in folklore works(fairy tales, epics, sayings, fables) the conjunction “a” is often replaced by its Old Russian synonym “yes”, for example: “Grandfather came to pull a turnip, but the turnip grew big. The grandfather pulled and pulled the turnip and called the grandmother for help.”
Compound Sentences are especially often used in descriptions of nature, when the author of the work wants to give the most full picture summer day, winter night or bright, beautiful landscape. Here is an example of such a descriptive text with a coordinating connection in complex sentences: “It was snowing, and people ran home with their collars turned up. It was still light outside, but the birds had long since fallen silent. All that was heard was the creaking of snow underfoot, and there was no wind. The sun was slowly setting behind the horizon, and two lovers on a park bench admired the short winter sunset.”
Also, complex sentences, especially sentences with the conjunctions “a” and “but”, are actively used in scientific style written speech, in texts-reasonings. Here is an example of such reasoning: “The human body is resilient, but the immune system can be easily destroyed by uncontrolled use of antibiotics. Antibiotics as medicines have many advantages, but they cause dysbiosis and have bad influence for immunity."
Features of punctuation
Two parts subordinating clause
are connected by subordinating conjunctions. Parts coordinating type, in turn, are connected by coordinating conjunctions. A conjunction is a small particle that visually resembles a preposition, but performs a completely different function: connects or two sentences that are inside one.
Both in complex and compound sentences, conjunctions must be preceded by a comma. When reading aloud, you need to pause before this comma. Omitting a comma before conjunctions using coordinating and subordinating conjunctions is considered a gross syntactic error. However, primary and even high school often make such mistakes in dictations, in independent and verification work in the Russian language, in essays and written works on literature. In this regard, in school curriculum studying the Russian language includes a separate section devoted to practicing the rules of punctuation.
In complex non-union sentences To connect two parts, you can use not only a comma, but also other punctuation marks, for example:
- “The sun has risen, the birds have woken up with their usual morning song.”
- “I warned you: playing with fire is very dangerous!”
- "It lit up full moon, illuminating the earth with its radiance; sensing the approach of night, a wolf howled in the distant forest; somewhere in the distance, on a tree, an eagle owl hooted.”
Complex sentences help make written and spoken language especially expressive. They are actively used in texts of various contents. Competent writing of them in compliance with all punctuation rules indicates that the person knows the Russian language well and knows how to clearly express his thoughts in writing. Neglect existing rules punctuation, on the contrary, speaks of a low level of human speech culture. Teachers of Russian language and literature should pay attention Special attention on the correct writing of complex sentences when checking students' written work.
Non-union proposals with subordinating connection- these are non-union sentences, which both in structure and in semantic relationships between parts are identical to complex sentences. Such non-conjunction sentences consist of only two parts and are called closed non-conjunction complex sentences (or closed structure non-conjunction sentences).
The fixed (not free) order of arrangement of the two parts of a closed non-conjunct sentence helps to establish semantic relationships between these predicative parts, that is, when rearranging the parts of a non-conjunct sentence, the semantic relationships between them change or the sentence as a whole is destroyed. For example, in the sentence I was late: the car broke down, the second part of a complex sentence communicates the reason, and in the sentence The car broke down - I was late, the second part is a consequence of what is reported in the first part.
Parts of such a complex sentence are formed by explanatory intonation (one part explains the other) or contrasting intonation (the first part of the sentence is characterized by a very high
tone, the second - lowering the tone). Intonation depends on the semantic relationships between the parts of a complex sentence in oral speech, and the choice of punctuation mark (colon or dash) in writing.
Various types of semantic relationships are established between the parts of closed non-union complex sentences, that is, the semantic role of the subordinate part in relation to the main part is determined. The following varieties can be distinguished:
– An explanatory non-union sentence is a non-union complex sentence in which the first part contains supporting words - verbs that require addition, explanation, distribution, which is the content of the second part: I knew: the blow of fate would not bypass me (M. Yu. Lermontov).
– An explanatory non-union sentence is a non-union complex sentence in which the second part reveals, specifies, explains the content of the first part (often a separate word or phrase of the first part): The whole city there is like this: a swindler sits on a swindler and drives the swindler (N.V. Gogol) .
– A non-union sentence of justification and reason is a non-union complex sentence, the second part of which contains the justification or reason for what is said in the first part: I can’t sleep, nanny: it’s so stuffy here! (A.S. Pushkin). I am sad: there is no friend with me (A.S. Pushkin).
– A non-union sentence with a predicative construction of a consequence is a non-union sentence, the second part of which is a consequence of the action named in the first part of the sentence. Some non-conjunctive sentences with a causal predicative construction can be turned into sentences with an investigative predicative construction. To do this, it is enough to swap the predicative constructions: I opened the window: it was stuffy (reason). It was stuffy - I opened the window (consequence).
– An adversarial non-union sentence is a sentence in the second part of which a sharp opposition is expressed to what is said in the first part: I knew about poetry from the very beginning - I knew nothing about prose (A. A. Akhmatova).
Opposition in a non-union complex sentence is often associated with negation:
Not for the songs of spring over the plain
The green expanse is dear to me -
I fell in love with the melancholy crane
On high mountain monastery
(S. A. Yesenin).
Many non-union sentences are characterized by polysemy of semantic relationships between the parts of a complex sentence; these relationships often defy unambiguous interpretation: the boundaries between different meanings blurry and not clear enough.
Glossary:
- non-conjunctive subordination
- complex sentence with subordinating and non-conjunctive connections
- complex sentence with non-conjunction and subordinating connection
- non-union coordinating connection
- sentence with non-conjunction and subordinating connection
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- Unionless sentences are complex sentences in which semantic relationships between predicative constructions (parts of a complex sentence) are expressed without conjunctions or allied words. Lack of unions and allied...
Goals:
update students' knowledge about structural features complex sentences with different types communications - union and non-union; continue work on preparing students for the State Examination;
develop the ability to schematically represent a sentence, instill text analysis skills, improve spelling and punctuation skills;
to cultivate patriotism and responsibility towards people who have accomplished feats in the name of saving humanity from fascism.
1. Mobilizing stage.
On the desk:
How does a person maintain spiritual strength?
I remember an interview in which a veteran talks about his military profession: He was a photographer and cinematographer, and also a suicide bomber.
He saw the whole life before him through the sight sniper rifle, and, according to him, he had to communicate only with the dead.
How do thoughts about honor and dignity, about the meaning and value of life, about heroism arise in a being in whom life barely glimmers?
This confession accurately and succinctly conveys the fullness of human horror and fearlessness.
Exercise:
Read the sentences and say what unites them? (Subject).
- Can these sentences be called text? (It is forbidden).
- Arrange these sentences according to the code and read the resulting text.
PP – SPP – ? – SSP – PP
(Students name the types of sentences, arrange them in accordance with the code, using cards).
- What sentence should be instead of the question? Explain the punctuation in this sentence. Build a diagram. (According to academic grammar, sentences with different types of connections are called sentences with contaminated stems).
Considering the punctograms found only in this sentence, formulate the topic of the lesson.
- Considering the topic of the lesson, formulate the purpose of the lesson. Use supporting words: get acquainted, consider, model, explain.
(Get acquainted with complex sentences with various types allied and demon union communications; consider the schemes of complex sentences with various types of connections, model such sentences and explain the punctograms in them).
3. Updating knowledge.
What is a complex sentence? (A complex sentence is a sentence consisting of two or more simple sentences(predicative parts), connected into a single whole in meaning and intonation).
- What groups are complex sentences divided into?
- What do you know about them? Student presentations about SSP, SPP, SBP according to plan:
1. What is...
2. What punctuation marks... conjunctions (conjunctive words)...
3. Relationships between sentences.
4. Types.
Teacher: You already know that there are complex sentences with different types of connections and that according to academic grammar they are called sentences with contaminated stems. What else can you call such proposals? Look in the textbook on page 141.
4. Learning new material.
I. Writing sentences on the board and in notebooks. Proposal analysis.
It is noteworthy how eyewitnesses perceived the terrible news: the diary messages are short, in them the pulse of the war is felt with chilling clarity, confusion is read.
Exercise:
Analyze the proposal.
Analysis algorithm.
- Find the basics, divide them into parts.
- Determine the type of connection, union or non-union.
- Type of conjunction: coordinating and subordinating.
- In a non-union complex sentence there are semantic relations and, therefore, punctuation marks.
- Draw diagrams.
- Describe the type of communication.
- Check the diagrams for punctuation marks.
II. Work in pairs. Peer review.
(The task is given according to the options. In the sentence it is necessary to place punctuation marks, write letters, determine grammar basics, determine the type of proposals, draw up diagrams ).
- The power of memory draws birds from distant lands to the place where they were born; it warms the human heart throughout its life, making it happy.
- We talk a lot about the beauty of the earth, but we poorly protect what we absolutely must protect.
Work with text.
1.During the years of the Great Patriotic War The prose poem “Russian Language” by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev strengthened people’s faith in victory and called on them to achieve it at any cost. 2. They say that a young girl, a teacher of the Russian language, came to the commandant of occupied Oryol and asked permission to open the I. S. Turgenev Museum. 3. The commandant gave permission, allocating a small room for this.4. And now the museum is open. 5. At first people did not understand what this idea was for, but several days passed and there were more and more visitors. 6. Having visited the museum, they seemed to be transformed: their gaze brightened, their gait became firmer, their heads were raised higher. 7. The first thing everyone saw were the words: “In the days of doubt, in the days painful thoughts about the fate of my Motherland - you alone are my support and support, oh great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language! Without you, how can one not fall into despair at the sight of everything that is happening at home? But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people!”
Text analysis(questions on content).
Assignment by options:
1st century – Find a complex sentence with a subordinating and non-union connection.
2c. – Find a sentence with a subordinating and coordinating connection.
Explain punctuation marks .
Test tasks (in GIA format).
AT 7. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between parts of a complex sentence connected by a coordinating connection.
They say 1 that a young girl, 2 a teacher of the Russian language, 3 came to the commandant of occupied Orel, 3 and asked permission to open a museum of I. S. Turgenev.
The commandant gave permission, 4 allocating a small room for this.
And now the museum is open. At first people did not understand 5 what this idea was for, 6 but several days passed and there were more and more visitors.
Answer: _______________________
AT 9. Among sentences 2-5, find a complex one with a non-union and allied subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.
Answer: ______________________
Reflection.
Today we remembered...
We have learned...
I like it…
House. exercise:
Write a miniature essay on the topic:
“Why were people transformed after reading Turgenev’s words about the Russian language?”
“Is it worth remembering the past?”
How do you understand the words of M. Dudin: “The fallen knew how to win, the living must remember.”
How do you understand the proverb: “He who lives for himself dies for others.”
Complex sentences always include two or more simple ones (they are also called predicative parts), connected by various types of connections: conjunctive coordinating, non-conjunctive and conjunctive subordinating connections. It is the presence or absence of conjunctions and their meaning that allows us to establish the type of connection in a sentence.
Definition of subordinating connection in a sentence
Subordination or subordination- a type of connection in which one of the predicative parts is the main, subordinating part, and the other is the dependent, subordinate part. Such a connection is conveyed through subordinating conjunctions or allied words; from the main part to the subordinate part it is always possible to ask a question. Thus, a subordinating relationship (as opposed to a coordinating relationship) implies syntactic inequality between the predicative parts of the sentence.
For example: In geography lessons we learned (about what?) why there are ebbs and flows, Where In geography lessons we learned- main part, there are ebbs and flows- subordinate clause, why - subordinating conjunction.
Subordinating conjunctions and allied words
Predicative parts of a complex sentence connected by a subordinating connection are connected using subordinating conjunctions, allied words. In turn, subordinating conjunctions are divided into simple and complex.
Simple conjunctions include: what, so that, how, when, barely, yet, if, as if, as if, for sure, for, although and others. 
We want all peoples to live happily.
Complex conjunctions include at least two words: because, because, since, in order to, as soon as, while, until, despite the fact that, as if and others. As soon as the sun rose, all the songbirds woke up.
Conjunctive words can be relative pronouns and adverbs: who, what, which, whose, which, how many(in all cases); where, where, from, when, how, why, why and others. Conjunctive words always answer any question and are one of the members of the subordinate clause. I took you there, where I Gray wolf didn't run!(G. Rosen)
You need to know: what it is, examples of it in the literature.
Types of subordination in a complex sentence
Depending on the means, connecting predicative parts, the following types of subordination are distinguished:
- conjunctional subordination - parts of a complex sentence are connected by simple or complex conjunctions. He opened the doors wider so that the procession could pass through freely.
- relative subordination - between the predicative parts there is a conjunction word. After death, people return to the same place they came from. they came.
- interrogative-relative subordination - parts of a complex sentence are connected through interrogative-relative pronouns and adverbs. The subordinate part explains the member of the main sentence expressed by a verb or noun, which has the meaning of a statement, mental activity, feeling, perception, internal state. Berlioz looked around sadly, not understanding what frightened him.(M. Bulgakov).
Often one complex sentence contains more than two predicative parts that are dependent in relation to the main one. Due to this There are several types of subordination:
This is interesting: in the rules of the Russian language.
Based on which member of the main sentence explains or extends the dependent one, subordinate clauses in some sources they are divided into subjects, predicates, modifiers, additional and adverbial.
- Every, whom he met here offered to help him. The subordinate clause extends the subject of the main clause every.
- Never think that you already know everything.(I. Pavlov) The subordinate part explains the predicate of the main think.
- You should never regret something that can no longer be changed. IN in this case the subordinate clause answers the question of the prepositional case.
A more common classification is that depending on the questions they answer, subordinate clauses are divided as follows:
