Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin - famous Russian writer, in whose works the theme of the unity of man and nature is repeatedly raised. His worldview is based on personal experiences, events and upheavals of that time. Kuprin quite often changed his surroundings, due to moves and the political situation in the country. He was especially observant of people and the relationships between people in society. Many facts upset him; this became a fundamental theme in many of the author’s works.
Having a keen sense of nature, Kuprin repeatedly turned in his works to a description of its serene and charming beauty. The most common description in his work is of silence, where the author, fearing to frighten away or disturb this wonderful picture of peace, shows the ideal arrangement in nature. Using the expressions “he held his breath and froze”, “trying not to make noise”, he seems to want to peer into this silence, perhaps there is a clue to his own human existence in it. It is this connection that most clearly runs through all of the writer’s works.
Kuprin presents the description of nature very colorfully, using the most beautiful words, coloring richly, like an artist with a brush. The description of the winter landscape in the story “Olesya” is very expressive, where the author gradually leads to a philosophical thought about the unity of man and nature. “The lush lumps of snow hanging on the branches pressed them down, giving them a wonderful, festive and cold look.” “The snow turned pink in the sun and turned blue in the shade. I was overcome by the quiet charm of this solemn, cold silence, and it seemed to me that I felt time slowly and silently passing by me.”
It is precisely this involvement in integrity with nature and dissolution in the unity of its knowledge that is noted in many of Kuprin’s works. He thus points to the unity of man and nature in in a broad sense, harmoniously combining into a single whole. The relationship between man and nature, its subordination to natural rhythms, is clearly presented in the essays “Listrigons”, which show the life of fishermen. Describing the sea, silence, starry sky, the author uses epithets of comparison and personification, thereby very clearly showing the inferiority of human existence, which has lost touch with nature.
The theme of the unity of man with nature, the harmony of this integrity and the breaking of this connection is the main one philosophical thought, which runs through many works. It is the loss of this cosmic connection that worries him most of all. In hunting stories, Kuprin shows the possibility of restoring this connection, gives an understanding of the unity of the cosmic worldview, which, undoubtedly, is relevant today.
The theme of man and nature has always been one of the main ones in Russian literature. In their works, writers explored man's desire to be closer to nature, its life-giving juices, because the loss of natural harmony leads to the hardening of human relationships, to a hardening of the soul and complete lack of spirituality.
The theme of “natural man” was first stated by the French enlightenment writer J.-J. Rousseau, who believed that only far from civilization, in the lap of nature, can a perfect person who knows no vices be formed. This theme found its poetic development in A. Kuprin’s story “Olesya”.
In 1897, the writer served as an estate manager, where he had the opportunity to observe ordinary people, their way of life and morals. Probably Kuprin believed that it was here, among common people, one can find that very original, natural life from which his contemporaries were moving further and further away.
“Polesie... wilderness... bosom of nature... simple morals... primitive natures...” Thus begins the story about the beautiful nature of these places. Here, in the village, the city "gentleman", the writer Ivan Timofeevich, heard the legend about the Polesie witch Manuilikha and her granddaughter Olesya. A romantic story is woven into the fabric of the story. Olesya's past and future are shrouded in mystery. Olesya and Manuilikha live in a swamp, in a wretched hut, far from the people who expelled them from the village. Thus, the author suggests that human society is far from natural perfection. People are angry and rude. Tragic circumstances, who forced Olesya and Manuilikha to live outside society, allowed them to preserve their natural nature, genuine human qualities.
Olesya is the embodiment of Kuprin’s aesthetic ideal. She is the personification of a whole natural nature.
Nature endowed her not only with physical, but also with spiritual, inner beauty. Olesya first appears in the story, carefully holding in her hands the finches that she brought home to feed.
Olesya attracted the main character not only with her “original beauty”, but also with her character, which combined authority and tenderness, age-old wisdom and childish naivety. Ivan Timofeevich learns about the extraordinary abilities of Olesya, who could determine the fate of a person, speak to a wound, and knock a person off his feet. She never used this gift to harm people.
Olesya was illiterate, but by nature endowed with curiosity, imagination, and correct speech. Life in the lap of nature formed these qualities in her. The city, civilization is a hostile world for Olesya, the embodiment of human vices. “I would never trade my forests for your city,” she says.
Ivan Timofeevich, who came from urban civilization, will make Olesya both happy and unhappy. He will disrupt her harmonious world, her usual way of life and lead her to tragedy. Life taught Ivan Timofeevich to control his emotional impulses. He knows that Olesya’s visit to church will not end well, but does nothing to avoid tragedy.
The main character looks like a weak, selfish, internally bankrupt person. Pure love Olesya briefly awakened the soul of Ivan Timofeevich, which was spoiled by society.
How beautiful and romantic this “naive, charming fairy tale of our love was,” recalls Ivan Timofeevich, “and to this day, together with the beautiful appearance of Olesya, these burning evening dawns live in my soul, these dewy mornings, fragrant with lilies of the valley and honey, these hot, languid, lazy June days.”
But the fairy tale could not last forever. Gray days came when a final decision had to be made.
The idea of marrying Olesya more than once occurred to the main character: “Only one circumstance stopped and frightened me: I did not even dare to imagine what Olesya would be like, dressed in a fashionable dress, talking to the wives of my colleagues...”
Ivan Timofeevich is a man spoiled by civilization, a hostage to the conventions and false values of the society where he exists social inequality. Olesya preserved those in their original form spiritual qualities that nature gave her.
According to Kuprin, a person can be beautiful if he preserves and develops the abilities given to him by nature, and not destroys them.
Olesya is the pure gold of human nature, a romantic dream, hope for the best in man.
In the 90s XIX century appeared in Russian literature whole line new writers, in whose work a tendency towards realism was clearly visible. Aware of all the shortcomings and vices of society, these writers objectively illuminated them in their works, exposed the very foundations public relations. Expressing a strong protest against social evil and violence, writers and poets sought to find high ideals and tried to artistically explore and rethink the era. One of the brightest representatives of this trend is Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin. He went down in the history of Russian literature as a singer of the brightest and healthiest human feelings. The reality that Kuprin described in his works determined in most cases tragic motives. But with all this, in his stories and stories one can feel a kind of cheerful, optimistic worldview. Optimism and faith in life human soul, which, in my opinion, were most clearly manifested in the story “Olesya”, prompted him to search for the ideal of a certain “natural man”.
In this work, Kuprin delves into the sphere folk life, showing, as always, unique skill psychological analysis. The author had deep sympathy for the ordinary Russian person, seeing in him the origins of the spiritual revival of the entire Russian people. That’s why he recreates with such light and rainbow colors, with such tenderness and love psychological picture main character.
A large role in understanding this image is played by her portrait, which fully reflects the external and internal characteristics of Olesya, in their unity and direct connection. Before us is “a tall brunette of about twenty to twenty-five years old” who “carried easily and slenderly.” “The original beauty of her face, once seen, could not be forgotten, but it was difficult, even having gotten used to it, to describe it. Its charm lay in those large, shiny, dark eyes, to which the thin eyebrows, broken in the middle, gave an elusive shade of slyness and authority and naivety; in the dark-pink tone of the skin, in the peculiar curve of the lips, of which the lower one, somewhat fuller, protruded forward with a decisive and capricious appearance." This portrait alone distinguishes the heroine from all other residents of the village, contrasting her with the local “girls”, “whose faces, under ugly bandages covering the forehead on top, and the mouth and chin below, wear such a monotonous, frightened expression.” With the skill of a real psychologist, the writer also depicts Olesya’s inner world, which is so different from the inner world of other heroes.
Carefully analyzing the relationships between people, the author shows the different states of thoughts and feelings of the characters. The heroes of the story, with all the differences in characters and feelings, are similar in one thing - it’s as if there is a stamp on them general ill-being, and as a result - spiritual emptiness. And all these people, united by a common stinginess of feelings, emptiness of soul, joylessness of life, cannot and do not want to understand and accept the “forest witch” Olesya, calling her a “witch”, “devil”, blaming her and her grandmother for all imaginable and inconceivable misfortunes , although the residents themselves (and no one else!) are to blame for all their troubles. And Olesya is a pure and bright girl, endowed with a sensitive soul, capable of truly empathizing, loving, rejoicing and being sad. She can even sacrifice herself if her nature, her heart, her feelings and beliefs require it. Only she deserves real happiness, which, unfortunately, real life cannot last forever for her.
According to Kuprin’s firm conviction, only a natural life in the lap of nature, such as Olesya led, close communication with her harmonious world can preserve and educate the human soul unclouded, unspoiled, sincere and beautiful. The desire to fully reveal spiritual world Everything in Kuprin's story is subordinated to the daughter of the forests Olesya.
The author assigns a special role to the description of the rich, beautiful, untouched natural world of Polesie. The surrounding nature lives its full, rich, constantly changing life. And the main thing in this world is absolute harmony, brightness and fullness of feelings. It is the feelings of the heroes that are designed to emphasize all natural phenomena. And nature itself comes to life under the writer’s pen: “foaming angrily,” streams run, “quickly spinning chips and goose down", deep puddles reflect the boundless blue sky with “round, as if spinning, white clouds,” “ringing drops” pour from the roofs, filling everything around with a magical sound, and the sparrows scream “so loudly and excitedly that nothing can be heard ... behind their cry.” Everywhere in the natural world one can feel the “joyful, hasty anxiety of life.”
It is nature and the attitude towards it that appears in the story as a kind of criterion of human feelings. Only a person with a rich inner world, capable of sincere, real feelings, can see the beauty of the world around him and feel like an integral part of it. Kuprin’s hero also has such a rich inner world, a pure and bright soul. Therefore, along with the spring air, he inhales “spring sadness, sweet and tender, full of restless expectations and vague forebodings.” And along with this air, the image of the beautiful Olesya appears in his mind’s eye.
Against the backdrop of nature, which sees everything, understands everything and keeps all human secrets, there are major events stories. It is nature that illuminates the most beautiful moments in the lives of the heroes. The night that the young people spend together, when they forget about everything, enjoying their happiness, merges “into some kind of magical, enchanting fairy tale.” “The moon has risen, and its radiance, intricately variegated and mysteriously colored the forest, lay in the midst of the darkness in uneven, bluish-pale spots on gnarled trunks, on curved branches, on moss soft like a plush carpet.
The thin trunks of the birches turned white sharply and distinctly, and their sparse foliage seemed to be covered with silvery, transparent, gaseous covers. In some places the light did not penetrate at all under the thick canopy of pine branches... And we walked, hugging, among this smiling living legend, without a single word, suppressed by our happiness and the eerie silence of the forest.”
And yet, with all the immensity of their happiness, the love of the heroes is doomed. It simply cannot be otherwise in a world where people’s feelings die, where hearts are hardened under the influence of external circumstances.
The tragedy of their love is that they risked remaining themselves in this world, keeping their souls intact and pure. And the world, which at one time rejected Olesya and her grandmother, dooms both the heroine and her love to death. The author also depicts the tragedy of the heroes and the death of their happiness against the backdrop of a raging natural disaster. Nature senses imminent grief and bursts into thunderstorms: “Lightning flashed almost continuously, and the peals of thunder shook and rattled the glass in the windows of my room.” And as if to confirm the irreparable disaster that had happened, “a huge piece of ice suddenly hit one of the glasses with such force that it broke, and its fragments scattered with a ringing sound across the floor of the room.” It would seem that the angry “hulk” is winning. But in reality she doesn't have the strength to overcome real feelings, true love. Because a crowd of soulless, empty people cannot defeat nature itself.
A unique artist of words, A. I. Kuprin fascinates with the accuracy, clarity and noble simplicity of transforming people’s psychological lives. He has a simple and surprisingly wise magic of words. A master of language, a master of plot and composition, a master in depicting nature and human feelings, the writer left us a legacy that, in artistic terms, is a worthy example of Russian classics.
MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION SECONDARY SCHOOL No. 3 OF THE CITY OF TIKHORETSK
MUNICIPAL FORMATION TIKHORETSKY DISTRICT
Abstract
literature lesson
“Nature and man in the story “Olesya.” The tragedy of the love theme."
Developed and carried out
teacher of Russian language and literature
Yasenko D.V.
G. Tikhoretsk-2015
Topic: “Nature and man in the story “Olesya.” The tragedy of the love theme."
Goals: determine the features of Kuprin’s humanism and psychologism in the story “Olesya”; check the level of mastery of questions on the study of the works of I. Bunin and A. Kuprin.
Tasks: to find out the humanistic position of the author in the story “Olesya”, to determine the features of constructing the images of the main characters and the role of the landscape in the work. Conduct testing on the works of Bunin and Kuprin.
During the classes
I . introduction teachers.
A.I. Kuprin has always been distinguished by an interest in the natural world. Already in the first stories of the writer, a contrast is outlined village life urban, restless and hectic. Life in a remote village, lost among the dense pine forest, about eight versts from the station railway, is contrasted with a dusty, stuffy city filled with bustle and noise: “You feel young, kind and good, you feel how the city boredom that has boiled over the winter, the city anger, all the city ailments, are shaken off.”
The city is crowded, stuffy, hungry, people live “in small kennels, like birds in cages, ten people in each, so there’s not enough air”; many are forced to live in the basement, “under the very ground, in damp and cold,” and “it happens that the sun is in their room all year round do not see".
In such a city, the souls of people find themselves “in a cage”, completely dependent on public opinion, become “damp and cold.”
One of the most poetic works Kuprin's story "Olesya" (1898). “Child of Nature” Olesya with the integrity and spontaneity of nature, wealth inner world taller than the “city” man Ivan Timofeevich, kind, but timid and indecisive.
The story is an inspired hymn to high happiness mutual love, its bright apotheosis, despite the tragic end: “The naive, charming fairy tale of our love continued for almost a whole month... I, like pagan god or like a young, strong animal, enjoyed the light, warmth, conscious joy of life and calm, healthy, sensual love...”
None of Kuprin’s works shows the fusion of two hearts as inspiredly and chastely as “Olesya”.
The story also shows the skill of Kuprin as a landscape painter, a successor to the achievements of Aksakov, Turgenev, Tolstoy, and Chekhov. On the pages of his story, Kuprin appears as a thoughtful and sensitive artist and psychologist who knows how to reveal the rich spiritual world of the common man.
II. Working with the text of the story “Olesya” (on questions from the textbook).
1. What, in your opinion, is the uniqueness of the story’s composition? What role do pictures of nature play in it?
Individual message: “Landscape in Kuprin’s story “Olesya”. (Note the psychologism of Kuprin’s landscape.)
2. What is a “natural personality” and how is it embodied in the story?
Work in pairs .(on an electronic board) Table design: “ Comparative characteristics main characters."
Olesya
Ivan Timofeevich
The norms of behavior accepted in society are alien to her
Is at the mercy of public opinion
With an open mind
Focused on your world
Tragic predictions
Weakness
Dedication, etc.
Olesya: “your kindness is not good,” etc.
Commenting on the work based on the text.
Teacher . The author creates images of the characters in the traditions of Russian psychological prose. A.I. Kuprin pays especially close attention to how feelings develop in the characters of the story.
The moment of their meeting is wonderful, the growth of sincere affection in their hearts is amazing. A.I. Kuprin admires the purity of their intimacy, but does not do this romantic love serene, leads the heroes to difficult trials.
Love for Olesya becomes a turning point in the life of Ivan Timofeevich, a city resident. His initial focus exclusively on his own world is gradually overcome; the need becomes the fulfillment of the desire to “be together” with another person.
At the beginning of the story, Ivan Timofeevich seems soft, sympathetic and sincere. But Olesya immediately detects weakness in him, saying: “Your kindness is not good, not heartfelt.”
And the hero of the story really causes a lot of harm to his beloved. His whim is the reason why Olesya goes to church, although she understands the destructiveness of this act.
The lethargy of the hero’s feelings brings trouble to the sincere girl. But Ivan Timofeevich himself quickly calms down.
At the moment when he talks about the most seemingly exciting episode of his life, he does not experience guilt or remorse, which speaks of the relative poverty of his inner world.
Olesya is the complete opposite of Ivan Timofeevich. In her image, Kuprin embodies his ideas about the ideal woman. She has absorbed the laws by which nature lives, her soul is not spoiled by civilization.
The writer creates exclusively romantic image"daughters of the forests"
Olesya’s life passes in isolation from people, and therefore she does not care about what many people of her time devote their lives to: fame, wealth, power, rumor. Emotions become the main motives for her actions.
Moreover, Olesya is a witch, she knows the secrets of the human subconscious. Her sincerity and lack of falsehood are emphasized both in her appearance and in her gestures, movements, and smile.
Man is imperfect, but the power of love can, at least for a short time, return to him the sharpness of sensations and naturalness that only people like Olesya have retained.
3. Do you think that Kuprin in the works “Garnet Bracelet” and “Olesya” understands love as spiritual rebirth?
(Examination homework. Reading and discussion of miniatures “Love in the works of Kuprin.”)
III Testing on the works of Bunin and Kuprin.
1. The symbol is:
a) a poetic image expressing the essence of a phenomenon;
b) detail of a landscape, portrait, interior, highlighted by the writer in order to emphasize its special, selective meaning;
c) a word or phrase with an allegorical meaning;
G) artistic technique based on exaggeration.
2. Conflict work of art- This:
a) a quarrel between two heroes;
b) clash, confrontation, on which the development of the plot is built;
V) highest point plot development;
d) rejection of the work by critics and readers.
3. Composition is:
a) an episode of a literary work;
b) organization of individual elements, parts and images of a work of art;
c) the main question posed in literary work;
d) clash, confrontation of characters.
4. Which of the heroes of Kuprin’s works repeats the gospel “Hallowed be the Lord” several times in his monologue? your name"? To whom are these words addressed?
a) Solomon - Shulamith;
b) Zheltkov - Vera Sheina;
c) Zheltkov - to God;
d) Romashov - Shurochka.
5. From which work of Bunin are the lines taken:
“These days were so recent, and yet it seems to me that almost a whole century has passed since then. The old people in Vyselki died, Anna Gerasimovna died, Arseny Semenych shot himself... The kingdom of the small estates, impoverished to the point of beggary, is coming”?
A) " Antonov apples»;
b) “Cursed days”;
V) " Dark alleys»;
d) "Mr. from San Francisco."
6. Mark the works of Bunin, main theme which is love.
A) " Clean Monday»;
b) “Sukhodol”;
c) “Tanya”;
G) " Easy breath».
7. Which of the heroes of I. A. Bunin“I went to the old world for two whole years with my wife and daughter, just for fun”?
a) Arseny Semenych;
b) gentleman from San Francisco;
c) Malyutin;
d) cornet Elagin.
8. Which of Kuprin’s heroes, like A. Bolkonsky from L. Tolstoy’s “War and Peace,” dreams of a feat?
a) Ivan Timofeevich (“Olesya”);
b) Romashov (“Duel”);
c) Nikolaev (“Duel”);
d) Solomon (“Shulamith”).
9. From which work of Bunin are these lines taken:“Now this light breath has settled again in the world, in this cloudy sky, in this cold spring wind”?
a) “Dark Alleys”;
b) “Easy breathing”;
c) “Antonov apples”;
d) "Sukhodol".
10. About which heroine does A. Kuprin say that “two people live in her at once: one with a dry, selfish mind, the other with a tender and passionate heart”?
a) About Olesya (“Olesya”);
b) about V. Sheina (“Garnet Bracelet”);
c) about Shurochka (“Duel”);
d) about A. Sheina (“Garnet Bracelet”).
11. With what piece of music Vera Sheina, the heroine of Kuprin’s story “The Garnet Bracelet”, has the words: “Hallowed be Thy name”?
A) " Moonlight Sonata» Beethoven;
b) “Requiem” by Mozart;
c) “Prelude” by Chopin;
d) “Sonata No. 2” by Beethoven.
12. What artistic detail ends with Kuprin’s story “Olesya”?
a) a letter to a lover;
b) a bouquet of wild flowers;
c) Olesya’s scarf;
d) a string of red beads.
13. Which literary genre dominated in the work of I. Bunin?
a) story;
b) novel;
c) essay;
d) novella.
14. What is the main idea of I. Bunin’s story “The Gentleman from San Francisco”?
a) a description of the journey of a wealthy American tourist across the Atlantic to Europe;
b) exposing the revolution in Russia;
V) philosophical understanding human existence in general;
d) Americans' perception of Soviet Russia.
15. The Nobel Prize was received by Bunin:
a) in 1925 for the story “Sunstroke”;
b) in 1915 for the story “The Gentleman from San Francisco”;
c) in 1933 for the novel “The Life of Arsenyev”;
d) in 1938 for the cycle of stories “Dark Alleys”.
16. To which of the heroes of Kuprin’s story “The Garnet Bracelet” the following words belong:“Love must be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world! No life conveniences, calculations and compromises should concern her”?
a) Prince Shein;
b) official Zheltkov;
c) General Anosov;
d) Vera Sheina.
17. From what source did A. Kuprin take the plot of the story “Shulamith”?
a) an ancient legend;
b) Bible (Old Testament);
d) Icelandic sagas.
18. Why do the heroes of A. Kuprin’s story “Olesya” break up?
a) Ivan Timofeevich went to St. Petersburg on official business;
b) Olesya fell in love with another person;
c) Olesya is forced to leave her native place;
d) the policeman accused Olesya of theft.
Test execution can be checked with the help of assistants.
a in d
I V . Lesson summary.
V /Homework.
1. Oral report “The problem of man and civilization in the works of Kuprin and Bunin.”
The image of nature is organic for art world Kuprin and is inextricably linked with his concept of man. One can highlight a number of works by the writer in which nature occupies an important place. Such are the picturesque Polesie cycle, lyrical miniatures “Woodcocks”, “Night in the Forest”, reflections on natural phenomena - “Empty Cottages” (beginning of autumn), “Golden Rooster” (sunrise). This also includes a series of lyrical essays about Balaclava fishermen “Listrigons”.
For the first time, Kuprin’s concept of man and nature was recreated as something holistic in the works of the Polesie cycle, which was based on such stories as “The Wilderness of the Forest,” “Olesya,” and “On the Wood Grouses.” The unity of the cycle is largely due to the image of the narrator-hunter, through whose perception nature is depicted and who perceives it as real and at the same time mysterious and mysterious world, worthy of observation and comprehension, and equivalent to the human world in the general flow of being. The feeling of connection and kinship with this world causes the hero’s excitement: “he held his breath and froze,” “cautiously,” “trying not to make noise,” “he peered,” etc. Contact with the natural world becomes for the narrator not only an attempt to get closer to the mystery of the world , but also a way of moral purification. Nature helps him forget about everyday troubles and worries and plunge into a new stream of time. Kuprin's sense of nature is cosmic. The writer perceives it as an organic whole that has a direct connection with the human world. Left alone with nature, Kuprin's narrator experiences moments that allow him to feel the movement of time, which give a person the feeling of being included in the eternal flow of cosmic life. The winter landscape in the story “Olesya” takes on a philosophical coloring: “It was as quiet as it can be in the forest in winter on a windless day. Lush lumps of snow hanging on the branches pressed them down, giving them a wonderful, festive and cold look. From time to time a thin branch would fall from the top, and you could hear very clearly how, as it fell, it touched other branches with a slight crack. The snow turned pink in the sun and turned blue in the shade. I was overcome by the quiet charm of this solemn, cold silence, and it seemed to me that I felt time slowly and silently passing by me...” At the moment of communication with nature, Kuprin’s hero-storyteller is able to see the eternal in the momentary, to feel his participation in the whole. At this moment, the hero realizes himself as part of the Universe, embodied in the image of silence and silently flowing time, which give rise to a feeling of world harmony (“something harmonious, beautiful and tender”).
The image of nature is poeticized in “Oles”. Kuprin gives the hero the look of an artist, the ability to reveal the beauty of the world and see it where, it would seem, there is nothing remarkable. Thus, describing a forest road “black with mud” during the spring thaw, the hero notes that in the water, which was filled with numerous ruts and traces of horse hooves, “the fire of the evening dawn was reflected.” The hero sees nature as a fairy tale, magic, merging beauty moonlit night and the mystery of love in one beautiful moment of life: “And this whole night merged into some kind of magical, enchanting fairy tale. The moon rose, and its radiance, fancifully variegated and mysteriously colored the forest, lay among the darkness in uneven, bluish-pale spots on gnarled trunks, on curved branches, on moss soft, like a plush carpet. Thin trunks of birches turned white sharply and clearly, and on their sparse the foliage seemed to be covered with silvery, transparent, gaseous covers. And we walked, hugging, among this smiling living legend, without a single word, overwhelmed by our happiness and the silence of the forest.”
The problem of the relationship between man and nature is raised by Kuprin in the series of essays “Listrigons”, which emphasize the connection of man with natural life, the subordination of the work of fishermen to natural natural rhythms. The image of nature in “Listrigons” is emotionally charged. In descriptions of the night, sea, silence, starry sky, etc., the author often uses evaluative epithets, comparisons, and personifications. Kuprin shows in his work that the break between man and nature leads to the loss of cosmic connections and the inferiority of existence. Kuprin's hunting stories and descriptions of nature are presented to the reader as one of the attempts modern man restore the cosmic worldview, so relevant for our era.
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- Kuprin portrays true love as the highest value of the world, as an incomprehensible mystery. For such an all-consuming feeling there is no question “to be or not to be?” It is devoid of doubt, and therefore is often fraught with tragedy. “Love is always a tragedy,” wrote Kuprin, “always struggle and achievement, always joy and fear, resurrection and death.” Kuprin was deeply convinced that even an unrequited feeling can transform a person’s life. He wisely and touchingly spoke about this in “ Garnet bracelet", sad […]
- The mystery of love is eternal. Many writers and poets have tried unsuccessfully to unravel it. Russian artists dedicated words to the great feeling of love best pages of their works. Love awakens and incredibly strengthens best qualities in a person’s soul, makes him capable of creativity. The happiness of love cannot be compared with anything: the human soul flies, it is free and full of delight. The lover is ready to embrace the whole world, move mountains, powers are revealed in him that he did not even suspect about. Kuprin owns wonderful […]
- Fyodor Reshetnikov is a famous Soviet artist. Many of his works are dedicated to children. One of them is the painting “Boys”, it was painted in 1971. It can be divided into three parts. The main characters of this picture are three boys. It can be seen that they climbed onto the roof to be closer to the sky and stars. The artist managed to depict late evening very beautifully. Sky dark blue, but no stars are visible. Maybe that’s why the boys climbed onto the roof to see the first stars appear. On the background […]
- Kurt Vonnegut - famous American writer German origin, novelist and journalist. He is a classic and a legend of American culture, he is called a modern Mark Twain. The writer's ancestors came to America long before the appearance of the Statue of Liberty. Both Vonnegut’s grandfather and father were born in Indiana, but always felt “like Germans in America.” The future writer received his education at Cornell University in New York State. He started out as a biochemist, moving among young scientists and working closely with his native […]
- “The History of a City” can rightfully be considered the pinnacle of Saltykov-Shchedrin’s work. It was this work that brought him fame as a satirical writer, strengthening it for a long time. I believe that “The Story of a City” is one of the most unusual books dedicated to history Russian state. The originality of “The Story of a City” lies in the amazing combination of the real and the fantastic. The book was created as a parody of Karamzin’s “History of the Russian State.” Historians often wrote history “by kings,” which […]
- 1. Essay-reasoning Plan 1. The vices of society described by Chekhov a) “Accusatory” period in Chekhov’s work b) The idea of the story “Ionych” 2. Five stages of degradation of the main character of the story a) Reason spiritual fall Startseva 3. My attitude to the work The stories of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov are considered something like anecdotes. They always contain a huge share of satire and irony, but most often the works emanate kindness, you can feel that the author loves the characters he portrays. However, in life [...]
- Hello, dear Vladimir Vladimirovich. Fifth grade student Ivanova Irina Ivanovna is writing to you. I must say that I really like you as president and I hope that my letter will reach you. I, like many children my age, love animals and nature, so I am very concerned about its protection. I believe that by making numerous laws to protect people's rights, you forget about our nature. Unfortunately, nature reserves do not help enough in preserving nature, because while society is protecting [...]
- The novel by I.A. Goncharov is permeated with various opposites. The device of antithesis, on which the novel is built, helps to better understand the character of the characters and the author's intention. Oblomov and Stolz are two completely different personalities, but, as they say, opposites converge. They are connected by childhood and school, which you can learn about in the chapter “Oblomov’s Dream.” From it it becomes clear that everyone loved little Ilya, caressed him, and did not let him do anything on his own, although at first he was eager to do everything himself, but then they […]
- Language is distinctive feature every people. The Russian language must be studied and protected, as it is an important part of the development of civilization. The culture of Russian society is impossible without knowledge and understanding of the native language. Russian is the richest and most living language. Studying it sometimes baffles people from other countries. Great amount words, phrases and concepts require not only dry learning of words and rules, but also frequent practice. The same word can mean completely different things (bad or good, […]
- Every writer, when creating his work, be it a science fiction short story or a multi-volume novel, is responsible for the fate of the heroes. The author tries not only to talk about a person’s life, depicting its most striking moments, but also to show how the character of his hero was formed, under what conditions it developed, what features of the psychology and worldview of a particular character led to a happy or tragic ending. The ending of any work in which the author draws a peculiar line under a certain [...]
- Grigory Pechorin Maxim Maksimych Age Young, at the time of his arrival in the Caucasus he was about 25 years old Almost retired Military rank Officer of the Russian Imperial Army. Staff Captain Character Traits Anything new quickly gets boring. Suffering from boredom. In general, a young man, tired of life, jaded, is looking for a distraction in the war, but in just a month he gets used to the whistle of bullets and the roar of explosions, and begins to get bored again. I am sure that he brings nothing but misfortune to those around him, which strengthens his […]
- Essay plan 1. Introduction 2. The image of the cherry orchard in the work: a) What does the cherry orchard symbolize? b) Three generations in the play 3. Problems of the play a) Internal and external conflict 4. My attitude to the work For more than a century, the play “ The Cherry Orchard" The directors are always looking for something relevant in this comedy. this moment thoughts, and sometimes even put classic so that, probably, Anton Pavlovich himself could not [...]
- One of best works Bulgakov's story " dog's heart", written in 1925. Representatives of the authorities immediately assessed it as a poignant pamphlet on modernity and banned its publication. The theme of the story “Heart of a Dog” is the image of man and the world in a difficult transitional era. On May 7, 1926, a search was carried out in Bulgakov’s apartment, a diary and the manuscript of the story “Heart of a Dog” were confiscated. Attempts to return them led nowhere. Later, the diary and story were returned, but Bulgakov burned the diary and more […]
- At the center of F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment” is the character of the hero of the 60s. XIX century, commoner, poor student Rodion Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov commits a crime: he kills the old money-lender and her sister, the harmless, simple-minded Lizaveta. Murder is terrible crime, but the reader does not perceive Raskolnikov negative hero; he appears as a tragic hero. Dostoevsky endowed his hero with beautiful features: Raskolnikov was “remarkably good-looking, […]
- The silent scene in N. V. Gogol’s comedy “The Inspector General” is preceded by the denouement of the plot, Khlestakov’s letter is read, and the self-deception of the officials becomes clear. At this moment, what connected the heroes throughout the entire stage action - fear - goes away, and the unity of people disintegrates before our eyes. The terrible shock that the news of the arrival of the real auditor produced on everyone again unites people with horror, but this is no longer the unity of living people, but the unity of lifeless fossils. Their muteness and frozen poses show [...]