Own business: sunflower oil production. Technology and equipment for the production of sunflower oil. How it's made, how it works, how it works

Entrepreneurial activity, the main essence of which is the production of sunflower oil, is today highly popular among many businessmen, regardless of their experience and status.

This is due to the high demand for vegetable oil, which can be classified as an essential product. It is widely used in cooking for dressing salads, frying, and preserving certain foods. In addition, the oil is widely used in other industries: in the production of paint, soap, cosmetics and medicines.

Do you need licenses to open such a business?

Sunflower oil production in its simplest form involves pressing the seeds. This activity is not considered to be any kind of "super business". Therefore, in order to start your activity in this area, you will not need various licenses and all kinds of permits. It is possible to start working from a position individual by paying certain taxes.

Do not forget about the requirements imposed by sanitary and epidemiological services, fire organizations, water utilities, gas and electricity services. All these numerous organizations verify that the company opened by the entrepreneur is not harmful to health. In addition, it is necessary to be guided by all technical specifications so that the production of sunflower oil does not lead to less than pleasant consequences.

Waste-free vegetable oil

Vegetable, namely sunflower, oils are non-waste. That is, by-products, the appearance of which entails the release of oil from sunflower and other raw materials in the production process (husks, pulp, and scales), are sold in other production areas.

For example, the husks are used in the production of pellets, a popular pet food, which are pre-pressed into briquettes and supplied to consumers in this form.

One fact should be noted: the production of sunflower oil and its sale is the sphere of activity of small and medium-sized enterprises. This is due to the relatively low initial investment required to start a business. In addition, this type of production is characterized by instant payback.

The Importance of Creating a Business Plan

The technology for producing sunflower oil must be done correctly. A well-written business plan can help with this. It will need to identify all the main points that will be characteristic of this field of activity. It is also important to have a strategy.

And it is desirable that it be step-by-step. The strategy includes the following aspects: volumes of products produced, position of the enterprise, suppliers of raw materials, promising market, as well as the production process, degree of mechanization of the process, advice on hiring and employment requirements. A business plan, in which the production of sunflower oil will be considered in more detail, will allow you to correctly place the initial investment and organize profitable production of products.

Not only oil producers, but also those people who supply oil can make money in this area. They usually get raw materials for free, so for them this business is the most profitable. Despite the fact that there is currently a fairly large number of different oil mills, many novice entrepreneurs can quite easily make a profit from such production.

According to experts, it is possible to recoup all the funds spent on opening an oil production enterprise in about six months. And in some situations this can be done for more short terms. The main thing is to ensure a stable supply of all necessary raw materials, as well as to establish constant sales of manufactured products. And for this you need to know very well what the sunflower oil production technology includes.

Necessity for renting premises

Creating an enterprise for the production of vegetable oil is quite a labor-intensive task, since you will need to provide for a variety of little things. And one of the important problems that you will have to face in any case is the rental of industrial premises. They are necessary for processing raw materials and for bottling sunflower oil to occur without any problems. The area of ​​such premises will depend on the volume of products produced.

You will also need a workshop in which oil extraction and filtration will take place simultaneously. Naturally, you can rent two premises at once for these processes. However, it will cost much more.

You will need a room in which the cake will be stored. It is worth considering that it is prone to spontaneous combustion. This factor is quite important and must always be taken into account. To check the temperature of this product, a wooden stick is inserted into the cake. The moment it heats up, the products will need to be taken out to the cattle.

Key questions that will arise when starting your own business

The sunflower oil production line, namely its organization, requires finding an answer to two very important issues: where to get raw materials and how to sell the resulting products. It should be understood that finding a regular customer is an important component of this business activity. Only with its help can you sell all the products that will be created.

This business will be simpler if the entrepreneur is familiar with the field of trade. Selling oil in such a situation will simply fit into ready-made schemes. It is worth noting that it is not so difficult to find a client for the cake itself, since the demand for it is very high.

Before you open a business to create oil, you will need to find a supplier of seeds. It is best to do this in the autumn. Moreover, the closer the supplier is located to the location of the oil mill, the better.

You should not abandon your own policy if you decide to open an oil mill, for example, in a village. Every effort should be made to create a correct and positive reputation. To do this, you can allocate money for support educational institutions. Then the efficiency of entrepreneurship will double, if not more.

Description of vegetable oil production technology

Sunflower oil is produced in two forms: refined and unrefined. It varies in the degree of purification from impurities. For unrefined oil, only mechanical filtration is provided. Moreover, this type of oil has more valuable and beneficial properties.

Refined oil requires additional purification, including methods such as sedimentation, centrifugation, filtration, sulfate refining, bleaching, hydration, deodorization and freezing. After this treatment, the oil acquires a light shade and its odor is eliminated.

What stages can the technology for creating sunflower oil be divided into?

The entire sunflower oil production technology consists of the following steps:

1. Sunflower oil production.
2. Cleaning sunflower seeds from husks by separating them in a special apparatus.
3. Speleotourism and cleaning of kernels from husks in crusher-winter machines.
4. Passing sunflower seeds through a roller device and obtaining mint.
5. The mint goes into a roasting pan, which can be either steam or fire. In addition, fryers may differ from each other in terms of performance and cost.
6. The processed mint passes to screw presses. The oil obtained after pressing is sent for settling and subsequently mechanical filtration.
7. The pulp that remains after pressing is sent for extraction into a special machine. Using a solvent, the residual oil extractor is driven through.
8. The finished product is packaged in various containers, often plastic bottles various sizes. This process is carried out on complex lines for bottling vegetable oil.

The quality of manufactured products plays a very high role

Small businesses are characterized by so-called march production, which can occur even if there is only one bag of seeds available. More this type production is called preliminary oil removal. This scheme is common for those entrepreneurs who have just started their activities.

The processing of mint has the greatest influence on the quality of products, because in modern world people are concerned not only about the taste of the product, but also about its quality. Many have long understood that light oils are of better quality, and dark oils are harmful, since they contain high levels of carcinogens.

If the temperature in the frying pan is more than one hundred twenty degrees, the main nutrients, including vitamin E, will be completely destroyed. Therefore, the sunflower oil filter plays a very important role. Much will depend on his choice.

Use of specialized equipment in production

Screw devices are especially popular in the production of sunflower oil. They provide a sufficiently high temperature through friction. However, it does not rise above 120 degrees. Based on this, we can say that such equipment for the production of sunflower oil does not require any additional fryer.

In addition, the presses available in screw systems are capable of pressing the seeds directly with the husk. Before processing, the seeds will need to be winnowed and passed through a special device called a calibrator. With its help, all unnecessary and large debris will be removed.

Equipment for the production of sunflower oil, such as extruder presses, which operate on the principle of meat grinders, consists of large quantity parts. Among them, the following should be highlighted:

1. feeding part;
2. grinding part;
3. final spin.

What needs to be done with the oil before selling it?

It is recommended to pre-cool the oil obtained by pressing to approximately sixty degrees. If this is not done, it will begin to absorb moisture and oxygen. Accordingly, the quality will deteriorate.

After pressing, the oil is processed. The first two stages of its processing are refining. The oil is refined using various impurities and wax. There are two purification options: the first is sedimentation, the second is filtration. The first method, according to some experts, is the best. Oil settling occurs at a temperature environment, equal to twenty degrees for seven days.

What are the available filtration methods?

To speed up this process and not fill the room area with a variety of containers, you can simply filter the oil. Pre-filtration is carried out after the oil is cooled to sixty degrees. And when cooled to twenty degrees, filtration occurs at a more thorough level. This process is called fine filtration.

Filters that are used in food production are also suitable for pumping oil. The most popular are the so-called frame filters. They consist of several layers of cotton fabric. Such material, of course, is quickly consumed. You can purchase it from suppliers of similar equipment or in various other places - it is not in short supply.

There is another filtration method called vacuum. In this situation, the oil will be drawn through those layers of material that are filtered by vacuum force. In this case, all garbage will be removed. This filtration causes the oil to become lighter in color. In addition, it has a long shelf life.

What should you remember if you want to start producing oil?

How much can it cost to set up a sunflower oil production line? Creating such an activity costs a considerable investment. And if you have a desire to gain a foothold in this area, then it is best to register as an agricultural producer. In such a situation entrepreneurial activity will be subsidized by numerous tax benefits.

As practice has shown, you should process either your own grown or purchased seeds. The cost of sunflower oil, namely its production, in this case can be reduced.

However, in some situations problems may arise due to an oversupply of such raw materials in specialized markets. Therefore, there is no need to turn away from the opportunity to provide other companies with services related to the processing of existing raw materials.

Choosing the right equipment necessary for the production of sunflower oil is not an easy task. Especially for a person far from the technology of processing agricultural products and oilseed crops, in particular. A mistake made at this fundamental stage of production can call into question the success of the entire enterprise, which can be very profitable if organized correctly.

Benefits of vegetable oil production

More than 40% of the total production of sunflower oil in the territory Russian Federation falls on medium and small businesses. The cost of entering the market is relatively low, which makes it possible to establish the manufacturing process even for successful farms. Despite high competition, demand for vegetable oil quite large, and the situation is developing towards increasing market demand for these products.

Even if there is no possibility of sales on the domestic market, it can always be sold abroad (Europe, Turkey), where there are no difficulties with sales. The options for using vegetable oil are quite varied and are not limited only to cooking. It is used in industries such as:

• paint and varnish industry (solvents, oil paints);
• production of cosmetics and medicine (creams, ointments);
• soap making;
• canning industry.

Another one of positive qualities– this is waste-free production. Sunflower seed husks, obtained by hulling (cleaning), are used for the manufacture of building materials and as raw materials for heating briquettes and. After processing, cake and meal can be used as a valuable feed additive in livestock farming.

In addition, the costs of processing all waste (loading, transportation, storage) in the financial statements are included in the cost of the final product, that is, they are carried out as an expense part, and not as a profitable one. This allows for some tax optimization.

To obtain vegetable oil, peeled and ground sunflower seeds, the so-called mint, are used. The most inexpensive and at the same time environmentally friendly way to extract oil is pressing. A more modern, technologically advanced and cost-effective method is extraction.

Production methods:

• hot pressing;
• cold pressing;
• extraction.

The prepared mass of sunflower seeds is heated to the required temperature, then squeezed with a special oil press.

Cold pressing. The difference from the first method is that there is no stage of heating the raw material mass. The result is an oil in which greatest number substances useful for humans.

However, this method allows you to obtain no more than 70% of the finished product by weight of the seeds. In addition, cold-pressed vegetable oil cannot be stored for a long time without additional processing. It quickly turns bitter, becomes cloudy, sediment appears in it, and when frying, this oil foams and smokes.

The method involves processing pulp on oil extraction lines. During the processing process, special substances are introduced into the raw materials - extractors (extraction gasoline, acetone, hexane and some others), they come into contact with oil particles and are easily separated from the total mass, after which the extractors are evaporated and a pure product remains. The method is attractive because it allows you to extract up to 97% of the oil.

The quantity and quality of oil depends directly on the raw materials received for processing. The seeds must be ripe, fairly dry (humidity no more than 6%), and have a high oil content. The production of sunflower oil involves a number of production stages.

Preparation for pressing

Before starting any work with sunflower seeds, they must be cleaned of contaminants. The amount of foreign content should not exceed 1%. Separators are used to separate seeds from impurities. The process involves sifting the raw materials through several sieves:

• Magnetic traps are used to remove metal foreign objects;
• after separating the seeds from contaminants, they must be dried;
• Most often, drying is carried out in three stages. In the first two stages, the raw material is dried to the required humidity, and in the third stage it is cooled.

The dry seed is fed to a crushing machine, where it undergoes initial hulling (hulling). This process is carried out using disc mills, and the output is an incompletely purified seed. Final cleaning is carried out on aspiration winnowers.

The seeds are subjected to blowing with a powerful air stream, as a result of which the remaining husks and other foreign impurities are removed. The peeled seeds are sent for grinding (rolling). As a result of grinding the seeds on a five-roller machine, a homogeneous mass, mint, is obtained. When producing sunflower oil by hot pressing, before pressing, the mint is heated to the required temperature in special roasting pans.

Pressing and extraction

The heated (or in the case of cold pressing, unheated) mass, also called pulp, is sent to a screw press for extraction. The pressed vegetable oil is cooled and filtered to remove mechanical impurities. After pressing, “raw” oil and cake are obtained. The cake after hot pressing contains 10–15% oil, after cold pressing up to 30%. It can be used as a valuable raw material or further processed:

• The cake is first crushed using crushing equipment, then using a roller machine;
• after that, special substances are added to it - extractors (gasoline, hexane, acetone, dichloroethane);
• then the resulting mass is squeezed out;
• dry residue from the second pressing – meal contains 2–5% oil and can be used as a feed additive for animals;
• From the squeezed mixture - micelles, oil is extracted by evaporating extraction additives.

After all the above-described manipulations, unrefined vegetable oil is obtained, ready for sale as a food product. It is also the basis for the production of all known varieties of vegetable oil, obtained by additional purification of the unrefined product. These are methods such as:

• settling;
• filtration;
• centrifuge cleaning;
• alkaline refining;
• freezing;
• whitening;
• hydration;
• sulfuric acid refining;
• deodorization.

Bottling and packaging

The finished product is poured into containers and, if necessary, packaged. 200–250 liter barrels or 0.5–6 liter plastic bottles are used as containers. Products in bottles are in greater demand than in barrels, unless, of course, the company is engaged in the production of technical grades of oil.

What equipment will be required for production

To set up the production of vegetable oil, you need the following equipment:

• Scales. In order to correctly load each of the processing units, it is necessary to comply with the dosage.
• Separators and magnetic traps. They are used to clean seeds from foreign impurities and metal objects.
• Distribution bins. After cleaning in the separator, the seeds are loaded into bunkers for subsequent delivery to drying units.
• Dryer. In this equipment, the moisture content of the peeled seeds is reduced and then cooled.
• Disc mill. For initial peeling (crushing).
• Aspiration fan. Final cleaning.
• Rolling unit for grinding sunflower seeds.
• Brazier. Hot pressing involves heating the ground seeds. There are two types of roasters: fire and steam.
• Fryer for heat treatment. Does not expose mint to high temperatures. It is used for cold pressing of mint.
• Screw oil press. Extracts the prepared mass of sunflower seeds.
• Oil extraction line. A set of equipment for obtaining vegetable oil by extraction.
• Filter for removing mechanical impurities. After passing through this filter, raw unrefined oil is obtained.
• Refining line (additional purification).

Approximate prices for equipment

For production you will need the following set:

• The cost of a separator that can process approximately 1 ton of raw materials per hour is $1,400.
• The fan-washing machine will cost $3,000. Capacity is the same as the separator (ton per hour).
• Roller machine. Equipment capable of accepting products processed by a separator and a crusher-fan machine, $14,000.
• Fire brazier. To provide a line with the processing of 1 ton of raw materials per hour, 3 fryers costing $3,000 each are required.
• Steam fryer. $12,000. Productivity is 0.8 tons of raw materials per hour, which corresponds to a line with an initial mass of raw materials of 1 ton.
• Fryer for producing cold-pressed vegetable oil (capacity 1 ton per hour) – $14,000.
• A press for squeezing raw materials capable of processing the above-described volumes. Capacity: 20 tons of oil per day. The price is about $24,000.
• The primary filter costs $3000.
• Equipment for refining – more than $15,000.
• Extraction equipment – ​​$17,000 (productivity 0.5 tons of oil per hour).
• Line for bottling plastic bottles – $13,000 (capacity 10,000 liters per day).

Description of the stages of vegetable oil production.

Very often the question arises - what is the difference between unrefined cold-pressed oil and the refined oil that many are accustomed to, sold on store shelves. To answer this question, Let us consider in detail the production process and its varieties.

Seed processing. The quality of sunflower oil depends on the quality of sunflower seeds supplied for processing, the timing and conditions of storing the seeds before pressing. The main qualitative characteristics of sunflower seeds are oil content, moisture content, and ripening period. Oil content depends on the sunflower variety and how warm and sunny the summer was. The higher the oil content of the seeds, the greater the oil yield. The optimal percentage of moisture content for sunflower seeds supplied for processing is 6%. Seeds that are too wet are stored poorly and are heavier. The ripening period in our climatic conditions- Very important factor, which indirectly affects the price of sunflower oil. Peak production and supply of finished vegetable oil is October – December. And the peak of demand is the end of summer - beginning of autumn. Accordingly, the earlier the raw materials are received, the faster the finished product will reach the consumer. In addition, the seeds must be well cleaned, the debris content should not exceed 1%, and broken grain - 3%. Before processing, additional cleaning, drying, collapsing (destruction) of the seed skin and separating it from the kernel are carried out. Then the seeds are crushed to form mint or pulp.

Extraction (production) of sunflower oil. Vegetable oil from sunflower seed mint is obtained by 2 methods - pressing or extraction. Oil extraction is a more environmentally friendly way. Although the oil yield, of course, is much less and does not exceed 30%. As a rule, before squeezing, the mint is heated at 100-110 °C in a roasting pan, while simultaneously stirring and moistening. Then the fried mint is squeezed out in screw presses. The completeness of the extraction of vegetable oil depends on the pressure, viscosity and density of the oil, the thickness of the mint layer, the duration of the extraction and other factors. The characteristic taste of the oil after hot pressing is reminiscent of toasted sunflower seeds. Oils obtained by hot pressing are more intensely colored and flavored due to the decomposition products that are formed during heating. A cold pressed sunflower oil obtained from mint without heating. The advantage of this oil is that it retains most of the beneficial substances: antioxidants, vitamins, lecithin. The negative point is that such a product cannot be stored for a long time, it quickly becomes cloudy and goes rancid. The cake remaining after oil extraction can be extracted or used in animal husbandry. Sunflower oil obtained by pressing is called raw, because after pressing it is only settled and filtered. This product has high taste and nutritional properties.

Extraction of sunflower oil. The production of sunflower oil by extraction involves the use of organic solvents (most often extraction gasolines) and is carried out in special apparatus - extractors. During extraction, miscella is obtained - a solution of oil in a solvent and a fat-free solid residue - meal. The solvent is distilled from the miscella and meal in distillers and screw evaporators. The finished oil is settled, filtered and further processed. The extraction method of extracting oils is more economical, as it allows you to extract fat from raw materials as much as possible - up to 99%.

Sunflower oil refining. Refined oil has virtually no color, taste or smell. This oil is also called impersonal. Its nutritional value is determined only by the minimal presence of essential fatty acids (mainly linoleic and linolenic), which are also called vitamin F. This vitamin is responsible for the synthesis of hormones and maintaining immunity. It gives stability and elasticity to blood vessels, reduces the body's sensitivity to ultraviolet rays and radioactive radiation, regulates the contraction of smooth muscles, and performs many other vital functions. In the production of vegetable oil, there are several stages of refining.

First stage of refining. Getting rid of mechanical impurities is by settling, filtration and centrifugation, after which the vegetable oil goes on sale as a commercial unrefined oil.

Second stage of refining. Removal of phosphatides or hydration - treatment with a small amount of hot water - up to 70 ° C. As a result, protein and mucous substances, which can lead to rapid spoilage of the oil, swell, precipitate and are removed. Neutralization is the action of a base (lye) on the heated oil. This step removes free fatty acids, which catalyze oxidation and cause smoke during frying. The neutralization stage also removes heavy metals and pesticides. Unrefined oil has a slightly lower biological value than raw oil, since some phosphatides are removed during hydration, but it can be stored longer. This treatment makes the vegetable oil transparent, after which it is called commercial hydrated.

Third stage of refining. Removal of free fatty acids. If the content of these acids is excessive, vegetable oil develops an unpleasant taste. Vegetable oil that has gone through these three stages is called refined, non-deodorized.

Fourth stage of refining. Bleaching is the treatment of oil with adsorbents of organic origin (most often special clays) that absorb coloring components, after which the fat is clarified. Pigments pass into the oil from the seeds and also threaten oxidation of the finished product. After bleaching, there are no pigments left in the oil, including carotenoids, and it becomes light straw-colored.

Fifth stage of refining. Deodorization is the removal of aromatic substances by exposing sunflower oil to hot dry steam at a temperature of 170-230°C under vacuum conditions. During this process, odorous substances that lead to oxidation are destroyed. Removing the above undesirable impurities leads to the possibility of increasing the shelf life of the oil.

Sixth stage of refining. Freezing – removal of waxes. All seeds are covered with wax, this is a kind of protection against natural factors. Waxes make the oil cloudy, especially when sold on the street during the cold season, and thereby spoil its presentation. During the freezing process, the oil turns colorless. Having gone through all the stages, the vegetable oil becomes impersonal. Margarine, mayonnaise, cooking fats are made from this product, and used for canning. Therefore, it should not have a specific taste or smell, so as not to disturb the overall taste of the product.

Sunflower oil reaches the shelves as the following products: Refined, non-deodorized oil - outwardly transparent, but with a characteristic odor and color. Refined deodorized oil is transparent, light yellow, odorless and tasteless. Unrefined oil- darker than bleached, maybe with sediment or suspension, but nevertheless it went through filtration and, of course, retained the smell that we all know from childhood.

In this article:

Since the time when Peter 1 brought an unknown overseas flower to the territory of Russia, sunflower oil has occupied a leading position among essential goods. The volume of the Russian sunflower oil market is growing rapidly every year, the annual increase is about 3%, and in value terms - 82 billion rubles. Finished products are manufactured not only by large corporations and companies, but also by farms.

The demand for sunflower oil is stable and not subject to seasonality, therefore, with competent marketing, pricing policy production of sunflower oil in Russia – profitable business, the organization of which requires investment. A special advantage of this type of business is the opportunity to obtain an additional source of funds when selling production waste.

Features of sunflower oil production

Before you start organizing a private enterprise for the production of sunflower oil, you need to familiarize yourself with the features of its production.

Based on technological characteristics, the entire process of sunflower oil production can be divided into the following main stages:

1. Storing and cleaning oil seeds– includes the processing of seed mass from organic, mineral and oilseed impurities.

Seed cleaning is carried out using special equipment: separators, destoners, aspirators.

Seed mass can be processed using the following methods:

• by sifting through a sieve with holes of various shapes and sizes;
• by blowing the seeds with air;
• due to the separation of seeds according to ferromagnetic properties.

2. Preparation and processing of oil seeds for oil extraction– includes separating seeds by size, conditioning the seeds, dehulling the seeds, separating the kernel from the shell and crushing the kernels.

Peeling of the oil seed shell can be carried out in the following ways:

• due to shell splitting by impact;
• compression of the shell;
• cutting the seed shell;
• as a result of peeling the shell on a rough surface. Therefore, equipment for the production of sunflower oil at enterprises can be varied, depending on the method of hulling the shells of oil seeds.

3. Direct oil extraction– can be carried out by pressing or extraction. But based on these two methods, the following production process schemes can be developed at sunflower oil production enterprises:

• single pressing;
• double pressing followed by squeezing;
• cold pressing;
• extraction;
• direct extraction.

4. Sunflower oil refining a – the process of purifying oil from accompanying impurities. The following refining methods exist:

• physical;
• chemical;
• physico-chemical.

5. Bottling– carried out in transport containers. In modern enterprises, sunflower oil bottling is carried out on automatic lines, which include a molding, filling, sealing, and labeling machine.

6. Packaging and labeling of finished products– oil in polymer bottles is hermetically sealed and labeled.

The technological flow diagram for the production of sunflower oil is shown in the diagram below.

Regulatory documents regulating the activities of enterprises producing sunflower oil

In order to open a sunflower oil production plant, you need to familiarize yourself with the following: regulatory documents regulating activities:

• SanPiN 1197-74 – sanitary rules for enterprises producing vegetable oils;
• GOST 22391-77 – standards regulating the quality of sunflower seeds supplied to the plant;
• GOST 1129-73* - document regulating the quality of sunflower oil;
• GOST 22391-89 – storage standards for oilseed raw materials (“Sunflower. Requirements for procurement and supply”).

Sunflower oil production technology

On the Russian market, the greatest demand is for refined sunflower oil, which is odorless, tasteless and colorless. Therefore, many sunflower oil production enterprises produce this type of product. The process of manufacturing refined sunflower oil includes the following steps:

1. Oil extraction– carried out in presses under high pressure. The raw materials are pre-heated in special fryers at a temperature of about 110° C. If the company produces oil as a result of cold pressing, then the raw materials are not previously subjected to heat treatment. The cake obtained during the oil extraction process is used in animal husbandry. Therefore, by selling the cake, enterprises receive an additional source of income.

2. Oil refining– occurs during the following stages:

• elimination of mechanical impurities as a result of settling, centrifugation or filtration. At this stage of refining, unrefined sunflower oil is obtained;
• processing vegetable oil with hot water eliminates phosphatides;
• the removal of fatty acids makes it possible to obtain refined, non-deodorized sunflower oil;
• deodorization allows you to remove pigments, volatile compounds, odor and makes the vegetable oil light in color;
• freezing – during this process the waxes are removed.

3. Packaging and labeling of finished goods.

Equipment for the production of sunflower oil

The purchase of a set of equipment or lines for the production of sunflower oil depends on the capacity of the plant, so it is advisable to make the following conclusions:

• If the plant must produce about 30 tons of finished products per day, then it is necessary to purchase an oil extraction and refining line. A sunflower oil production line costs an average of 1.5 million euros, excluding installation costs.
• If the enterprise’s productivity is 5-10 tons of sunflower oil per day, then it is advisable to purchase each type of equipment separately. On average, the total cost of equipment will be about 7,000,000 rubles.

Business plan for sunflower oil production

This business plan includes the organization of a workshop with a productivity of 5-10 tons daily.

Equipment costs assume:

• Purchase of an oil production line – 2,000,000 rubles;
• Purchase of a refining line – 2,100,000 rubles;
• Purchase of a packaging line – 2,200,000 rubles.

Total total costs for a set of equipment are: 6,300,000 rubles.

The cost of installation and delivery of equipment to the workshop will be: 2,150,000 rubles.

Working capital, including the purchase of raw materials, monthly expenses and other costs are: 3,600,000 rubles.

General capital costs for organizing a workshop for the production of sunflower oil is: 12,050,000 rubles. Next, it is necessary to establish the area of ​​the premises for the placement of production equipment, storage of raw materials and a warehouse for finished products.

To install a sunflower oil extraction line, you need a room with an area of ​​at least 55 square meters. m.

To install a refining line, a workshop with an area of ​​more than 100 square meters is required. m.

Installation of a line for packaging finished products requires a room of 60 square meters. m.

In total, to organize an enterprise for the production of sunflower oil, the following is required:

• More than 220 sq. m for industrial premises;
• More than 200 sq. m for storage space.

To ensure the smooth operation of the enterprise, only 25 workers are needed, the general fund wages which will amount to 417,000 rubles monthly.

Number of shifts per month for workers: 30.

Total monthly expenses for the enterprise are: 760,000 rubles.

Monthly revenue– 5,900,000 rubles.

Cost – 4,700,000 rubles.

The profitability of the enterprise is 8%.

Payback period – 2 years and 1 month.

The high profitability of the enterprise indicates that the production of sunflower oil is a profitable business, the payback period of which is only 2 years.

Organization of a mini-churn for the production of sunflower oil

Setting up a mini-churn to produce sunflower oil requires minimal capital investment.

After all, the cost of an oil churn with a capacity of 10 - 17 l/hour can vary in the price range: $200-400, an oil purification filter costs about $100-200, purchase costs additional tools and products will be only $100. Therefore, many agricultural producers organize the activities of private mini-churns.

The main equipment for a mini-enterprise is a butter churn

A modern butter churn is a press extruder that looks like a meat grinder. The design of the extruder press includes three parts:

• Seed supply hopper;
• Screw part, grinding oil seeds;
• Nozzle for squeezing oil.

The resulting sunflower oil from the churn must be filtered. If production volumes are small, then canvas bags can be used for filtration. After the oil has been filtered, it is necessary to settle it and after some time drain it into a container. The remaining sediment can be filtered again. If the churn has a higher productivity, then it is necessary to purchase special filters for purifying sunflower oil.

It is advisable to open a mini-enterprise when its owner grows sunflowers on his own. Thanks to this, there will be no costs for the purchase of raw materials and their transportation.