This is a sensitive topic, well, the most important ideas, main problems, plot cores and - most importantly - the balance of forces that bring about good and evil are essentially the same in fairy tales different nations. In this sense, any fairy tale knows no boundaries, it is for all of humanity. Folklore has devoted a lot of research to the fairy tale, but defining it as one of the oral genres folk art still remains an open problem. The heterogeneity of fairy tales, the wide thematic range, the variety of motives and characters contained in them, the countless number of ways to resolve conflicts really make the task genre definition fairy tales are very complex. And yet, the divergence in views on a fairy tale is associated with what is regarded as the main thing in it: an orientation towards fiction or the desire to reflect reality through fiction. The essence and vitality of a fairy tale, the secret of its magical existence is in the constant combination of two elements of meaning: fantasy and truth. On this basis, a classification of types of fairy tales arises, although not entirely uniform. Thus, with a problem-thematic approach, fairy tales dedicated to animals, tales about unusual and supernatural events, adventure tales, social and everyday tales, anecdote tales, upside-down tales and others are distinguished. The groups of fairy tales do not have sharply defined boundaries, but despite the fragility of the demarcation, such a classification allows you to start a substantive conversation with the child about fairy tales within the framework of a conventional “system” - which, of course, makes the work of parents and educators easier.
Today the following classification of Russians is accepted: folk tales:
1. Tales about animals;
2. Fairy tales;
3. Everyday tales. Let's take a closer look at each of the species. Tales about animals Folk poetry embraced the whole world, its object was not only man, but also all living things on the planet. By depicting animals, the fairy tale gives them human features, but at the same time it records and characterizes their habits, “way of life,” etc. Hence the lively, intense text of fairy tales.
Man has long felt a kinship with nature; he truly was a part of it, fighting with it, seeking its protection, sympathizing and understanding. The later introduced fable, parable meaning of many fairy tales about animals is also obvious. In fairy tales about animals, fish, animals, birds act, they talk to each other, declare war on each other, make peace. The basis of such tales is totemism (belief in a totem animal, the patron of the clan), which resulted in the cult of the animal. For example, the bear, which became the hero of fairy tales, according to the ideas of the ancient Slavs, could predict the future. He was often thought of as a terrible, vengeful beast, unforgiving of insults (the fairy tale “The Bear”). The further the belief in this goes, the more confident a person becomes in his abilities, the more possible is his power over the animal, the “victory” over him. This happens, for example, in the fairy tales “The Man and the Bear” and “The Bear, the Dog and the Cat.” Fairy tales differ significantly from beliefs about animals - in the latter, fiction associated with paganism plays a large role. The wolf is believed to be wise and cunning, the bear is terrible. The fairy tale loses its dependence on paganism and becomes a mockery of animals. Mythology in it turns into art. The fairy tale is transformed into a kind of artistic joke - a criticism of those creatures that are meant by animals. Hence the closeness of such tales to fables ("The Fox and the Crane", "Beasts in the Pit"). Tales about animals stand out in a special group by nature characters. They are divided by type of animal. This also includes tales about plants, inanimate nature (frost, sun, wind), and objects (a bubble, a straw, a bast shoe). In fairy tales about animals, man:
1) plays minor role(the old man from the fairy tale “The Fox Steals Fish from the Cart”);
2) occupies a position equivalent to an animal (the man from the fairy tale “The old bread and salt is forgotten”). Possible classification of a fairy tale about animals. First of all, a fairy tale about animals is classified according to the main character (thematic classification). This classification is given in the index of fairy-tale plots of world folklore compiled by Arne-Thomson and in the “Comparative Index of Plots. East Slavic Fairy Tale”: 1. Wild animals.
- Fox.
- Other wild animals.
2. Wild and domestic animals
3. Man and wild animals.
4. Pets.
5. Birds and fish.
6. Other animals, objects, plants and natural phenomena. The next possible classification of a fairy tale about animals is a structural-semantic classification, which classifies the fairy tale according to genre. There are several genres in a fairy tale about animals. V. Ya. Propp identified such genres as: 1. Cumulative tale about animals.
3. Fable (apologist)
4. Satirical tale E. A. Kostyukhin identified genres about animals as: 1. Comic (everyday) tale about animals
2. A fairy tale about animals
3. Cumulative tale about animals
4. A short story about animals
5. Apologist (fable)
6. Anecdote.
Types of fairy tales
It is customary to distinguish 6 main types of fairy tales, each of which has its own purpose and special therapeutic effect:
These tales contain centuries-old wisdom, which the people put into them thanks to their own bitter experience. This also includes original stories, which are essentially the same fairy tales, parables, and myths. A fictional tale has a didactic, psychotherapeutic and psychocorrectional effect. Initially, it was not created for treatment at all, but today this type stories have been successfully used by a huge number of psychotherapists.
2. Folk tale.
The oldest folk tales are usually called myths. The oldest basis of fairy tales and myths is the unity of nature and man. In ancient consciousness, it was customary to revive human relationships and feelings (grief, love, suffering, etc.), to personalize them. The same approach is used today in fairy tale therapy.
Fairy tale plots:
Among the huge variety fairy tales The following scenes can be distinguished:
- Tales about animals and relationships with them.
An interesting fact is that children under 5 years of age identify themselves with animals and try to be like them in many ways, therefore, in this period of life, fairy tales about animals will be more understandable and close to them. life experience, contained in stories about animals.
- Everyday tales.
They often talk about difficulties in family life, and also offers solutions to conflicts. In this type of fairy tales, the main emphasis is on a healthy sense of humor and on the leadership of common sense regarding troubles and adversities. They introduce us to little family tricks that can make life better. Such tales are optimal when working not only with preschoolers, but also with teenagers.
- Tales of transformations.
We all know the sad story about The ugly duckling, who eventually won his place in life and the team. These stories are great for working with those who have low self-esteem or for working with adopted children.
- Scary tales.
In these fairy tales there are various evil spirits - ghouls, witches, ghouls and others. In all nations, in the children's subculture, a special place is given to horror tales, which allow children to heal on their own. This method of self-therapy invites the child to reproduce and experience a terrible situation in a fairy tale many times, thanks to which children get rid of accumulated tension and master new ways of responding to the problem. To increase a child’s resistance to stress and relieve him of tension, it is recommended to tell horror stories to a group of children and adolescents (at least 7 years old). However, when conducting such an activity, it is necessary to observe 2 important rules: The story should be told in a “scary” voice, and the end of the story should be very unexpected and very funny.
- Fairy tales.
These stories are ideal for children aged 6-7 years. It is a fairy tale that helps create a “concentrate” of wisdom in the subconscious and assimilate information about the spiritual development of the individual.
To successfully combat internal experiences, it is best to choose original fairy tales. Despite the fact that they contain too much large number the author’s own projections and experiences, this allows the child to penetrate deeper into the problem and find a way to solve it.
4. Didactic fairy tale.
Various educational tasks are often framed in the form of these fairy tales. For example, there are mathematical tasks written in the form of a didactic fairy tale. Solving an example in such a task means passing a test, coping with difficulties. Solving a series of examples can lead the hero to success and finally overcome the problem.
5. Psychocorrectional tale.
Actually, this is a fairy tale that helps to correct certain patterns of behavior in children. But in order for it to lead to the expected result, it is necessary to adhere to the basic principles when creating it:
It should be based on the same problem as the child’s, but veiled, without direct resemblance to it.
In a fairy tale, it is necessary to offer the child a substitute experience, with the help of which the child can choose one or another course of action in order to solve his problem.
Life of a fairy tale - continuous creative process. Every new era partial or complete update occurs fairy tale plot. When it concerns a rearrangement of ideological accents, a new fairy-tale version arises. This feature of the fairy tale requires careful study of each fairy tale text.
In a fairy tale, there are constant values that have developed as a result of its traditional nature, and variables that have arisen as a result of endless retellings.
The most important feature of a fairy tale is its special form of construction, its special poetics. Narrativeness and plot, an orientation towards fiction and edification, a special form of narration - these signs are found in various genres epic cycle.
A fairy tale as an artistic whole exists only as a combination of these features. Fairy tales in general were one of the most important areas of folk poetic art, which had not only ideological and artistic, but also enormous pedagogical and educational value. The divergence in views on a fairy tale is associated with what is regarded as the main thing in it: an orientation toward fiction or the desire to reflect reality through fiction.
However, as often happens in science, the lack classical definition is not reflected at all on the phenomenon itself and has very little effect on life in the public consciousness. The essence and vitality of a fairy tale, the secret of its magical existence is in the constant combination of two elements of meaning: fantasy and truth.
On this basis, a classification of types of fairy tales arises, although not entirely uniform.
Classification of fairy tales (according to T.D. Zinkevich-Evstigneeva):
· psychotherapeutic tales;
· meditative tales.
Classification of fairy tales (according to V.Ya. Propp):
· magical;
· adventurous;
· household;
· tales about animals;
· cumulative.
The most widespread classification of fairy tales is based on the problem-thematic approach, which distinguishes:
· fairy tales dedicated to animals;
· fairy tales;
· social and household;
· fairy tales of mixed type.
The groups of fairy tales do not have sharply defined boundaries, but, despite the fragility of the demarcation, such a classification allows you to start a substantive conversation with the child about fairy tales within the framework of a conventional “system” - which, of course, makes the work of parents, educators or teachers easier.
The following can be said about fairy tales included in the reading range of younger schoolchildren.
Tales about animals. Folk poetry embraced the whole world; its object was not only man, but also all living things on the planet. By depicting animals, the fairy tale gives them human traits, but at the same time it records and characterizes their habits, “way of life,” etc. Hence the lively, intense text of fairy tales. These are the fairy tales “The Gray Neck” by D. Mamin-Sibiryak, “The Frog Traveler” by V. M. Garshin, “The Three Bears” by L. Tolstoy, “The First Hunt” by V. Bianki, “Rikki Tikki Tavi” by Kipling, “The Fox the Lapotnitsa” » V.I.Dal.
Man has long felt a kinship with nature; he truly was a part of it, fighting with it, seeking its protection, sympathizing and understanding. The later introduced fable, parable meaning of many fairy tales about animals is also obvious.
Fairy tales. Fairy tales of the fairy type include magical, adventure, and heroic. At the heart of such fairy tales is a wonderful world. The wonderful world is an objective, fantastic, unlimited world. Thanks to unlimited fantasy and a wonderful principle of organizing material in fairy tales with a wonderful world of possible “transformation”, amazing in their speed (children grow by leaps and bounds, every day they become stronger or more beautiful). Not only the speed of the process is surreal, but also its very character (from the fairy tale “The Snow Maiden”). “Look, the Snow Maiden’s lips turned pink, her eyes opened. Then she shook off the snow and a living girl came out of the snowdrift.” "Conversion" in fairy tales of the miraculous type usually occurs with the help of magical creatures or objects. So, in the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin, Prince Guidon turns to his assistant for help and she turns him into a mosquito, a fly, or a bumblebee.
Basically, fairy tales are older than others; they bear traces of a person’s primary acquaintance with the world around him. Fairy tales with elements of magic include C. Perrault “The Little Thumb”, G. H. Andersen “Thumbelina”, P. P. Bazhov “The Jumping Fire Girl”, S. T. Aksakov “ Scarlet flower».
Everyday tales. A characteristic feature of everyday fairy tales is the reproduction of everyday life in them. The conflict of an everyday fairy tale often consists in the fact that decency, honesty, nobility under the guise of simplicity and naivety is opposed to those personality qualities that have always caused sharp rejection among the people (greed, anger, envy).
As a rule, in everyday fairy tales there is more irony and self-irony, since good triumphs, but the randomness or singularity of its victory is emphasized. These include “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda” by A.S. Pushkin, “Masha the Confused” by L. Voronkova, D. Mamin-Sibiryak “The Tale of the Brave Hare - Long Ears, Slanting Eyes, Short Tail.”
The diversity of “everyday” fairy tales is characteristic: social-everyday, satirical-everyday, novelistic and others. Unlike fairy tales, an everyday fairy tale contains a more significant element of social and moral criticism, she is more definite in her social preferences. Praise and condemnation sound stronger in everyday fairy tales.
Fairy tales of mixed type. IN lately V methodological literature Information began to appear about a new type of fairy tales - fairy tales of a mixed type. Of course, fairy tales of this type have existed for a long time, but they have not been given of great importance, because they forgot how much they can help in achieving educational, educational and developmental goals. In general, fairy tales of a mixed type are fairy tales of a transitional type.
They combine features inherent in fairy tales with a wonderful world, everyday tales. Elements of the miraculous also appear in the form of magical objects, around which the main action is grouped.
Fairy tale in different forms and scale strives to realize the ideal human existence. For example, the Brothers Grimm fairy tale “A Pot of Porridge”.
The fairy tale's belief in the intrinsic value of nobles human qualities, an uncompromising preference for good are also based on a call for wisdom, activity, and true humanity. Fairy tales from our blue planet broaden our horizons, awaken interest in the life and creativity of other peoples, and foster a sense of trust in all the inhabitants of our Earth engaged in honest work. Often it is a literary fairy tale that belongs to this type.
In literary criticism there is still no single definition of the genre of a literary fairy tale, and no single classification has been created. There are a large number of definitions of a literary fairy tale, which can be divided into two types. The first type of definition is a listing of individual characteristics that are usually inherent in a literary fairy tale, but in specific works these characteristics may be absent.
The second type of definition is an attempt at a generalized universal definition. Yu.F. Yarmysh noted that “A literary fairy tale is such a genre literary work“, in which moral, ethical or aesthetic problems are solved in a magical, fantastic or allegorical development of events and, as a rule, in original plots and images in prose, poetry and drama.”
A literary fairy tale intertwines elements of fairy tales about animals, everyday and fairy tales, adventure and detective stories, science fiction and parody literature.
In textbooks on literary reading Grades 1-4 included literary tales Russians and foreign writers. The task of teaching in each class is to deepen children’s knowledge about works of folk art, expand and enrich reading experience, and introduce literary ideas and concepts. From class to class, the range of reading expands and the level of erudition increases. Gradually, children form the concept of literary (author's) fairy tales, types of fairy tales (magical, everyday, about animals), and comparison of author's fairy tales by foreign and Russian writers makes it possible to highlight similarities and differences, the “similarity” of plots, and the peculiarities of their language.
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Funny and sad, scary and funny, they are familiar to us from childhood. Our first ideas about the world, good and evil, and justice are associated with them.
Both children and adults love fairy tales. They inspire writers and poets, composers and artists. Based on fairy tales, plays and films are staged, operas and ballets are created. Fairy tales came to us from ancient times. They were told by poor wanderers, tailors, and retired soldiers.
Fairy tale- one of the main types of oral folk art. A fictional narrative of a fantastic, adventure or everyday nature.
Folk tales are divided into three groups:
Tales about animals - the most ancient look fairy tales They have their own circle of heroes. Animals talk and behave like people. The fox is always cunning, the wolf is stupid and greedy, the hare is cowardly.
Everyday fairy tales - the heroes of these fairy tales - a peasant, a soldier, a shoemaker - live in real world and they usually fight with a master, a priest, a general. They win thanks to resourcefulness, intelligence and courage.
Fairy tales - heroes of fairy tales fight tooth and nail, defeat enemies, save friends when faced with evil spirits. Most of these tales involve the search for a bride or a kidnapped wife.
Fairy tale composition:
1. Beginning. (“In a certain kingdom, in a certain state there lived…”).
2. Main part.
3. Ending. (“They began to live - to live well and make good things” or “They arranged a feast for the whole world...”).
Heroes of fairy tales:
Favorite hero of Russian fairy tales - Ivan Tsarevich, Ivan the Fool, Ivan - peasant son. He is fearless, kind and noble hero who defeats all enemies, helps the weak and wins happiness.
An important place in Russian fairy tales is given to women - beautiful, kind, smart and hardworking. This is Vasilisa the Wise, Elena the Beautiful, Marya Morevna or Sineglazka.
The embodiment of evil in Russian fairy tales is most often Koschey the Immortal, the Serpent Gorynych and Baba Yaga.
Baba Yaga is one of the most ancient characters in Russian fairy tales. This is a scary and evil old woman. She lives in the forest in a hut on chicken legs, rides in a mortar. Most often it harms the heroes, but sometimes it helps.
Serpent Gorynych - a fire-breathing monster with several heads, flying high above the ground - is also very famous character Russian folklore. When the Serpent appears, the sun goes out, a storm rises, lightning flashes, the earth trembles.
Features of Russian folk tales:
In Russian fairy tales there are often repeated definitions: good horse; gray wolf; red maiden; good fellow, as well as combinations of words: a feast for the whole world; go wherever your eyes take you; the riotous man hung his head; neither to say in a fairy tale, nor to describe with a pen; soon the tale is told, but not soon the deed is done; whether long or short...
Often in Russian fairy tales the definition is placed after the word being defined, which creates a special melodiousness: my dear sons; the sun is red; written beauty...
Short and truncated forms of adjectives are characteristic of Russian fairy tales: the sun is red; the riotous man hung his head; - and the verbs: grab instead of grabbed, go instead of go.
The language of fairy tales is characterized by the use of nouns and adjectives with various suffixes, which give them a diminutive - endearing meaning: little one, brother, rooster, sunshine... All this makes the presentation smooth, melodious, and emotional. Various intensifying-excretory particles also serve the same purpose: this, that, what, what... (What a miracle! Let me go to the right. What a miracle!)
Since ancient times, fairy tales have been close and understandable to the common people. Fantasy intertwined with reality in them. Living in poverty, people dreamed of flying carpets, palaces, and self-assembled tablecloths. And justice has always triumphed in Russian fairy tales, and good has triumphed over evil. It is no coincidence that A.S. Pushkin wrote: “What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem!”
Russian folk tales: types, principles of storytelling
The word “fairy tale” has been known since the 17th century. Until this time, the term “fable” or “fable” was used, from the word “bayat”, “tell”. This word was first used in a letter from Voivode Vsevolodsky, where people who “tell unprecedented tales” were condemned. But scientists believe that the people used the word “fairy tale” before. There have always been talented storytellers among the people, but there is no information left about most of them. However, already in the 19th century, people appeared who set out to collect and systematize oral folk art.
A.N. Afanasyev was a prominent collector. From 1857 to 1862 he created collections of Russian folk tales.
Fairy tale - narrative work oral folk art about fictional events
Russian folk tale - this is a treasure folk wisdom. It is distinguished by the depth of ideas, richness of content, poetic language and high educational orientation (“a fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it”).
The Russian fairy tale is one of the most popular and beloved genres of folklore, it has an entertaining plot, amazing characters, there is a feeling of true poetry, which opens the reader to the world of human feelings and relationships, affirms kindness and justice, and also introduces Russian culture, to the wise folk experience , to the native language.
2. Classification of fairy tales. Characteristics each type
To date, the following classification of Russian folk tales has been accepted:
1. Tales about animals;
2. Fairy tales;
3. Everyday tales.
Let's take a closer look at each type.
Animal Tales
Folk poetry embraced the whole world; its object was not only man, but also all living things on the planet. By depicting animals, the fairy tale gives them human features, but, at the same time, records and characterizes habits, “way of life,” etc.
Man has long felt a kinship with nature; he truly was a part of it, fighting with it, seeking its protection, sympathizing and understanding. The later introduced fable, parable meaning of many fairy tales about animals is also obvious.
Fairy tales differ from beliefs - in the latter, fiction associated with paganism plays a large role. The wolf is believed to be wise and cunning, the bear is terrible. The fairy tale loses its dependence on paganism and becomes a mockery of animals. Mythology in it turns into art. The fairy tale is transformed into a kind of artistic joke - a criticism of those creatures that are meant by animals. Hence the closeness of such tales to fables ("The Fox and the Crane", "Beasts in the Pit").
Tales about animals are allocated to a special group based on the nature of the characters. They are divided by type of animal. This also includes tales about plants, inanimate nature (frost, sun, wind), and objects (a bubble, a straw, a bast shoe).
There are several genres in a fairy tale about animals. V. Ya. Propp identified suchgenres How:
1. Cumulative tale about animals. (Boring fairy tales, such as: “About the white bull,” Turnip”);
2. A fairy tale about animals;
3. Fable (apologist);
4. Satirical tale.
Leading place In fairy tales about animals, comic tales occupy a place - about the pranks of animals ("The Fox steals fish from a sleigh (from a cart"), "The Wolf at the Ice-hole", "The Fox coats its head with dough (sour cream), "The beaten one carries the unbeaten", "The Fox-midwife" and etc.), which influence other fairy-tale genres of animal epic, especially the apologist (fable).
Fairy tales
Fairy tales of the fairy type include magical, adventure, and heroic. These tales are based onwonderful world .
Wonderful world - This is an objective, fantastic, unlimited world. Thanks to unlimited fantasy and a wonderful principle of organizing material in fairy tales with a wonderful world of possible “transformation”, amazing in their speed (children grow by leaps and bounds, every day they become stronger or more beautiful). Not only is the speed of the process surreal, but also its very nature."Conversion" in fairy tales of the miraculous type usually occurs with the help of magical creatures or objects .
A fairy tale is based on a complexcomposition , which hasexposition, plot development, climax and resolution .
At the coreplot A fairy tale contains a story about overcoming loss with the help of miraculous means, or magical helpers. In the exhibition of the fairy tale there are consistently 2 generations - the older (the king and the queen, etc.) and the younger - Ivan and his brothers or sisters. Also included in the exhibition is the absence of the older generation. An intensified form of absence is the death of the parents.The beginning fairy tale is that main character or heroinediscover the loss or am I present heremotives for the ban , violation of the ban and subsequent disaster. Here is the beginning of counteraction, i.e.sending the hero from home.
Plot development is a search for what is lost or missing.
The climax of a fairy tale is that the protagonist or heroine fights an opposing force and always defeats it.
Denouement is overcoming a loss or lack. Usually the hero (heroine) “reigns” at the end - that is, acquires a higher social status than he had at the beginning.
Meletinsky, identifying five groups of fairy tales, tries to resolve the issue of the historical development of the genre in general, and plots in particular.
The tale contains some motifs characteristic of totemic myths. Quite obviousmythological origin universally widespreada fairy tale about marriage with a wonderful "totem" creature , who has temporarily shed her animal shell and taken on a human form (A husband is looking for a missing or kidnapped wife (a wife is looking for her husband): “The Frog Princess”, “The Scarlet Flower”, etc.).
A tale of visiting other worlds for the release of the captives located there (“Three Underground Kingdoms”, etc.). Popular tales are about a group of children falling into the power of an evil spirit, a monster, an ogre and being saved thanks to the resourcefulness of one of them (“The Witch’s Thumb,” etc.), or about the murder of a mighty snake (“The Snake Conqueror,” etc. ).
In a fairy tale, we are actively developingfamily theme (“Cinderella”, etc.).Wedding for a fairy tale it becomes a symbolcompensation for the socially disadvantaged ("Sivko-Burko"). The socially disadvantaged hero (younger brother, stepdaughter, fool) at the beginning of the fairy tale, endowed with everything negative characteristics from his environment, is endowed with beauty and intelligence in the end (“The Little Humpbacked Horse”). The distinguished group of tales about wedding trials draws attention to the narrative of personal destinies.
Everyday tales
A characteristic feature of everyday fairy tales is the reproduction of everyday life in them. . The conflict of an everyday fairy tale is often thatdecency, honesty, nobility under the guise of simplicity and naivetyopposes those personality qualities that have always caused sharp rejection among the people (greed, anger, envy ).
As a rule, in everyday fairy tales there is moreirony and self-irony , since Good triumphs, but the randomness or singularity of its victory is emphasized.
The diversity of “everyday” fairy tales is characteristic : social-everyday, satirical-everyday, novelistic and others. Unlike fairy tales, everyday fairy tales contain a more significant elementsocial and moral criticism , she is more definite in her social preferences. Praise and condemnation sound stronger in everyday fairy tales.
Recently, information about a new type of fairy tales has begun to appear in the methodological literature - fairy tales of a mixed type. Of course, fairy tales of this type have existed for a long time, but they were not given much importance, because they forgot how much they can help in achieving educational, educational and developmental goals. In general, fairy tales of a mixed type are fairy tales of a transitional type.
They combine features inherent in both fairy tales with a wonderful world and everyday fairy tales. Elements of the miraculous also appear in the form of magical objects, around which the main action is grouped.
Fairy tales in different forms and scales strive to embody the ideal of human existence.
Fairy tales broaden one's horizons, awaken interest in the life and creativity of peoples, and foster a sense of trust in all the inhabitants of our Earth engaged in honest work.
3. Principles of telling a fairy tale.
Fairy tale - it's amazingly powerful psychological impact tool for working with inner world human, a powerful development tool. Fairy tales surround us everywhere.
E.A. Flerina, the largest teacher in the region aesthetic education, sawThe advantage of storytelling over reading is that the narrator conveys the content as if he were an eyewitness to the events taking place.She believed that storytelling achieves a special immediacy of perception.
Every teacher should master the art of telling fairy tales, because... It is very important to convey the originality of the fairy tale genre.
The tales are dynamic and at the same time melodious. The speed of development of events in them is perfectly combined with repetition. The language of fairy tales is very picturesque: it contains many apt comparisons, epithets, figurative expressions, dialogues, songs, and rhythmic repetitions that help the child remember the fairy tale.
To the modern child It’s not enough to read a fairy tale, color images of its characters, and talk about the plot.With a child of the third millennium it is necessary make sense of fairy tales, search together and find hidden meanings and life lessons.
Principles of working with fairy tales:
PrincipleMain focus