Analysis of the literary fairy tale “The Little Humpbacked Horse” by Pavel Petrovich Ershov. Culturological analysis of Russian folk tales

Olga Bazarya
Literary and artistic analysis of the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans”

Literary and artistic analysis of Russian folk tales

« Swan geese »

1. « Swan geese» Russian folk tale – magical.

2. Theme: IN the fairy tale tells about, How Geese- the swans who served Baba Yaga stole his brother when his sister was playing with her friends, then she rushed to save him and saved him.

3. Idea: Nothing can replace your native home, native land, love for your family. Kindness, resourcefulness, and ingenuity are praised.

4. Characteristics of the main heroes:

In this fairy tale there is a goodie sister and bad guy Baba Yaga.

Sister: Loves his brother:

She gasped, rushed back and forth - no! She called him - Brother does not respond.

I started crying, but tears won’t help my grief.

Brave: Ran out into an open field; darted in the distance geese-swans and disappeared for dark forest. Geese-swans have long gained a bad reputation for themselves, they did a lot of mischief and kidnapped small children; the girl guessed that they had taken her brother away and rushed to catch up with them.

She knows how to correct her mistakes - It’s her own fault, she must find her brother herself.

Baba Yaga: Angry

A Baba Yaga sits in a hut, with a sinewy face and a clay leg;

She called Geese - swans: - hurry up Swan geese, fly in pursuit!

5. Artistic originality works:

Features of the composition:

o Traditional start fairy tales: Beginning (Lived once….)

o Exposition (parents' order)

o Tie (the abduction of her brother by Geese and Swans, the girl went in search of her brother)

o Climax (found my brother at Baba Yaga)

o Fairy tale ends traditionally: Denouement (escape from the hut and return home). -And she ran home, and it’s good that she managed to run, and then both father and mother came.

The tale is very dynamic, it contains many verbs of motion conveying sudden and quick actions. For example, about Geese - Swans they say: “They swooped in, picked them up, carried them away, disappeared” they convey the severity of the situation.

IN fairy tale the technique of personification of an inanimate is used peace:

Stove said; The apple tree helped cover it with branches; River said.

IN fairy tale the law of three is used repetitions: three tests three times chasing geese-swans. Characteristic language: Colorful, emotional, expressive. For example: Geese-swans have long gained a bad reputation for themselves, they did a lot of mischief and kidnapped small children; "Apple tree, apple tree, tell me where the geese flew?» My brother is sitting on a bench, playing with golden apples.

6. Conclusions:

Fairy tale teaches children to love their motherland, your family and friends. Teaches you to keep promises, believe in goodness and good people, helps in the formation of moral values.

Publications on the topic:

"Swan geese". Choreographic composition based on the Russian folk tale of the same name Video Raising patriotic feelings in children preschool age, through folk and classical music, is my life’s work.

Goal: To develop interest in physical exercise, form motor imagination. Cultivate a friendly attitude, arouse desire.

Game-dramatization based on the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans”“Kindergarten of a general developmental type with priority implementation of activities for the physical development of children No. 47 “ Forest fairy tale» - branch.

Summary of open direct educational activities based on the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans”. OGOU " Orphanage for children with disabilities health of Cheremkhovo" Abstract of open direct educational.

Abstract - script of the Russian folk tale “Geese - Swans” middle group Abstract – script of the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans” middle group Program content: Developmental objectives: - Develop skills.

Program content: 1. Tasks for the development of cognitive abilities: a) Improve counting skills within 10, consolidate composition.

Summary of a lesson in the junior group on reading the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans” Target. Introduce children to the fairy tale “geese and swans”, make children want to listen to the fairy tale again. Preliminary work. The day before the teacher.

GCD for speech development based on the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans” in the senior speech therapy group GCD for speech development based on the Russian folk tale “Geese and Swans” in high school speech therapy group. Correctional and educational.

Target. IN game form consolidate mathematical knowledge. Tasks. Strengthen the ability to count within five, establish the equality of objects.

Outline

Lesson objectives:

Introduce the features of the fairy tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

Development of skills to analyze works, skills of expressive, conscious reading.

To cultivate positive life attitudes, faith in the best, goodness.

Equipment: portrait of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak, book exhibition, analysis diagram literary fairy tale.

Literature: Tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

Exercise 1.

Traveling into the world of fairy tales, we became acquainted with Russian folk and literary fairy tales.

– How are they similar and how are they different?

Task 2.

– What literary fairy tales have we met and who is their author?

– Tell us about the work of the writer and storyteller P.P. Ershov.

Formulation of the problem.

– Many writers and poets worked in the genre of literary fairy tales. One of these masters of words is D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak. It was not by chance that he started working in this genre. Life forced him. In 1892, the writer’s wife dies. And he remains with his sick daughter in his arms. A difficult fate awaited the girl: her mother died, her father was not young, and a serious illness prevented her from counting on a prosperous destiny. The father had to prepare his daughter for life, for its harsh sides, and most importantly, teach the child to love life.

What kind of fairy tales did the writer create? Who are they about? What is the theme of fairy tales?

Today in class we have to find out this and draw a conclusion about what is special about the fairy tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

Of course, in order to have a complete understanding of his fairy tales, you need to read several wonderful fairy tales by D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

Therefore, in order for the work to be fruitful, we organize activities in groups. Each group will be given a story and an analysis chart.

Assignment (group work)

Analyze “The Tale about Kozyavochka” – group 1

Analysis of “Tales of Sparrow Sparrow” – group 2

Analysis of “Tales about Komar Komarovich” – group 3

Analysis of “Tales about the Brave Hare” – group 4

Analysis of the fairy tale “The Gray Neck” – group 5

Performance by the creative group

Exercise 1

– What makes up the plot of a fairy tale?

The basis of the plot of the fairy tale is the birth of Kozyavochka and her encounter with obstacles and dangers (bumblebee, worm, frogs). The ending of the fairy tale is the death of Kozyavochka, falling asleep until next spring.

Task 2

• What is the composition of the fairy tale?

The tale consists of three parts:

1 – the birth of Kozyavochka and her view of the world at that moment.

2 – change in Kozyavochka’s worldview due to the events that happened to her.

3 – the end of Kozyavochka’s life. Analysis of events that happened to her in life.

Task 3

• Are there magical phenomena or objects?

The magic is that all animals talk.

Task 4

• Describe the characters of the fairy tale.

Kozyavochka (small insect). At first she is frivolous, but as the story progresses she encounters some obstacles that change her character - they force her to adapt to life, get used to difficulties, and successfully overcome them.

Flower is kind, helps Kozyavochka at birth, feeds her.

Bumblebee is an angry, menacing, rude, first negative character that Kozyavochka encountered.

The worm is serious, strict, and believes that everything belongs to him: the grass and the flowers.

Other boogers are frivolous, just like Kozyavochka.

Sparrows, fish, and frogs are shown in the fairy tale as enemies that interfere with the life of the Kozyavochkas.

Task 5

• What is the theme of the fairy tale?

It is impossible to remake the world, it is impossible to change yourself and your attitude towards the environment for your own good. There is no need to be angry with the world, you should realistically assess your capabilities and hope for the best, sacredly believe in justice and goodness.

Task 6

• Tell us about the artistic features of the fairy tale.

– the presence of verbs at the beginning of the sentence gives the narrative movement, speed of action: “How Kozyavochka was born... Kozyavochka spread her wings, rubbed her thin legs one against the other, looked around. Kozyavochka played, had fun and sat down to rest in the marsh sedge.”

– presence of repetitions in a fairy tale:

The sky is blue-blue; good good! Kind, kind.

- presence of colloquial vocabulary: - Oh, you crappy Booger, get out!

– use of diminutive suffixes: Kozyavochka, worm, flower, sun, grass.

Task 7

• What children will learn about after reading a fairy tale, reveal the educational moment.

From the fairy tale, children learn about the life of insects, what they eat, and that birds (sparrows), amphibians and fish eat insects.

Task 8

• What does this fairy tale teach children?

The child is invited to look at the world through the eyes of Kozyavochka in order to gain a true human worldview. Not everything in the world is as simple as it seems, sometimes the environment around you may seem complex and cruel, but you should not be upset - you just need to find the right approach to each situation, an approach that corresponds to the norms of behavior, the laws of goodness, and justice.

(Other groups report similarly)

Self-esteem

4. Reflective-evaluative stage – 5 minutes

So, what features do the fairy tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak have?

1. The heroes of fairy tales - a fly, a booger, a mosquito, a hare - are emphatically small, weak, invisible, but all the action is built up to their victory.

2. Main themes of fairy tales:

– The weak prevail over the strong.
– The unnoticed find their place in life.
– It is impossible to remake the world to please yourself, but you can change yourself and your attitude towards the environment for your own good.
– Mental strength is more important than physical strength.

3. Action and plots are based on funny, funny incidents.

4. The description of nature takes up little space. The sketches are brief, but very expressive.

5. Fairy tales are educational. Humanizing the characters helps the child to more vividly and vividly imagine the characteristic properties of animals and their lives.

6. Artistic Features: the presence of verbs at the beginning of a sentence gives the story a special rhythm, dynamics, repetition, and colloquial vocabulary.

Conclusion: The tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak are a unique way of conversation between an adult and a child about vitally important things. The child is invited to look at the world through the eyes of a booger, a fly, a dog, a duck, in order to gain a truly human worldview.

Self-esteem.

Prepare entertaining material based on the fairy tales of D.N. Mamin-Sibiryak.

The significance of children's folk tales in the process of upbringing and development of a child's personality is fundamental. Oddly enough, it is even more relevant for modern city children - the child is at a loss as to what a threshing floor, knysh, pushcha, repishche, suseki and the like mean, because he is not familiar with basic village life. Vintage folk words open up a new rich world of the great Russian language.
Russian folklore exists outside of time and traditions, it worthily embodies not only the experience accumulated by many generations of our ancestors, but the basic components of the mentality, the value system of our people, which is so important for us to pass on to our children. The repertoire of a city child must necessarily include oral folk art, preferably simple, good fairy tales.
The moral and ethical component of a folk tale gradually forms in the child a healthy and moral perception of the surrounding reality, corresponding to the traditions and attitudes adopted in a given country. By reading and re-reading “Ryaba Hen”, “Teremok”, “Turnip”, “Kolobok” and many other fairy tales to the child, we unobtrusively offer him the ready-made experience and wisdom of our people.
Sometimes Russian folk tales seem too simple, uncomplicated, and sometimes even primitive to us. But in fact, each of them contains not only a superficial morality, but also a hidden one, a real double bottom. It consists not only of the meaning, but also of the very sound of the words, the special melody of speech intertwined with plot moves. For many centuries, fairy tales were “honed” by hundreds of generations of storytellers, everything superfluous and superficial disappeared from them, only the main thing remained, what was remembered and seemed important - this is where such laconicism and apparent simplicity of folk tales come from, which cannot be replaced by any modern author's stories.
The true meaning of Russian folk tales is not always clear even to an adult. After all, many of them date back more than a thousand years. That is why the intricate plots of folk art organically combine the ancient traditions of Rus', paganism and early Christianity. In fairy tales, which have changed over the course of many centuries, epic and biblical motifs are closely combined, and some metaphors actually reflect the views of our ancestors on the world around them, full of mysteries and surprises.
It’s a little easier to unravel the original intent fairy tale images when working with ancient, unprocessed versions of fairy tales. For example, few people know that in the story about Kolobok, each of the animals the hero met took a bite from the ruddy Kolobok, and the cunning Fox got the small piece. The interpretation of this option lies on the surface: the round Gingerbread Man symbolizes the moon, and his journey is nothing more than lunar cycle from the full moon to the complete disappearance of the “hump” - a month. The Golden Comb Cockerel - according to researchers, is actually the image of the sun that night - the Fox carries it away "for high mountains, beyond the dense forests, beyond the blue seas."
Colorful plots of folk tales are subject to a number of unwritten rules: many repetitions, great amount explicit and hidden symbols, alternation of “punishments” and “rewards” of the hero depending on the assessment of his actions. The plot of a folk tale is often a daring disobedience, a fatal mistake of the hero, which he can and must correct in order to save himself or loved one(brother, wife, etc.). Thus, our ancient ancestors competently formed models of correct and incorrect behavior, and also laid down the opportunity to independently draw conclusions that were understandable to children. In this way, the child develops thinking.
Early and close acquaintance with Russian folk tales gives the child not only a strong moral and ethical position and moral support for adoption important decisions. Fairy tales can help parents stimulate the early and harmonious development of our children, protect them from mistakes in later life, and also teach us and our children to appreciate the originality, wisdom of Russian culture and the beauty of our native speech.
Fairy tales are a kind of moral code of the people; their heroics are, although imaginary, examples of true human behavior in reality. Fairy tales express a joyful acceptance of existence - the lot of an honest, hardworking person who knows how to stand up for his dignity.
For example, the fairy tale “Turnip,” which is extremely simple in content and form, teaches children not to give up when problems arise, but to bravely and unitedly fight difficulties. The fairy tale educates the child in the spirit of humanism, teaches them to achieve success together, and to treat even the smallest creature in the world with dignity and respect.
Within the framework of this work, I offer a subjective interpretation, with elements of good humor, of the Russian folk tale “Turnip” against the backdrop of our modernity - just don’t judge too harshly.
And so, grandfather planted a turnip.
Let's imagine a hard-working old man in the garden. It is difficult for him, but he tries in the hope of a good harvest. Well done, old man, hard worker ant! We all know from psychology courses that in old age the strength to live to the end and a creative attitude towards life in general are important. So our grandfather copes with this task perfectly, perhaps he even dreams of an unprecedented, fantastic harvest...
The Almighty heard the prayers of the hard worker and rewarded the old man worthy. A real miracle is happening, for which every person on this earth lives, and cherishes hope in the deep recesses of his soul.
The turnip grew very, very big. The old man went to collect the harvest: he pulled and pulled, but he couldn’t pull it out!
Grandfather is puzzled, how can this be! You don’t give your own wealth into your own hands! Perhaps this is a lesson for our old man not to be arrogant and greedy, and to know how to ask for help from close relatives.
Grandfather called grandma. Grandma for grandfather, grandfather for turnip - they pull and pull, they can’t pull it out!
Perhaps both are not trying hard enough, but let’s take into account the age of our old men and give due respect to both. How wonderful it is that they are not alone in the whole wide world! There was a time when there was concern about the offspring and the spouses fulfilled it. Today they can be proud of their granddaughter - a good helper for the elderly.
The grandmother called her granddaughter. The granddaughter for the grandmother, the grandmother for the grandfather, the grandfather for the turnip - they pull and pull, they can’t pull it out!
The granddaughter is a hardworking girl, but she is still a child and her strength is not enough to pull out the turnip and it remains in the ground. Who else is left? Of course, our faithful four-legged friends: dogs and cats.
The granddaughter called Zhuchka. The bug for the granddaughter, the granddaughter for the grandmother, the grandmother for the grandfather, the grandfather for the turnip - they pull and pull, they can’t pull it out! She called Bug Masha. Masha for the Bug, Zhuchka for the granddaughter, granddaughter for the grandmother, grandmother for the grandfather, grandfather for the turnip - they pull and pull, but they can’t pull it out!
It is no coincidence that the dog and cat are named after each other. In Russian folk art, folklore, animals personify the people themselves, the names Zhuchka and Mashka are a tribute to our four-legged friends. On the other hand, a dog and a cat are real family members; they are the granddaughter’s best friends.
Everyone is assembled, working together, even the dog and cat, busy with a common task, but the turnip does not come out. They don’t know who else remains, they desperately remember...
Masha called the mouse...
A comical situation arises: a predator turns to its prey for help. It's funny that the victim does not refuse, although there is every reason to beware, what if this is another trap? The mouse discovers that everyone is chained by one chain, connected by one goal, which means it justifies the means!
Grandmother, granddaughter, faithful Bug, Masha and the mouse came to the rescue of grandfather primarily for the sake of love. The miracle turnip revealed that in this house they live in peace and harmony, and everyone is ready to work, or even suffer, for their neighbor. And in the case of the mouse - and for the enemy. The mouse had mercy on those at whose table it happened to feed. And mercy, it is higher than justice... It was then that the earth gave way and released Turnip into the light of day.
Deep in essence, peaceful and light fairy tale, and after it my soul feels so good.

A fairy tale is a wonderful work of art, familiar to each of us since childhood. What is a fairy tale? Should any fantastic story be considered a fairy tale or should oral folk prose be divided into fairy-tale and non-fairytale? How to interpret all those fantastic things that none of the fairy tales can do without? This range of problems has long worried researchers. There are different interpretations of the tale. Some scientists say that a fairy tale is an absolute fiction, independent of reality, while others strive to understand how the attitude of folk storytellers to the surrounding reality was reincarnated in fairy-tale fiction. The clearest definition of a fairy tale is given by the famous scientist, researcher of fairy tales E. V. Pomerantseva: “A folk tale (or kazka, tale, fable) is an epic oral work of art, predominantly prosaic, magical, of an adventurous or everyday nature with a focus on fiction. The latter feature distinguishes a fairy tale from other genres of oral prose: tales, legends and tales, that is, from stories presented by the narrator to listeners as a narration about events that actually took place, no matter how unlikely and fantastic they may be."

Plan

Literary and artistic analysis of a work (fairy tale)

1. Title of the work, genre (type for a fairy tale) (author for original works)
2. Topic (about whom, what - by main events)
3. Idea (for what, for what purpose)
4. Characteristics of Ch. heroes (quotes from the text)
5. Artistic originality of the work

(features of composition, techniques and methods of depiction, characteristics language examples from the text)

1. Conclusions - implications for working with children

"Sivka-Burka".

Russian folk tale (magical)

Subject: It is about Ivan the Fool, who, with the help of his magical friend (Sivka-Burka), turned into a young man in order to remove the ring from Elena the Beautiful.

Idea: The struggle between good and evil, not for life but for death

The fairy tale is magical, because... There are magical characters with magical abilities.

Characteristics of the main characters:

Ivan the Fool: The third son in the family, the youngest. The family doesn’t like him, they make fun of him: “What are you doing, you fool! Do you want to make people laugh? Sit on the stove and pour the ashes!”

Executive: “He came to the field, sat on a stone. He sits awake, chews pie, waits for the thief.”

Far from being a fool, savvy, kind, brave:

“Ivanushka released the horse and made him promise never to eat or trample wheat again.”

“Here Ivanushka hit Sivka-burka on the steep sides... The horse snorted, neighed, jumped - only three logs short of reaching the princess.”

Modest: The brothers arrived at the Tsar’s feast, and “Ivanushka climbed behind the stove, into a corner, and sat there.”

In the fairy tale “Sivka-Burka”, Elena the Beautiful does not care at all what Ivanushka looks like and whether he looks like the handsome hero who completed the test. What worries her is precisely the connection between the hero and the magical world, i.e. possession of a magical object - a ring.

Sivka-Burka:

Magical character: “At midnight, a horse galloped into the wheat - one hair is silver, the other is golden; it runs - the earth trembles, smoke pours out of its ears, flames flare out of its nostrils.”

Follows all orders of his master:

Anything, Ivanushka?

I want to look at the Tsar’s daughter Elena the Beautiful! - Ivanushka answers

Well, get into my right ear, get out of my left ear

Ivanushka crawls through the horse to turn into a good fellow. This action traces the ideas of ancient people about the structure of the world and is connected with one of the moments of the rite of passage of adolescents into the world of adults, namely with being inside the totem beast, with passing through it. Ivanushka gets into the horse’s ear from the side of the earthly world, which is on the right, and comes out of the left ear - entering the zone of the magical, fairy world. To turn back into Ivanushka, you need to magical world, that is, on the left side, enter the horse, and get out on the right.!

Artistic techniques:

1. Traditional start:“Once upon a time there was an old man, and he had three sons.”

2. Repeat three times:(3 nights, 3 brothers, 3 whistles) “The first night has come. The eldest son went to guard the wheat, but he wanted to sleep. He climbed into the hayloft and slept until the morning...

On the second night the middle son went. And he slept all night in the hayloft.

On the third night, it’s Ivan the Fool’s turn to go...”

Three times Ivanushka called his horse to him, three times he jumped for the ring of Helen the Beautiful: “.. whistle three times with a valiant whistle. bark a heroic cry..."

- “Sivka-Burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass.”

3. Anthropomorphism:“- Let me go free, Ivanushka! I will do you a great service for this.”

4. Magic words: “Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!”

5. Dialogues: “ Whatever, Ivanushka. –

I want to look at the Tsar’s daughter Elena the Beautiful! - Ivanushka answers.

Well, get into my right ear, get out of my left!”

6. Cumulativeness: “Ivanushka climbed into the horse’s right ear, and came out into the left - and became such a fine fellow that he could neither think of it, nor guess it, nor say it in a fairy tale, nor describe it with a pen!

Ivanushka rushed into an open field, jumped off his horse, climbed into his left ear, and climbed out into his right ear and became still Ivan the Fool.”

7. Description : “And he’s sitting behind the stove, his clothes are thin, his bast shoes are torn, one hand is tied with a rag…. They washed Ivanushka, combed his hair, dressed him, and he became not Ivanushka the Fool, but a fine fellow, you wouldn’t even recognize him!”

8. Ending : And finally, as in any fairy tale, the hero triumphs, receives a reward for his labors, loyalty, kindness and selflessness: Ivan the Fool received a wife - the Tsar’s daughter Elena the Beautiful.

“I was at that feast, honey, beer, drank...”

Language characteristics:

Colloquial: “Izzy”, “brothers”
Emotional: “Eva, what good fungi!”

“Where are you going, you fool! Do you really want to make people laugh?”

Colloquial: “what a fool”

Obsolete: “Returned”, “treats”, “turn”

Exaggeration (hyperbole): « Visible and invisible to the people"

Importance in working with children: First of all, it is educational and cultural - moral significance. A fairy tale is a conductor of culture in the heart of a child. The life of a fairy tale is continuous creative process. The idea in the fairy tale is very simple: if you want happiness, learn to be smart, and heroics are, although imaginary, examples of true human behavior. Ancient folk words open up a new rich world of the great Russian language.

A fairy tale makes a child think, fantasize, teaches him to distinguish between truth and lies, fiction and reality. Great social value fairy tales: it inspires a spirit of confidence, cheerfulness, joyful acceptance of the struggle for justice

"The Fox and the Black Grouse."

Russian folk tale (about animals)

Subject: The cunning fox wanted to deceive the black grouse, but he turned out to be a smart bird and taught the fox a lesson himself. The manner of presentation of a fairy tale is similar to a fable.The fox tells the black grouse about the new decree - now the birds don’t have to be afraid of anyone, walk in the meadows: “Nowadays the animals don’t touch each other,” in order to lure the black grouse to the ground.

Idea: Victory of reason and ingenuity. The cunning man has no faith.

The fox is hypocritical and resourceful:“Hello little grouse, my friend, when I heard your little voice, I came to see you.” The fox flatters the black grouse, affectionately calling him little grouse, my little friend, she heard your little voice.

Pretender: In response to the black grouse’s response: “Thank you for your kind words,” he pretends to be deaf and asks her to go down to the grass for a walk and “talk to me, otherwise I won’t hear from the tree,” to which the black grouse calmly replies: “I’m afraid to go to the grass. It’s dangerous for us birds to walk on the ground.”

Deceiver: It didn’t work out the first time to lure the black grouse to the ground, she came up with a new trick: “No, little black grouse, my friend, today a decree has been announced so that there will be peace throughout the whole earth. Nowadays the animals don’t touch each other,” and the black grouse calmly replies: “Here this is good, but the dogs are running, if it were the old way, you need to leave (he makes it clear that the dogs would have torn the fox apart), but now you have nothing to be afraid of.”

Cowardly : The fox ran in disgrace, although it was found here too - she managed to say that maybe the dogs didn’t hear the decree. The fox was unable to lure the black grouse to the ground. She got scared.

The black grouse is smart and polite:He thanks the fox, realizing that she is flattering him (“thank you for your kind words”)

Black grouse is endowed with such human qualities Howintelligence, ingenuity, resourcefulnessHe knows the fox’s insidious plan and understands that she did not approach the tree on which he was sitting with good intentions, but wants to lure him to the ground to eat him.

I'm afraid to walk on the grass. It's dangerous for us birds to walk on the ground.

Or are you afraid of me?” said the fox.

“It’s not you, I’m afraid of other animals,” said the black grouse. “There are all kinds of animals.”

This dialogue well reveals the characteristics of the characters and the motive of their actions.

Artistic features of the tale:

This tale does not have a traditional beginning.

The plot is based on the motive of a meeting, a dialogue between a fox and a black grouse. The technique of contrast is used(antithesis) the wisdom of the black grouse and the cunning of the fox. The language is simple, colloquial. (“Where are you going? Who knows!”)

anthropomorphism) .The fox and the black grouse speak human language and conduct a dialogue.

Emotional language:“Thank you for your kind words...”, “Who knows them?”

Outdated words: Nowadays, if only you hadn’t heard, where...

Meaning. The fairy tale has educational value. Helps to instill prudence and caution in children, “don’t be overly trusting.” Lets children understand that every action must be thought out.A fairy tale teaches us wisdom, kindness, and intelligence.

Literary and artistic analysis of a fairy tale (sample)

"Fox-sister and wolf."

Russian folktale ( about animals).

Subject: A fairy tale about how a sly fox steals fish from a man's sleigh. He offers the wolf to catch fish by dipping his tail into the hole. In the forest, a fox pretends to be sick and a stupid wolf drags him along.

Idea: To condemn is cunning, deception, stupidity.

Characteristics of the main characters:

Fox is cunning “The fox is curled up and lying on the road. Grandfather got off the cart, went up to the fox, but she didn’t stir, she lay there as if dead. “Eh, kumanek,” says the little fox-sister, “at least you’re bleeding, but I have a brain, I was beaten more painfully than you; I’m dragging along.”

Deceiver “- Hello, gossip! - Hello, kumanek - Give me the fish! - Catch it yourself and eat it. - I can't.

Eka, after all, I caught it; You, kumanek, go to the river, lower your tail into the hole - the fish itself attaches to the tail, but be careful, sit longer, otherwise you won’t catch it.”

The wolf is stupid “The wolf went to the river, lowered his tail into the hole; it was winter. He sat and sat and sat the whole night, and his tail froze; I tried to get up: it didn’t work out that way.”

“Eka, so many fish have fallen in, and you can’t get them out!” - he thinks.

“And it’s true,” says the wolf, “where should you go, gossip; get on me, I’ll take you.”

Artistic features of the fairy tale.The traditional beginning of a fairy tale: once upon a time...; The ending is a general phrase: “The beaten one is lucky”

The main characters of the fairy tale are animals and they act in the image and likeness of humans ( anthropomorphism) . For example: Here the little fox-sister sits and quietly says:

The beaten one brings the unbeaten, the beaten one brings the unbeaten.

What are you saying, gossip?

I, kumanek, say: the beaten one is lucky.

Yes, gossip, yes!.. Cumulativeness (example from the text), dialogue , revealing the characteristics of the heroes and the motive of their actions (for example...), antithesis (stupidity is opposed to cunning), emotional language…. “Wow, so many fish caught!”, “run without looking back”, “he grieved a little”, they meet outdated words(kumanek, gossip,)

Meaning. The fairy tale has educational value. Helps to instill prudence and caution in children, “don’t be overly trusting.”

Lets children understand that every action must be thought out.

Causes in children a feeling of compassion for some fairy tale characters and rejection negative qualities to others.

Literary and artistic analysis of the Russian fairy tale

« Sea king and Vasilisa the Wise" (sample)

1. “The Sea Tsar and Vasilisa the Wise” (Russian folk tale- magical view)
2. The fairy tale tells how Ivan Tsarevich, given to the sea king by his father, married Vasilisa the Wise and with her help managed to get out of the sea kingdom.
3. Idea: nothing can replace the native land, glorification of fidelity in love, resourcefulness and ingenuity are praised.
4. Ivan Tsarevich: knows how to correct his mistakes (“Why did I scold the old woman? Let me turn her back...”), loving his parents and his native land(“... Tsarevich Ivan missed his parents, he wanted to go to Holy Rus'...”

Vasilisa the Wise: masters magic (“She turned into a dove...”, knows how to take responsibility for her actions (“.. it’s my own fault - I overlooked, I’ll answer myself”), kind, caring, helps those in trouble, has ingenuity (“.. will The pursuit of us is great... We have to manage!”)

Sea king: hot-tempered, demanding fulfillment of promises, strict (example from the text)

5. The fairy tale begins with the traditional beginning (“Far away, in the thirtieth kingdom, state...”), magical assistants: Vasilisa the Wise, bees, ants, doves help achieve noble goals ( For example ....), personification, anthropomorphism (example from the text...), adventures, magic, the law of repeated repetition are used (three tasks of the sea king, three times the servants come to wake up Ivan Tsarevich and Vasilisa the Wise, three times they catch up with the fugitives. Characteristics of the language: proverbs are used and sayings (“the morning is wiser than the evening”), double words (increasing the impression of what is happening (“thought and thought”, i.e. for a very long time, seriously and thoroughly, “far, far away”), stable expressions characteristic of a fairy tale (“neither a lot of time has passed"), constant epithets fairy tales decorating the language (“red maidens” good fellow"), descriptions (".. went to the underwater kingdom; he sees there a light the same as ours; and fields, and meadows, and green groves, and the sun warms...”). The fairy tale ends with a traditional ending (“they began to live together Yes, live, and make good money").

6. The fairy tale teaches you to love your homeland, your native land, keep promises, believe in goodness and good people. Helps in the formation of moral values.

Literature:

1. Russian folk tales - M., “Pravda”, 1985.

2. Knyazeva O.P. Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture. S-P., 2006

3.Afanasyev A.N. Russian folk tales. T.1-3, M.: Khud.lit., 1990.

4. Literature and art: Universal encyclopedia / Compiled by A.A. Vorotnikov.-Mn.: Harvest LLP, 1995.

5Propp V.Ya. Morphology of a fairy tale. Historical roots fairy tale – M.: Labyrinth, 1999.

6.www. Images.yandex.ru

7.www.google.com