Let's give a simple example of a business plan. Please note that this is only one of the possible options, and presented in a very compressed form.
Target: Produce confectionery, mainly cakes, for city residents. Take a leading position in the upper price segment of this market.
Tasks:
1. Create a compact confectionery shop.
2. Provide the production process with the necessary raw materials and labor, some of which will be hired.
3. Initially occupy 30% of the market segment through the implementation of the developed marketing strategy, which involves squeezing out the main competitors with dumping prices and new recipes for the consumer.
4. Raise the missing investment funds from the bank using available real estate as collateral.
An example of drawing up a business plan for an enterprise
Let's look at an example of a manufacturing business plan. It is planned to open a small tailoring shop. Let's consider how promising this business is in a specific market.
1. Summary. Opening of small production on January 1, 2014. Form of ownership – LLC. The planned period is 42 months.
2. General provisions. Purchasing equipment that will allow you to use a variety of fabrics and perform different finishes. It is planned to partially raise borrowed funds for the purchase of equipment and rental of premises. The tailoring service will be provided to the population, as well as to legal entities in need of special clothing, as well as sewing curtains and bedding for subsequent sale.
3. Market analysis and marketing plan. IN at the moment There are 350 enterprises represented on the market. Due to strict adherence to deadlines and quality, it is planned to create positive image companies, which will allow them to occupy a niche in the market.
4. Costs. Estimated direct and variable costs, including wages and rent of premises, for 3 years will amount to 13.5 million rubles. Of these own funds 50 million rubles. The planned sales volume will be 15 million rubles, which, minus tax deductions, will allow the project to reach payback by the end of the third year.
5. Production schedule. Release of 1000 units of goods.
6. Investments. Attracting partners on the terms of joint business.
Brief example of a business plan
If you are about to open a shoe repair shop, then general view The development of a business plan using an example looks like this:
- – Fixed costs(equipment) – 300 thousand rubles.
- – Variable costs(threads, glue, rent) - 10 thousand rubles.
- – Investment required – 100 thousand rubles in the form of a bank loan at 23% per annum for 10 years with a progressive scale and deferred repayment for 1 year.
- – Form of ownership – individual entrepreneur
- – Tax deductions 24 thousand rubles.
- – Planned revenue – 20 thousand rubles per month.
- – Revenue for 1 year – 97 thousand rubles.
- – Financial result – 73 thousand rubles.
As a result, the entrepreneur has reasons to invest money in this project. The margin of safety is large enough so that possible deviations from the predicted values do not lead to financial collapse.
Example of a business plan with calculations
Opening a small store selling used children's items also requires a preliminary assessment. Enterprise business plan example:
The assessment of goods purchased from the population will be based on the cost of 1 kg.
To begin with, you will need to create an assortment of 100 units.
The cost of 1 kg is 400 conventional units. One product weighs on average 1 kg. Thus, the cost of the product will be 100 * 100 = 40,000 USD. Replenishment costs working capital will be 100 units, which equals 10,000 USD. per month
The rent of the premises will be 10,000 USD.
Variable costs, including advertising and unforeseen expenses - 10 USD.
Sales volume in the first 6 months will be 130 products per month;
in subsequent years – 280 products per month.
The average unit price will be 250 USD.
Revenue for 1 year = 130 * 250 * 12 + 280 * 250 * 12 = (10,000 * 12,000 + 40,000 + 10,000 * 12 + 10,000 * 12,000) = 420,195 – 361,240 = 58,955.
The tax will be 25,000 USD.
Financial result – 33,955 USD
At first glance, the business seems attractive, given the low entry costs and quick payback, but after performing a simple calculation, the entrepreneur will come to the conclusion that the profitability is very low and, although the risk is small (the product is in stable demand), it is unprofitable to engage in this business without achieving scale.
View an example of a business plan
Schematically planning, for example, growing vegetables looks like this:
1. Summary. Reflected here summary remaining pages.
2. Marketing part. Who will be the buyer and how will it be possible to conquer the market? Settlement part – 5 tons of carrots for 100,000 USD
3. Costs. Rent of land and equipment – 27,000 USD
Payment for hired labor – 30,000 USD.
4. Revenue– 23 USD
5. Sources of financing. Bank loan for 50,000 USD at 18% per annum for 10 years.
6. Financial result– 9 USD
This activity, if the pessimistic scenario is fulfilled, will not generate income at all in the first year. In addition, the entrepreneur will be able to work fully and invest in development only after repaying the entire loan amount.
Download ready-made examples of business plans
On this resource you can download examples of business plans for free. Downloading the file gives you the opportunity to get acquainted with more detailed options calculations that will allow you not only to understand the essence, but also to make, by analogy, your own calculation to justify the feasibility of investing funds.
If you have no experience at all, it is not at all necessary to order development from a specialized company. It is enough to get acquainted with an example of planning for a similar activity, where you can study in detail the features of market analysis and calculation production costs specific business.
To download, click on the link:
Be sure to watch the video: “What is a business plan?”
The basis of any business is a ready-made business plan. It helps to avoid many mistakes when creating and developing a company, and allows you to convince investors of the advisability of investing cash, assists in obtaining necessary loans from banking institutions.
Such a document contains detailed calculations of the profitability of the future organization, the payback period of the project, and the risks to which the company is exposed.
You can create a business plan yourself, spending time and money. However, most modern entrepreneurs prefer to use ready-made financial products containing high-quality and useful information. Why?
Main functions of a business plan
This document is the most important tool for the company, allowing you to choose promising directions and decide on ways to implement them. It is a guide for execution and control, helping to manage the business. A well-drafted financial solution with detailed calculations performs several functions:
- strategic. It is used to develop business strategy. This is a key function when organizing an enterprise or when defining new directions for the company;
- investment. It is used to attract funds. It is extremely difficult for modern companies to manage without credit resources. Therefore, this function allows you to determine the optimal sources of funds and find potential investors;
- planning. It is used to give a comprehensive assessment of the development of the enterprise being created, as well as to manage intra-company processes or a new line of activity.
As a result, the business plan provides the opportunity to analyze, position, comprehensively assess and control the future activities of the company, implement marketing courses, and develop personnel policies.
What advantages do ready-made documents have? What are the benefits of purchasing a business plan from a company that develops and compiles business plans for different directions business?
Advantages
Business plan – business card organizations. Using work performed by qualified specialists ready-made solution, the future businessman saves time and money that would have to be spent on independently carrying out the activities, analyzes and calculations necessary to draw up this document.
Moreover, such research is not a guarantee of a successful start to the project. Among the advantages of using a full-fledged financial solution performed by professionals, it is worth noting:
- time saving. Having a ready-made document in hand, an entrepreneur can get a clear idea of the steps that need to be taken to achieve the goal. By purchasing a ready-made business plan, you can overcome all the difficulties of business with the support of professionals;
- effective means of persuasion. For sponsors and investors, this document is the main proof of the validity of the idea of the business being organized, the potential of the enterprise to achieve a certain amount of income;
- competitor research. A well-drafted document will help evaluate competing companies, identify their strengths and weaknesses, determine a free niche that at this moment in time can be occupied and firmly held, winning the favor of a potential audience;
- direction of movement. An effectively and efficiently drawn up financial solution will help the company not only at the initial stage. With the right approach, it will allow the organization to constantly maintain the planned direction, making the necessary adjustments.
High-quality business plans are drawn up by an experienced team of specialists with extensive experience in a wide variety of fields. All materials are adapted for use in the Russian economy in the current situation.
The documents contain all the necessary calculations: calculation of payback, economic efficiency, profitability and other equally significant indicators. Applications presented in tabular form will help you independently determine the required values. For example, calculate the need for money for the purchase of specialized equipment until the period of time when these costs begin to pay off.
Features of use
Ready business plan– not only the opportunity to find an idea with calculations and recommendations for a wide variety of areas, but also advice on the main aspects of starting your own business.
IN in this case We are talking about the most popular questions of aspiring entrepreneurs. What form of ownership to choose for the organization. What to consider when hiring specialists. Which taxation system should you prefer?
Today many specialized organizations offer to purchase full-fledged ready-made business plans. Moreover, prices vary significantly. How to choose a provider of such a solution?
In this case, it is necessary that the proposed business plan contains not only general information, but also detailed calculations for all main areas of activity of the future enterprise. Competent suppliers ready-made business plans calculate expenses such as, for example, the cost of social contributions for employees, tax optimization, and transfer of taxes and fees to the state.
The more complete the business plan, the more effective and efficient the activities of the future entrepreneur will be. You should not skimp on purchasing this document. After all, he is the main assistant in conducting market analysis.
It is he who summarizes the analysis of opportunities for starting or expanding a business in modern conditions, contains a structured description of all areas of activity of the future company.
By purchasing a business plan, an entrepreneur receives not only a comprehensive analysis of the main problems that he may encounter when organizing his activities, but also ways to solve them. The benefits of using a ready-made document are obvious!
Where to download a ready-made business plan with calculations
You can choose the solution that suits you among large quantity directions proposed by our partner Biplane (
Hello, dear readers of the online magazine about money “RichPro.ru”! This article will talk about how to write a business plan. This publication is a direct instruction to action, which will allow you to turn a crude business idea into a confident one. step by step plan to implement a clear task.
We will look at:
- What is a business plan and why is it needed?
- How to write a business plan correctly;
- How to structure it and write it yourself;
- Ready-made business plans for small businesses - examples and samples with calculations.
To conclude the topic, we will show the main mistakes of novice entrepreneurs. There will be a lot of arguments in favor of creating quality And thoughtful business plan that will bring your idea to fruition and success things in the future.
Also, this article will provide examples finished works, which you can simply use or take as a basis for developing your project. Ready-made examples submitted business plans can be download for free.
In addition, we will answer the most frequently asked questions and clarify why not everyone writes a business plan, if it is so necessary.
So, let's start in order!
The structure of a business plan and the content of its main sections - a step-by-step guide to its preparation
7. Conclusion + video on the topic 🎥
For every entrepreneur who wants to develop himself and develop his business, a business plan is very important. He performs many important functions that no other person can do differently.
With its help, you can secure financial support and open and develop your business much earlier than you can raise a significant amount for the business.
Investors react mostly positively to a good, thoughtful, error-free business plan, because they see it as a way to make easy money with all the troubles invented and described.
In addition, even before the establishment opens, you see what awaits you. What risks are possible, what solution algorithms will be relevant in a given situation. This is not only favorable information for the investor, but also the right plan, if you get into trouble yourself. In the end, if the risk calculation turns out to be too daunting, you can slightly redo it, transform the general idea in order to reduce them.
Creation good business plan is an excellent solution for searching for investment and developing your own action algorithms even in the most difficult situations, of which there are more than enough in business.
That is why, in addition to our own efforts It’s worth using “other people’s brains”. A business plan involves many sections and calculations, research and knowledge, only with successful operation, which can achieve success.
The ideal option would be to study all aspects yourself. To do this, it is not enough to sit and read the relevant literature. It is worth changing your social circle, turning to courses and trainings, finding specialists for consultation on certain issues. This is the only way really figure it out in the situation and dispel all your doubts and misconceptions.
A business plan is worth writing for many reasons, but home- this is a clear algorithm of actions by which you can quickly get from point A(your current situation, full of hopes and fears) to point B(in which you will already be the owner of your own successful business stably and regularly generating income). This is the first step towards achieving your dreams and secure middle class status.
If you have any questions, you may find answers to them in the video: “How to draw up a business plan (for yourself and investors).”
That's all for us. We wish everyone good luck in their business! We will also be grateful for your comments on this article, share your opinions, ask questions on the topic of publication.
Why do you need a business plan? Most will probably answer - to get a loan from a bank. This statement is true, but only partly. First of all, the entrepreneur himself needs a plan in order to understand the size of the initial investment for starting, how long it will take to reach self-sufficiency and forecast revenue indicators, assess the level of profitability, payback period of investments and many other parameters.
Very often, a beginning businessman (and not only beginners) does all planning and calculations “by eye” on a napkin or in his head (and sometimes does not do it at all), forgetting about many costly items, which results in many mistakes and leads to bankruptcy.
Typical mistakes: when determining investments, the costs of financing activities before reaching self-sufficiency are not taken into account, the amount of inventory is incorrectly determined (the size of inventory items is set for one month, and based on the turnover period, reserves for 3 months are required), taxes and insurance contributions are not taken into account in the calculation of the wage fund , the need for personnel is incorrectly calculated and many others.
A correctly drawn up business plan with detailed calculations is the key to a successful start in any entrepreneurial activity, which will allow you to cut off unprofitable options at the forecasting stage and, as a result, protect yourself from loss own investments or investor (creditor) funds.
Let's say you plan to install, the calculation shows that the full payback will be 5 years, it is obvious that this will not be the right investment, it is unlikely that the machine will work without breakdowns for such a period of time. (For reference: the optimal payback for this type of activity is 12-18 months.)
What’s better – buy a ready-made business plan or make it yourself? If we are talking about a small business, then you definitely need to do it yourself. This will allow you to dive deeper into the project, understand its essence, and sort out the economics of future activities for yourself. Well, if you want to organize a production that requires multi-billion dollar investments, then you cannot do without the help of specialists.
On the site you will find samples of ready-made business models with all the calculations, which you can use as the basis for drawing up a feasibility study for your specific project.
Algorithm of actions
- Familiarization with the provided sample feasibility study.
- Collection of statistical data for a specific region where business activities will be carried out.
- Carrying out marketing research: , identification of strong and weak points project().
- Updating information on the economic part: search for potential and raw materials, request commercial offers, recalculation of cost and determination of the final price based on current market realities, as well as determination of the level of profitability.
- Conducting a stress test of the figures reflected in the calculation (what will be the payback if the revenue is N percent less than planned). Based on the data obtained, drawing up several options for the development of the event: conservative, realistic and optimal.
- carrying out economic activities.
- Choosing the most profitable one (studying legal schemes to reduce the tax burden).
Based on the analysis and generalization of the information received, you draw up your own economic justification for the project, with the help of which you can determine the feasibility of investing money.
Please note that you can download any business plan you like for free. If there is no download form somewhere, you can ask a question through a special form, and within a short time we will add this feature. Through this form, you can also clarify any point regarding the described model, and we will try to find a specialist to provide competent advice on the point that interests you.
Often, beginning entrepreneurs are faced with a rather difficult problem - how to draw up a business plan. This task is not easy, because to work through each element you need to have certain knowledge and understanding of the activity in which you are going to start a business. If they are not there, then you will have to first get acquainted with the information various methods, and only then move on to practice.
By the way, we have made a series of articles with examples and samples of business plans in the section. We also recommend that you read the article:. This will help you write your business plan correctly.
In the meantime, let's move on to how to draw up a business plan yourself.
We set ourselves the ultimate goal
Before writing a business plan, it is very important, at the beginning of the project development, to understand for yourself what specific goal the organization will pursue. For successful implementation, it is necessary to take into account the importance of three significant factors:
- Awareness of the initial location (what we will start from, the so-called point “A”).
- Determining the final goal, the achievement of which will be the most important result (let it be point “B”).
- Drawing up a clear sequence of how to get from point “A” to point “B”, as well as understanding the mechanism and elaborating it.
We determine for whom we are drawing up a business plan
Next, you need to understand for whom this plan is being drawn up. The detail of the presentation and the evidence base will depend on the choice of the final “reader”. Any project is drawn up for one of the following “consumers”:
- For potential investors . These could be creditors, authorities state support, which provide subsidies and other incentives to developing businesses, various grantors.
When writing in this case, special attention should be paid to the evidence base of the viability of the project being developed, as well as to the conviction of the effectiveness of the use of the funds provided. This information will be relevant both for those who lend money and for those who give it free of charge (subsidies, grants).
It is very important to make all your actions logical and consistent. Some information may be presented slightly embellished to obtain financial support. However, there is no need to be overzealous with this.
The main parameters of such a project will be such qualities as cleanliness, neatness and consistency. All facts must contain specifics and explanations. Details in this case are also welcome.
Presentability will depend on the presentation in front of potential investors; you will need to use slides and visual aids (samples, research results, etc.).
- For myself . Such a plan is drawn up for actions that will be used in implementation to achieve maximum efficiency.
In this case, it is important to reflect information about the resources needed and available. The business plan should be as close as possible to what actually exists.
It is worth understanding that these are completely two different cases that require an individual approach. You cannot create the same business plan for yourself and for potential investors. And of course it is worth noting that the project for those who may provide financial resources will be more complete and detailed.
We do a preliminary analysis
Work on any project begins with an analysis of the situation in the present time. To systematize all available information, describe and fill in all sections, you need to study the data and analyze it in its entirety. If the initial information is not enough, it is necessary to supplement it by contacting specialists or to further study all aspects of the situation.
Very often, for a preliminary assessment of the situation, as well as its analysis, they use a method recognized throughout the world, which is called SWOT -analysis . Its popularity is due to its simplicity, clarity and accuracy.
What is SWOT analysis and how to apply it in practice
The name of this technique stands for “Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats.” It is used to evaluate all internal and external factors, affecting the organization. An important advantage is the objectivity of the SWOT analysis; it reflects a truly real picture.
It is necessary to take a serious approach to the development of each of the indicators. At the same time, strengths are the initial advantages of working in this field. Weaknesses are studied to eliminate them. So, for example, if weak side If there is a lack of own premises, it is worth considering the possibility of purchasing them, while eliminating this drawback. These two parameters relate more to internal factors, because they are determined by the position of the organization itself.
But opportunities and threats are directly related to the external environment. The company cannot influence them directly. So, having considered the available opportunities, you can use them to your advantage, increasing efficiency or saving on something. For example, adapt packaging design for the consumer market, while increasing demand for the product itself. But considering threats and responding to them will help avoid difficulties and losses. Here it is important to either use a policy of “avoidance” or try to use the current situation to your advantage.
After working through all aspects of the SWOT analysis, you need to begin considering individual sections of the business plan. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to assessing the resources of the described project, including monetary, labor, intellectual, and time. This will significantly save time and also help to preliminary assess the effectiveness and costs of the project.
You can familiarize yourself with the structure and sections in the corresponding article presented earlier.
We create a title page, a resume, and set goals for a business project.
The design of any project begins with writing title page, which must indicate: type of activity, organizational and legal form, name of the organization, its legal address, as well as information about the founder and location of the company itself.
Next they move on to writing a resume. It is important to understand what this section consists of after working through the rest. It contains consolidated information about what will be considered in the project. Conventionally, a summary can be called a kind of “squeeze” from the remaining sections of the project. It is important that in this section the reader receives an answer to the two most important questions:
- What benefits will potential investors have if they invest money in the project and it is successfully implemented?
- What are the possible risks of loss, and what is their scale (partial or complete loss)?
In the “Goal Setting” section, it is very important to indicate the goal itself, the assigned tasks, possible problems, actions, deadlines, as well as arguments that will allow the investor to be confident in the success of the proposed project. Here you can display the results of a SWOT analysis in a tabular form like:
Analyzing the market
In this section, it is very important to reflect the current situation by collecting the latest information, rather than using outdated information. You can consider your competitors, as well as their strengths and weaknesses, in tabular form:
| Advantages | Flaws | How to increase your chances of winning the competition | |
| Our organization | |||
| Competitor #1 | |||
| Competitor No. 2 | |||
| … |
It is necessary to draw up a portrait of a potential buyer (by objectively assessing the situation), and consider the possibility of attracting other segments of the population.
We evaluate the organization’s capabilities in this industry
This section contains information about the organization itself. It is worth paying attention to the operating hours and seasonality, since these factors directly affect the amount of possible income and their consistency. If a business plan is drawn up by an already existing organization that plans, for example, to start producing a new product, then the description of the section is reduced to listing already known data (organizational and legal form, methods of taxation, goods, information about the company, etc.).
For those companies that are just planning to open, it is necessary to take the choice of open pension fund and tax system very seriously. It will also be necessary to study legislation: various regulations and other documents.
We describe the product or service
In this section, special attention should be paid to goods and services that will generate profit. You first need:
- Do detailed description primary and secondary goods. It is advisable to provide the project with photographs. finished products(samples) or the samples themselves.
- Compare the product with the description of the portrait of the potential consumer.
- It is worth highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each product and comparing it with competitive products in the industry. Based on the information received, competitiveness is assessed. This data can be presented in the following tabular form:
- Describe the process of supplying goods or providing services (wholesale, retail, final consumer).
Such a detailed examination will help you understand what are the features of your products and the sales market as a whole.
Attention should also be paid to what additional documents will have to be drawn up (various patents, certificates, copyrights).
We draw up a marketing plan
Based on the previously obtained results, you can proceed to developing a marketing plan. Special attention You need to pay attention to product promotion tools. They can be: advertising, merchandising, direct sales, sales promotion and others.
It is necessary to study in great detail the demand in the market segment in which you plan to operate. In this case, it is worth determining average prices, elasticity (variability) of demand, and methods of stimulation. It is also important to study target segments and buyer groups.
It is worth thinking about the methods of distribution, as well as consumers, whether legal entities, individuals or end consumers. For each of them, you can develop a separate sales program.
You also need to think about possible ways attracting buyers. In addition, you can consider promotions, exhibitions.
It would be useful to predict the volume of future sales. This can be done visually using the following table:
It is important not to overestimate projected sales so that the data looks realistic. It is necessary to justify the amount while giving confidence to creditors.
If desired, you can create realistic, pessimistic and optimistic scenarios, justifying each of them.
In general, any marketing program can be represented as:
We draw up a production plan
Drawing up a production plan is not necessary for those organizations that do not intend to produce something on their own. So, if the company is only going to trade goods or services, this section can, in principle, not be compiled. But for those organizations that are directly related to production, drawing up a production plan is almost a primary task.
In this case, it is first necessary to consider the available and necessary production capacity, including premises and equipment. The information can also be presented in tabular form:
It is also very important to draw up plans for the supply of raw materials and their storage. In addition, you need to clearly depict the production process itself (this information can be placed in applications).
Information about the required employees is also indicated, and staffing table, indicating qualifications, method of calculation wages, work schedule and other information.
We draw up an organizational plan
This section displays all activities related to organizing a business. It is important to break them down into separate steps, indicating the implementation deadlines for each item. You can use a table view:
It is necessary to distribute all steps in correct sequence. You can also present the information in the form of an implementation schedule.
In addition, legal aspects must be included here.
Making a financial plan
This section is devoted to drawing up a detailed estimate. In other words, all costs that will be necessary are planned. This is best done in tabular form, ensuring clarity and ease of study.
It is worth understanding that any organization has one-time and recurring costs. Non-recurring costs include fixed assets, but periodic ones, in turn, are divided into constant and variable. Fixed costs do not depend on production volume. Of course, it makes sense to talk about fixed costs only in the short term, since in the long term any costs become variable.
After all costs are taken into account, provided that the cost is known, you can find the break-even point, which shows the sales volume at which income will be equal to expenses.
It is necessary for everyone to find the break-even point in order to approximately represent the scale of production or sales that will ensure not only break-even, but also the profitability of the enterprise. For clarity, it is worth drawing up a graph showing the dependence of profit on the volume of goods (services) sold. It might look like this:
It is worth including depreciation costs in the calculations. Indeed, as a result of complete wear and tear, most fixed assets require replacement. In addition, tax and pension contributions(recurring costs). The most complete display of all expenses will help to estimate actual sizes profit.
To calculate payback periods, you can use a simplified formula:
Payback period = One-time costs/Net monthly profit.
You can also include calculations of profitability here (it is worth considering that there are many formulas, you need to choose the one that is suitable for the type of business and what exactly the profitability of is being calculated).
Considering the risks
In this section, for clarity, you can create a table that will display:
- Possible risks.
- The likelihood of their occurrence.
- Ways to avoid.
- Possible losses.
If you plan to insure any risks, this also needs to be reflected in the business plan. Don't forget to include insurance costs in your financial plan.
What is this section for? It's very simple. Any investor wants to be sure of the success of the project or at least compensation for losses. Knowing the possible dangers, you can always try to avoid them or reduce losses. The main thing in this case is knowledge of vulnerabilities and their elimination.
Sometimes various applications are added, which include diagrams, graphs, tables, certificates, contracts, licenses. We can say that this is a certain visual material, which is placed in a separate section so as not to clutter the project itself.
Applications
You really need to include all the documents that were discussed in the business plan and that would serve as confirmation of all of the above. These can be various schemes, plans, resumes, certificates of creditworthiness, letters of guarantee, various statutory documents, etc.
The most common mistakes made when drawing up a business plan
- Ignoring the seasonality of work. Such a defect nullifies all the calculations made. If the business is seasonal, then this must be taken into account when calculating sales volumes, while trying to compensate for the shortfall in other months.
- Overestimation of planned sales (production) volumes. This indicator will also affect the efficiency of fixed assets and production capacity utilization.
- Incorrect calculation working capital. It is important not only to decide on the profit, but also on the part that will have to be used for the further functioning of the business.
- Mixing of cash flows. This refers to the situation when the company itself finances the project.
- Understating the discount rate. Also applies to own resources. The error is due to the fact that the possibilities of using funds are assessed not in the amount in which they could be used.
- The business plan is too large. There is no need to clutter the project with unnecessary information.
- Unrealistic data. All information must be supported by compelling arguments.
- There is no uncertainty about additional funding. It either exists or it doesn’t.
- Incomplete information about financial forecasts. Before the project pays off, all financial data must be indicated separately for each month.
- Superficial market analysis. You need to thoroughly study the segment in which you are going to work, because the success of the business depends on it.
- "Approximate" costs. All of them must be taken into account and be accurate, because the profit of your enterprise will depend on this.
Instead of a conclusion
Now you know how to write a business plan. There are no universal business plans. Much depends on the chosen industry, production characteristics and other factors. You need to approach the development of the project consciously, spending a lot of time and effort on it.