Main directions and forms of organization of animation activities. Basics of animation activities. Plotnikova V.S.

In the first paragraph we looked at the historical aspects of socio-cultural animation. Socio-cultural animation can be considered as an integral socio-cultural system that has an appropriate institutional subsystem, resource base, specific content and technologies (methods) animation activities. In this regard, socio-cultural animation is fully correlated with socio-cultural activities.

But the main difference between socio-cultural animation and socio-cultural activities, as L.V. Tarasov writes, is that in socio-cultural activities society shapes the personality, and in socio-cultural animation the personality shapes social processes.

Modern leisure, according to J.R. Dumazedieu, is not an “addition” to work, as before - a rest from it and preparation for it. Autonomization of leisure, changes in life orientations towards leisure are evidence of fundamental changes in the lifestyle of society, especially young people.

According to V.G. Bocharova, animation can be considered as professional activity related to the organization of creative search for activities in the field of free time; ensuring the development process organized group and its members at the level of social relations and cultural formation. Social relations mean the establishment of interpersonal contacts between individuals and social connections between various social institutions. Cultural formation is understood as the introduction to new cultural values, and the concept of “culture” receives the broadest meaning. In the light of this perspective, the social and cultural functions of the animator come closer, and he effectively implements the process of socialization of the individual.

Socio-cultural animation uses traditional types and their genres of artistic creativity as the main methods of “revitalizing and spiritualizing” relationships between people, this is what makes it possible to recognize it today as an alternative direction in the development of cultural and leisure activities.

The fundamental novelty of animation activities, according to N.N. Yaroshenko, can be characterized by new goals, objectives and applied technologies that determine the process of optimizing interpersonal and intergroup relations.

R. Labourie identifies two most common approaches to interpreting the essence of socio-cultural animation.

The first approach is pedagogical, which allows us to consider socio-cultural animation as a certain level of social education. This emphasizes, on the one hand, the increasing role of the animation apparatus, its activity, serving visitors, strengthening the position professional workers, that is, the importance of the external influence of educational technology. On the other hand, animation is a way of creating and developing a group that forms its own community of values, interests, actions and creates its own social project. That is, animation is a technology of subtle initiating influence at the level of internal resources for self-development of an individual and a group.

The second approach is sociological, associated with the main ideological trends of French sociology. For some, animation functions in unblocking social connections, establishing warm, trusting relationships. Others see its function in accordance with the traditions of French culture in teaching and mastering the great languages ​​of thought, aesthetics, poetics, economics, etc.

The specific task of socio-cultural activity is to create psychological and pedagogical conditions that help overcome psychological obstacles to social interaction.

Among the basic principles on which animation work is built, N.N. Yaroshenko highlights the following:

Man must be studied and accepted in his entirety;

Each person is unique, so the analysis of individual cases is no less justified than statistical generalizations;

A person is open to the world, a person’s experience of the world and himself in the world is the main psychological reality;

Human life should be considered as a single process of human formation and existence;

Man is endowed with the potential for development and self-realization, which are part of his nature;

A person has a certain degree of freedom from external determination thanks to the meanings and values ​​that guide him in his choice;

Man is an active, intentional, creative entity striving for self-actualization.

Among the areas of animation N.N. Yaroshenko highlights:

Animation work to change the negative attitude of society towards the alienated individual;

Activities to restore the system of interpersonal relationships of the individual (socio-psychological rehabilitation);

Formation of adequate self-understanding, self-awareness and self-expression (therapy of the meaning of life - logotherapy).

Socio-cultural animation, as an activity, being a system, has a certain structural structure of the elements of its activity. The functional basis of sociocultural animation is part of this system.

In the studies of V.A. Kvartalny, L.V. Kurilko, E.M., Priezzhaeva, B. Stoikovich, animation activity is defined as a qualitative characteristic of the method of human activity, which turns it into a means of revealing and realizing the essential powers of a person. According to I.I. Shulgi, animation activities are aimed at actively promoting the harmonious development of a person’s personality, at creating motivation for in various ways amateur activities, including the search for new forms of free creative pastime.

E.B. Mambekov in his study presents the structure of functions proposed by French researchers P. Bernard and R. Labourie:

Adaptation and inclusion function;

Recreational function

Educational function;

Corrective function;

Critical function;

Cultural function.

I.I. Shulga highlights the functions of pedagogical animation:

Relaxation - restoration of expended energy, psychosamotic relaxation, rest, emotional release;

Cultural-cognitive - acquisition of previously unknown knowledge;

Educational function - ethical and aesthetic influence, familiarization with humanistic ideals and values;

Creative - creative development.

N.N. Yaroshenko denotes two functional aspects of socio-cultural animation. The liberation aspect has a deep existential nature, which is based on the desire for free social creativity. The regulatory aspect of sociocultural animation involves the establishment of relationships between the individual and the activity social institutions, where there is a need for a social control function that promotes the use of free time for self-development and more active participation of the individual in social and political life society.

N.V. Trubachev gives the following structure of resort animation functions:

Adaptation - allows you to move from an everyday environment to a free, leisure environment;

Compensatory - allows you to free a person from physical and mental fatigue everyday life, and stabilizing - to create positive emotions and stimulating mental stability;

The healing function of animation is aimed at restoring and developing the physical strength of a person weakened in everyday work life.

E.M. Priezzhaeva considers the social and pedagogical functions of animation activities in tourism, which are interpreted as:

Production, accumulation and storage of new knowledge, norms, values, orientations and meanings;

Reproduction of the spiritual process through the promotion of its continuity;

Communicative support of sign interaction between subjects of activity, their differentiation and unity;

Creation of a socialized structure of relationships mediated by cultural components, which is at the same time the content of animation activity.

Interaction in the field of animation activities is voluntary and selective. Such interaction is largely differentiated, individualized and variable; its educational effectiveness is determined by which individuals participate in it, to what extent they feel themselves as individuals and see a personality in everyone with whom they communicate.

Material base to ensure the operation of the animation service. Development of an animation program for a hotel. For the Russian hotel service, animation is a completely new direction that has begun to actively develop as the animation service enlivens the holiday and creates impressions of the guest’s personal participation in game and theatrical show programs, sports and cultural and entertainment events. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of an animation program for the Kempinski Grand Hotel Gelendzhik in studying the role...

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The general animation program is prepared in such a way that the entertainment and sports elements are varied in form, interesting to tourists and that many more participants are involved in the events.

Evening shows should be repeated no more than once every two weeks, based on a typically two-week stay at the hotel. The script, music, lighting, choreography, costumes - everything is clearly thought out and organized by team members and the director, who often takes part in show programs himself.

During lunch and before dinner, animators greet guests at the entrance to the restaurant, wish them bon appetit, get acquainted with newly arrived guests, communicate with those with whom they played today, sit down at tables, and trying to avoid pauses in the conversation, entertain guests and invite them to take part in games and entertainment shows in the afternoon. And the animators involved in the evening show conduct rehearsals for the evening performance.

The general animation program of a hotel enterprise includes several areas:

• - Sports and recreation area. Sports animation is based on healthy image life. Preserving and promoting health are the main functions of sports animation. Special significance in the complex of activities aimed at entertaining tourists, all kinds of sports activities, competitions, and competitions are devoted. here everything that has been developed and created by mankind in this area can be used at the moment. These are games that have long been familiar to everyone with well-known conditions and rules; and completely new ones, developed right here, in the process of communication; and proposed by one of the vacationers, modernized, adapted to the given situation and borrowed from colleagues from a neighboring hotel. Animators take part in games as players, presenters and judges. Their task is to stir up interest and control the progress of the game, resolving possible conflict situations. During the game, the animator clearly sets out the rules, ensures its continuity, safety, organized beginning and ending with a mandatory outcome and announcement of the winners. The animators create such an atmosphere of passion and excitement that nearby tourists switch their attention to the game and little by little they themselves get involved in the process. The dynamism and spirited nature of competition allows people to liberate themselves and show some abilities and talents. And, besides, team games also bring people closer together.
• - One of the important areas of animation activities in hotels is animation for children. The presence of a mini-club in the hotel is notified by a large colorful stand installed in the hotel lobby, at the entrance to the main restaurant or to the beach, which outlines the work schedule and upcoming events for children, so that upon entering the hotel guests can quickly find their way and find their way there. your child. Work plan, like general plan animation activities in the hotel are drawn up in advance and, possibly, adjusted during the classes, depending on the number of children present and other conditions. In this regard, they must successfully combine and have the optimal number of sports and cultural activities necessary for the development of the child.

Working as an animator in a mini-club is a lot of work, so this person must take into account a number of physiological and psychological characteristics children of different ages, to create such conditions so that any child would be interested in it and he could express and realize himself as an individual. To organize effective work with children, it is necessary to have appropriate premises for children to stay in the summer months and in bad weather, equipped with various equipment for drawing, modeling, outdoor and educational games, etc. Each day invariably begins with introductions (children stand in a circle, say their name, repeat and remember the names of others) and has its own theme, which is revealed during sports and educational activities and competitions, jointly staged small performances, concerts and holidays. The work of a mini-club in a hotel is a creative and painstaking process, and the task of a children's animator is not just to organize children's leisure time, to develop their cognitive, physical and psychological spheres, but also to organize such an organization in which every day a child spends in a mini-club would turn into into a whole event, a holiday that will remain a vivid impression of his holiday on the Mediterranean Sea.

Cultural and leisure events. The basics of cultural and leisure animation of tourist services in hotels are: integrated approach to organizing events, freedom to choose these events, theatricalization: the use of various techniques (imagery, symbolism, metaphor, stylization) and all types of art (painting, music, literature), while the course of the event is determined by the script, personification.

Traditional forms of organizing such events include:

• · carnival (folk festival in the form of a street procession, parade, masquerade),
• · reception (a meeting of people that does not involve dancing);
• · banquet (mass gathering of people, which is based on abundant food);
• · mystery (theatrical production of a play with religious content);
• · raus (an event to invite spectators before presentations, cultural and leisure programs);
• · ceremony (cult reverent /state/ act, which is carried out in strict order /ceremonial/);
• · show performance, mass spectacle.

In order to successfully create an entertainment program for a hotel, you need to decide on a number of criteria, namely:

• · a genre that creates a special atmosphere and sensations for the audience (drama, clownery, musical, etc.). In this case, the numbers and fragments must be combined in such a way that a single picture and a related structure of the elements of this representation are formed;
• · the name of this show, which creates the mood and reveals its essence;
• · a scenario plan, which indicates a list of elements, fragments, events in the process of their development, characters, their relationships and movement. There must be a beginning, a climax and a denouement;
• · script, i.e. detailing the points of the scenario plan, as well as work on the literary part - elaboration of monologues and dialogues, study of speech style;
• · director's plan - translation of literature into the language of action (if it is a production based on literary work), compiling and coordinating a continuous effective chain, and working with technology, light and sound.

In addition, it is important where this action will be played out (on the summer playground, in a bar, near the pool), to determine the pace, rhythm, inclusion of spectacular moments and the rehearsal period.

Evening shows are a major part of the hotel's entertainment programme. They should be very diverse in content, staging, costumes and be interesting for all vacationers. As a rule, all animators take part in them. The organizers strive to make each performance bright, colorful, memorable, each of them should have its own zest.

And the form of evening shows can be very different: this is a small everyday scene performed by actors-animators, and a serious theatrical performance in which spectators from the audience and guests invited in advance to play a particular role can take part (see appendix).

In addition to the show, the evening entertainment program also includes various competitions, quizzes, and lotteries. As a rule, a large evening cafe is organized on the hotel premises, where a significant part of vacationing tourists gather after dinner. All sorts of quizzes with themes are held for them. educational nature, competitions, coffee-games lotteries, such as, for example: the “Bingo” lottery, competitions for the best couple, “Miss Hotel”, “Women against Men”, etc. with the presentation of simple and original prizes at the expense of the hotel. In addition, the animators have a wide variety of games in stock that can also be used during the event.

Festive events as animated objects. Organizing holidays is one of the important points in the construction of animation programs, and the main thing here is not to miss the details characteristic of this particular holiday, and to introduce elements that are educational and attractive to all tourists. Animation managers build entertainment programs based on the traditions of a particular country, they set themselves one of the tasks to acquaint foreign guests with the customs, morals, and life of the peoples inhabiting it. In hotels, evening programs are dedicated to the holidays; in restaurants, the menu on this day includes a special festive sweet dessert; Children are given balloons and candy throughout the day, and fireworks are lit at night.

When developing and preparing entertainment complexes and programs, it is necessary to take into account national characteristics cultures, traditions, holidays, flavor of the countries from which the guests are currently arriving.

The article defines the essence of the concepts of “animation” and the related “animation activities”. The specifics of animation activities in tourism are considered.

Key words: animation, animation activities, tourist animation.

Introduction. For the first time the term “animation” (from Lat. animation- revive, inspire, spiritualize) appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. in France in connection with the introduction of a law on the creation of various associations and was interpreted as an activity aimed at strengthening a keen interest in culture and artistic creativity. In the 2nd half of the twentieth century. the term “animation” began to be used in several meanings, where animation was also considered as an artistic activity for creating cartoons. By the end of the 20th century. socio-cultural animation has already represented an independent direction of psychological and pedagogical activity in the field of cultural leisure.

Presentation of the main material. Modern definitions of the concept of “animation” reflect historically established ideas about this issue. Let's look at some of the existing definitions.

Animation - organization of leisure time in hotels, corporate events, children's camps, children's parties; a direction that involves personal participation of vacationers in cultural events.

Animation is a technology that allows you to create the illusion of movement using inanimate stationary objects; The most popular form is animation, which is a series of hand-drawn images.

Computer animation is a type of animation created using a computer. Today it is widely used both in the field of entertainment and in the industrial, scientific and business fields. Computer animation is a sequential display (slide show) of pre-prepared graphic files, as well as computer simulation of movement by changing (and redrawing) the shape of objects or displaying sequential images with phases of movement.

From the above definitions, it is obvious that the same term still refers to different types of activities. For the purposes of our research, the concept of animation in relation to socio-cultural activities and, in particular, tourism is of greatest interest.

As an analysis of the literature has shown, studies related to animation and animation activities are not widely covered. Information about the history of the formation and evolution of cultural and leisure activities is presented in the works of G.P. Blinova, I.A. Pankeeva, I.V. Filatova, I.G. Sharoeva. In the works of A.F. Volovik and I.G. Sharoev, aspects of dramaturgy and screenwriting of cultural and leisure activities are considered. Various aspects of animation activity are considered in the works of M.B. Birzhakova, J.R. Walker, A.D. Chudnovsky, T.I. Galperina, N.I. Garanin and I.I. Bulygina, L.V. Kurilo, G.A. Avanesova, E.M. Priezzhevoy and others. Significant contribution to the development and establishment of animation as a segment practical activities the work of F.I. contributed to the structure of the tourism product. Kagan, a team of teachers from the South Ural state university(Russia), etc. Animation in socio-cultural services and tourism is also discussed in the textbook by I.I. Pyadushkina. The textbook by T.N. is also devoted to a description of animation activities in social and cultural services and tourism. Tretyakova.

With such a variety of studies, the authors do not have unity in terms of terminology, formulations of definitions of basic concepts. So L.V. Kurilo, exploring the theory and practice of animation, offers the following definition: “animation is the stimulation of full-fledged recreational, socio-cultural leisure and other human activities by influencing his vitality, inspiration and spirituality." In turn, T.N. Tretyakova believes that animation is “the development and provision of special programs for spending free time; organization of entertainment and sports leisure activities."

The concept of “animation” is closely related to another concept – “leisure”. In the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” V.I. Dahl characterizes a person in leisure conditions as “idle” - skillful, capable, dexterous, skillful. Until the beginning of the 20th century. the concept of “leisure” meant the achievement, ability, opportunity of a person to express himself in his free time from work. The Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary gives the following definition: “leisure ( free time) - part of the non-working time (within the boundaries of a day, a week, a year) remaining with a person (group, society) minus the immutable, necessary expenses. The structure of free time includes active creative (including social) activities; study, self-education; cultural, (spiritual) consumption (reading newspapers, books, going to the movies, etc.), sports, etc.; amateur activities, games with children; communication with other people."

The opinions of scientists about what leisure is are very ambiguous. There are several points of view on revealing the essence of the concept of “leisure”. Some researchers believe that this is simply time not spent working, i.e. free time for entertainment, personal activities, hobbies, etc.; others - the social organization of free time precisely in the form of leisure, leisure activities. Modern science has a wide range of leisure concepts (Latin “conceptio” - thought, concept of a system, guiding idea, leading plan, constructive principle of activity). It should be noted that in the context of the general characteristics, theorists consider leisure as a temporary space, activity, state and holistic (integral) way of life.

The idea of ​​considering leisure as a specific time space (quantitative concept of leisure) arose in the 19th century. and was a consequence of the industrial revolution in the West, as a result of which the life activity of the vast majority of the population was clearly differentiated into working time and free time outside of work. This concept is the most widespread at present. The quantitative concept of leisure is based on the assertion that the entire temporary space of a person’s life can be divided into certain periods of time in accordance with their purpose. In this case, leisure is a period of time free from immutable responsibilities such as work, sleep, personal care, Homework, child care. The interpretation of leisure within the framework of this concept assumes that a person not only has free time space, but also has the freedom to choose leisure activities in accordance with his interests and tastes. This concept allows for a broad interpretation of leisure, i.e. Leisure can be considered time devoted to both creative and constructive activities and destructive activities, as well as time spent aimlessly.

As an activity, leisure is defined by a set of actions, including a system of relationships between a person and the surrounding world, for example, with material objects, information, people, etc. Leisure is considered as a type of human activity, different from other types of life activity associated with the labor sphere and other types of activity necessary to maintain vitality.

In addition, the concept of leisure includes a set of human actions that are opposite to compulsory activities. Rhythmic change of activities is one of the basic needs of the human body, necessary to maintain its biological balance.

In assessing the free time fund, the position taken by G.I. looks convincing. Mintz: “Leisure is part of free time. Leisure includes only those hours that are used for recreation and entertainment. Time devoted to study, social work, children and various creative activities is part of free time, but does not belong to leisure.”

We also share the point of view of A.I. Kravchenko, author of the Sociological Dictionary, in his definition of leisure: “Leisure is that part of free time (it is part of non-working time) that a person has at his own discretion. Leisure is included as an integral part in the category of “free time”, which, in turn, is part of non-production time. The latter includes: time for household work and self-care, time for sleep and food, time for traveling to and from work, free time spent on study, education, social activities. Leisure is an activity for one’s own pleasure, entertainment, self-improvement or achieving other goals of one’s own choice, and not because of material necessity. Leisure is an activity that people engage in simply because they enjoy it."

Thus, animation is one of the areas for developing public activity. This is one of the socio-cultural mechanisms with the help of which conditions can be created for the emergence and disclosure of human abilities and needs, for new opportunities and ways of use in new living conditions, i.e. raising the so-called "quality of life".

Let us recall that sociocultural animation by the end of the 20th century. already represented an independent direction of psychological and pedagogical activity in the field of cultural leisure.

Sociocultural animation is a special type of cultural and leisure activity of public groups and individuals, based on modern (pedagogical and psychological) humanistic technologies for overcoming social and cultural alienation.

Generalization of theoretical ideas of animation and experience in organizing the socio-cultural activities of animators in France allowed E.B. Mambekov to give the following detailed definition: “Sociocultural animation is part of the cultural and educational system of society and can be presented in the form of a special model of organizing sociocultural activities: as a set of elements (institutions, government bodies, organizations, audiences) that are in constant relationships that characterize this model; a set of classes, activities and relationships in which the leading role is played by animators, professional or voluntary, with special training and, as a rule, using active pedagogy methods.”

Abroad, there is a traditional system of qualified assistance from specialists, who at the present stage are called animators or, if we are talking about tourism, managers of tourist animation, and their organizational, pedagogical, cultural, creative and recreational initiatives are called animation socio-cultural work.

In addition, in the image of an animator, according to S.I. Baylik, “representatives of the following professions” can also perform: animator-cartoonist - a person who brings drawn pictures to life; animator in business is a person involved in increasing sales, revitalizing business" (i.e. someone who advertises a product in stores, conducts promotions and lotteries designed to attract customers' attention to a certain type goods, etc.).

Thus, animators are specialists in organizing leisure time in various institutions that provide special events and free time programs; organizers of entertainment and sports activities.

Animation in literature and the media is often called a mediator between the individual and society. Animation is based on general methods of social and pedagogical influence on each individual individually and on groups, teams, unstable audiences and various social communities during travel and on vacation.

In a number of countries, tourism has become a large independent industry, occupying a leading position in the economy. This is largely due to the fact that the modern tourism industry provides a large volume of services consumed by tourists during travel, namely accommodation, food, transport and excursion services. None of them today can be imagined without elements of the live participation of tourists, implying animation of tourist services.

The prerequisites for the emergence of tourist animation, in its modern understanding, are negative consequences industrialization and urbanization. And as a consequence of this, there is an increased demand for a wide variety of tourism services (hobby tours, environmental tours, various types sports and health tourism, excursion and entertainment routes, sports, entertainment and treatment and rehabilitation services, etc.). In addition to accommodation and food, the tourist product began to include other services aimed at satisfying the needs for entertainment, fun leisure time, and emotional relief. In the everyday life of tourism activities and the terminology of hotel services, the concept of “tourist animation” arose - a type of activity aimed at satisfying the animation needs of tourists. Thus, animation in tourism is a holistic process of interaction between animators and tourists in the leisure sector based on the combination of formal leadership and informal leadership of the specialist performing the interaction. As a result of such interaction, the relaxation and health, cultural, educational, cultural and creative needs and interests of the participants in this process are satisfied, conditions are created for the formation of a socially active personality capable of transformation surrounding reality and yourself in it.

The very concept of “animation” allows, on the one hand, to quite accurately characterize the goals of sociocultural activity, to identify its spiritualizing, consolidating nature, and on the other hand, to designate the actual spiritual aspect of the relationship between subjects and objects of the process, based on a deep appeal to the eternal value-semantic absolutes of spirituality .

Considering all of the above, we can agree with L.V. Kurilo is that “animation is the stimulation of full-fledged recreational, socio-cultural leisure and other human activities by influencing his vitality, inspiration and spirituality.” This definition generally fairly reflects the specifics of animation activities, which manifest themselves at the organizational, activity and technological (methodological) levels. The essence of animation activities in the leisure sphere is to involve representatives of society in active forms of leisure. At the same time, one cannot limit the essence and specificity of this phenomenon only to external manifestations, because a very important component of socio-cultural animation is its spiritual and worldview potential. In addition, the concept of “animation activity” has some duality and can be viewed from different positions. On the one hand, animation activity is an activity aimed at satisfying the relaxation, health, cultural, educational, cultural and creative needs and interests of a person through a joint specific process of interaction between him and a specialist in the field of animation. On the other hand, animation activities are activities for the development, organization and implementation of special programs for spending free time.

Conclusions. Thus, animation activities are, on the one hand, recreational, socio-cultural leisure and other activities of people, carried out under the guidance of animation specialists. On the other hand, animation activities are activities for the development, organization and provision of special programs for spending free time. It should be noted that the mentioned duality often becomes the reason for differences in the interpretation of the conceptual and terminological apparatus in the study of animation and animation activity by the authors.

References

1. Dragicevic-Sesic M. Culture: management, animation, marketing [Text] / M. Dragicevic-Sesic, B. Stojkovic [trans. from Serbo-Croatian]. – Novosibirsk: Tigra, 2000. – 165 p.
2. Kurilo L.V. Theory and practice of animation: Part 1. Theoretical foundations of tourist animation [Tutorial] / L.V. Smoked. – M.: Soviet Sport, 2006. – 195 p.
3. Animation [Electronic resource] / Wikipedia. Open encyclopedia. – Access mode: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animation_(sphere_of_entertainment)
4. Animation [Electronic resource] / Collier’s Encyclopedia. – Access mode: http://www.slovopedia.com/14/192/1010135.html.
5. Tretyakova T.N. Animation activities in social and cultural service and tourism [Textbook for universities] / T.N. Tretyakov. – M.: Publishing Center “Academy”, 2008. – 272 p.
6. Soviet encyclopedic dictionary. – M.: Soviet encyclopedia, 1989. – 959 p.
7. Lukyanova L.G. Recreational complexes [Tutorial] / L.G. Lukyanova, V.I. Tsybukh: under general. ed. V.K. Fedorchenko. – K.: Vishcha School, 2004. – 346 p.
8. Educational sociological dictionary with English and Spanish equivalents / Under the general editorship of S.A. Kravchenko. – 4th edition, expanded and revised. – M.: Exam, 2000. – 512 p.
9. Mambekov E.B. Organization of leisure in France: animation model: author's abstract. disser. Ph.D. ped. Sciences / E.B. Mambekov. – St. Petersburg, 1991. – 28 p.
10. Baylik S.I. Introduction to hospitality animation [Tutorial] / S.I. Baylik. – Kh.: Crossroad Publishing House, 2008. – 128 p.

Voronina G. B. Animation, animation activity: the essence of understanding

The article states the essence of understanding “animation” and the “animation activity” associated with it. The specifics of animation activities in tourism are examined.

Key words: animation, animation activity, tourist animation.

Voronina G. Animation, animation activities: essence of the concepts

In the paper determine of the concepts of “animation” and “animation activities”. Consider specific of the animation in tourism.

Key words: animation, animation activities, tourist animation.

Types and forms of animation activities

in the volunteer association of high school students "Star".

Good afternoon, dear colleagues!

I am the head of the volunteer association of high school students “Zvezda” of the Children’s Creativity Center of the Central District of Kemerovo. The association has existed for more than 15 years, and I have been leading it for 5 years. The association consists of 30 high school students aged 14 to 18 years. We work in 5 areas of volunteer activity:

Health saving;

Work with priority social groups (veterans and elderly people, large families, disabled children, children without parental care, etc.)

Environmental protection activities;

Labor activity;

Leisure activities or animation.

All areas of our work are closely intertwined, but at the forefront of everything is leisure or animation activities.

The word animation entered the Russian language not so long ago. Previously, people involved in this type of activity were called cultural organizers, then mass entertainers and gamers, but now the time has come for animators.

We consider animation activities as activities for the development and presentation of programs for spending free time, or in other words – leisure activities.

We work at various sites in the city and region. We take part in the events of the Tomsk Pisanitsa Museum-Reserve and the Krasnaya Gorka Museum-Reserve. We participate in city events in the territories of Park of Miracles LLC, the park of culture and recreation named after. V. Voloshina, Antoshka Culture and Leisure Park. We are members of the regional mobile club “Kuzbass” for organizing leisure programs in remote settlements of the region. We organize and conduct events together with social institutions, educational, cultural, sports and healthcare institutions.

Forms animation (leisure) activities Our association includes a variety of:

We conduct sports and health programs for sports and active recreation enthusiasts in educational institutions and parks. Regional events are held annuallysports festivals and competitions “Sport and work go hand in hand”, “Higher, stronger, faster”, sports days as part of the Health Week, hours and minutes of health.

Entertainment programs are aimed at participants of any age and are based on involvement in active movement through exciting, fun competitions and harmless competitions, outdoor games and entertainment, various competitions. Nfor example, role playing games and competitions “Cheerful fashion designer”, “Valentin and Valentina”, folklore holidays “Christmas”, “Maslenitsa”, “Ivan Kupala”, game and holiday programs, timed to coincide with the calendar holidays Teacher's Day, Elderly Person's Day, New Year, March 8. These programs are in demand regardless of gender, nationality, or education. Entertainment programs are most in demand by residents of the city of Kemerovo.

Educational programs are based on familiarization with spiritual and moral values. This themed days“Fire Safety Month”, training programs “School of a Young Leader”, “School of Assets”, master classes, conversations, traveling exhibitions within the framework of leisure projects “Fun Lessons”, “Man of Labor”, “Defenders of the Fatherland of Different Times”, quizzes, competitions - they help to acquire new knowledge and skills in various types of human activity.

When organizing animation programs, we take into account the characteristics inherent in different age categories of the population.

For children to school age, whose leading type of activity is play, we hold game libraries, matinees, and fabulous trips.

For teenagers - along with the listed forms, we conduct conversations, master classes, sports competitions and relay races, competitions and discos, school of politeness and knightly tournaments, fun hours and holidays. Children of this age are quite active, demanding and even entrepreneurial in relation not only to themselves, but also to the people around them.

For young people, the programs change somewhat. At this age, character and worldview are formed. The main activities of this period are studies, which require a lot of effort. For high school students we hold KVNs, evenings and discos, auctions, fairs and theatrical performances, festivals and shows, games similar to those on television.

For middle-aged, able-bodied people who want to take a break from everyday work, there are more relaxing events: competitions (beauty, humor), literary lounges and creative evenings, presentations and concerts.

For older people, who increasingly want to remember their younger years and everything connected with them, we hold get-togethers, tea parties, social evenings, and literary lounges.

We try to organize holidays so that schoolchildren and students find it interesting, and elderly people feel comfortable.

In organizing leisure activities we use the followingtypes of animation:

Animation in motion - meeting a need modern man in movement combined with pleasure and pleasant experiences;

Animation through experience - satisfying the need for a feeling of the new, unknown, unexpected when communicating, discovering, and also when overcoming difficulties;

Animation through communication - meeting people's need to communicate with new, interesting people, in the opening inner world people and self-knowledge through communication;

Cultural animation - the satisfaction of people in the spiritual development of the individual through familiarization with cultural - historical monuments And modern designs culture of the country, region, people, nation;

Creative animation is satisfying a person’s need for creativity, demonstrating one’s creative abilities and establishing contacts with like-minded people through joint creativity.

Large events combine different shapes and types of animation activities.

A large number of events are held annually on the territory of the “Park of Miracles”: “Ice Cream Day”, “Birthday of the Park of Miracles”, “Pepsi Day”, etc. Up to 30 students from our association are involved in such events. The guys work on 4-5 sites at the same time. On the main stage there is a concert and competition program, with alternating concert numbers and competitions, the spectators and participants of which can be people of different ages. The playground hosts a play program for children of preschool and primary school age. The game program includes mass, movement and dance games. Throughout the park there are mini-competitions and mini-games where anyone can test their strength, dexterity, and resourcefulness. At the same time, life-size puppets are working in the park, they create a festive atmosphere and take pictures with vacationers. In conclusion concert program a brass band, to the sounds of which older people love to dance, or a concert of modern VIA and rock groups for young people. Such holidays end with fireworks or fireworks.

To perform their work efficiently, animators must master a number of disciplines: communication psychology, acting, choreography, methods of animation activities, game technology (game science), scenography (writing a program script). Each student chooses what he likes: someone likes to conduct round tables, conversations, meetings, some like organizing sports competitions, some are the real king of holidays and are excellent hosts of entertainment programs, and some like to work in a life-size doll. They approach each program thoroughly: they write scripts, select musical accompaniment, scenery, and prepare costumes and props themselves.

Animators should be, by nature, kind, sensitive, tolerant, sociable, attentive and responsible people. When preparing and holding events, children develop specific abilities: rich imagination, unconventional thinking, necessary for writing a script; the ability to summarize facts, comprehend them and put forward new solutions and ideas necessary to work with methodological material; public speaking, organizational and leadership skills that are needed when conducting animation programs; activity life position in the process of introducing something new, the ability to maintain faith in victory and fortitude during periods of creative failure.

We are participating in animation programs of different scales, for different social groups of the population, for everyone age categories on a variety of topics.

Our work is currently quite in demand in the field of tourism, sports and recreation, sanatoriums, health resorts, houses and recreation centers, health centers, museums, cultural and leisure centers, recreation parks, family leisure centers, summer and winter recreation camps , in educational institutions, rehabilitation centers, as well as in the work of social institutions.