Essay “The role of art in human life.” (Var 1)
Many people neglect art and do not see enough benefit in it. Science is much more important. People follow new inventions and discoveries in the field of natural sciences with great enthusiasm. This is all very important. This helps to understand not only the essence of many things, but also to simplify life. Thanks to this, many processes can be controlled. But don't underestimate art.
A world without creativity
To understand the role of art, you need to imagine your life without it. What if music, theater, cinema, literature never existed? Such a life would definitely not please anyone. People would then resemble robots, just machines aimed at technical progress. But what about wonderful feelings, relaxation, expression of emotions?
The role of art is much more than it seems at first glance. It helps in many ways to open up, show your skills, and express your emotional experiences. It's not just boredom that pushes a person to watch a movie or read a book. In this way, the individual is able to satisfy his aesthetic needs. Many works of art motivate, uplift, and help solve a dilemma.
The role of art in human life
It’s enough to remember what emotions your favorite song evokes. Someone was delighted with theatrical production. Each of us cried when we watched the touching film. Others are drawn to the art of drawing. You can look at a picture you like for a long time, find new details in it, understanding the author’s message. And in these moments, inexplicable things happen in the soul. This is what art is for. It is designed to awaken human emotions, inspire, help. Art can make you happy or give you a reason for sadness, hope, delight and much more.
When it’s hard for us, we can listen to music or watch a movie. Even in wartime, people gathered for this. After all creative works capable of giving strong motivation, hope, and strength to fight.
You cannot think that art does not convey anything important. It is impossible to imagine a full-fledged person who cannot experience any emotions. Every person must develop, including in the sensory sphere. There are no people who are indifferent to any creativity.
Essay “The role of art in human life.” (Var 2)
Art exists inseparably from human life. In fact, our whole life is connected with art, both in everyday and idle life.
Love is the main art. Love for my stepfather's house, for nature, love for people, for life. Actually this is art. Because it is created from love for beauty, for that impeccably joyful thing that we see around us. We see beauty and try to transfer it to canvas or put it into notes of enchanting music. We think that the dancer is soaring above the stage, creating art, but he is flying from love. For without love, without inspiration there can be no art.
If we love something, then the secret of the inner world of a person or object is gradually revealed to us. And then we notice the slightest highlights and halftones of what is dear to us. Trying to show the world our love, we create art. This is how real works of great masters - masters of world art - appeared.
(406 words) Art is perhaps one of the most important areas of human existence. It has given us a great variety of beautiful, timeless creations: elegant music, majestic masterpieces of architecture, thoughtful books and much, much more. In my opinion, the influence of art on the history of mankind in general and the human soul in particular is truly enormous. Confirmation of this can be found not only in Russian, but throughout world literature.
For example, O. Henry in his story “Pharaoh and the Chorale” tells us about the New York beggar Soapy. This degraded, immoral man pursues one single goal - to go to prison in order to spend the winter in warmth and comfort, without doing anything. To implement his plan, Sopi commits many dubious acts: he steals, brawls and debauchs, but the doors of the treasured prison remain closed to him. Already completely desperate, the main character suddenly hears the sounds of a chorale coming from the church. The music strikes Sopi to the core, and the unscrupulous tramp realizes how low he has fallen. A new beginning arises in his soul, which calls him to take the right path. He is reborn and firmly decides to start life with clean slate. The power of art is truly limitless, because just a melody can transform a person beyond recognition.
N.V. Gogol in the story “Portrait” depicts before us the fate of the artist Andrei Petrovich Chartkov. A talented but poor young man, by the will of Providence, becomes the owner of a huge amount of money. Andrei’s first noble impulse is to throw himself into his work and bring his talent to perfection. But plunging into the cycle social life, the main character eventually moves away from real art, turning into a servant of the rich. He creates beautiful, ideally shaped, but dead and meaningless crafts, losing his talent in exchange for fleeting fame. After some time, a painting of former comrade Chartkov, who devoted his entire life to art and sacrificed everything for it, is brought to Russia. Just one look at creation true artist, Andrey realizes the meaninglessness of his life, he understands that in the pursuit of fame he killed his talent. Main character tries in vain to revive the creator within himself, but his attempts turn out to be meaningless, the muse has left him. In desperation, Chartkov begins to buy and destroy the most beautiful paintings, and then falls ill and dies. According to Gogol, without true art, human life has no meaning.
Art contains great power, capable of not only elevating a person to the height of bliss, making him better, but also overthrowing him, turning him to dust. It all depends on the individual himself and his willingness to listen to the call of beauty that heals the world. She plays the strings human soul, controlling us, tuning and frustrating us, like an instrument, which is why the results of creative efforts occupy an important place in the life of each of us.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!No matter how complex and unpredictable our life may be, there are always moments and events that decorate it and make it beautiful. We always try to strive for the best, for something good. Living, loving, doing something useful for yourself and society is wonderful. The role of art is as important as life itself. Everything that surrounds us is a kind of art.
Even in ancient times, our ancestors tried to depict some pictures, events of their lives, battles, and hunting on walls, pieces of leather, and stones. At that time, they had no idea that their attempts would bring a lot of new knowledge for humanity in the future. Their sculptures, utensils, weapons, clothes have great value, thanks to these finds, we know the history of the development of our ancestors. Then they had no idea that everything they did was art, and that the role of art in human life would be very great.
Cultural development and morality are promoted different directions art (the essence of which is to show and teach the real and wonderful world). With the help of music, poetry of professionals and amateurs, we can understand the aesthetic perception of our world. Therefore, the role of art in human life is simply enormous!
Artists, sculptors, poets, musicians and every person who tries to convey through their creativity the perception and vision of something special that surrounds us, occupies an important place in cultural development humanity. Even small child Having made his first drawing, appliqué or craft, he has already to some extent touched the world of art. At an older age, as a teenager, his tastes in choosing a clothing style, preferences in music, books and his perception of life are formed. Worldview and aesthetic taste are arranged in a logical chain during direct communication with works of art, but only personal assessment influences the choice and formation of taste. Therefore, it is necessary to encounter the world of art and real masterpieces more often.
The role of art in human life is so great that, once mastering the habit of visiting museums and art galleries, read interesting books, poetry, you will want to touch the spiritual and historical world, meet new and interesting people, learn the artistic creations of other peoples, get acquainted with their history and culture. All this brings variety and bright colors into our lives, contributes to the desire to live better, more interesting. There is a lot of spiritual wealth around us and the role of art in modern world takes no last place. Having touched the beautiful, a person tries to bring as many beautiful things into his life as possible, strives for the perfection of his body and speech, correct behavior and communication with other people. Studying and communicating with art, there is a desire to come up with something new and original, you want to create and invent.
1. The purpose of art.
The question is what role does art play in human life, is as ancient as the first attempts at its theoretical understanding. True, as Stolovich L.N. notes. , at the very dawn of aesthetic thought, sometimes expressed in mythological form, in fact, there was no question. After all, our distant ancestor was sure that piercing an image of a bison with a real or drawn arrow meant ensuring a successful hunt, and performing a war dance meant surely defeating one’s enemies. The question arises: what doubts could there be about the practical effectiveness of art, if it was organically woven into the practical life of people, was inseparable from the craft that created the world of objects and things necessary for the existence of people, was associated with magical rituals, thanks to which people sought to influence the environment? their reality? Is it any wonder that they believed that Orpheus, to whom ancient greek mythology is credited with the invention of music and versification; he could bend tree branches with his singing, move stones and tame wild animals.
The world of artistic images, according to ancient thinkers and artists, “imitated” life and became an integral part of a person’s true life. Euripides, for example, wrote:
No, I will not leave, Muses, your altar...
True life no without art...
But how does it affect a person? amazing world art?
Already ancient aesthetics sought to give answers to this question, but they were not unambiguous. Plato, who recognized only such works of art that strengthen moral principles aristocratic state, emphasized the unity of the aesthetic effectiveness of art and its moral significance.
According to Aristotle, the ability of art to exert a moral and aesthetic influence on a person is based on the “imitation” of reality, shaping the very nature of his feelings: “The habit of experiencing grief or joy when perceiving something that imitates reality leads to the fact that we begin to experience the same feelings when faced with reality.”
Story artistic culture captured many cases when the perception of art served as a direct impulse for the commission of certain actions, for changing the way of life. Having read chivalric novels, the poor hidalgo Kehana turned into Don Quixote of La Mancha and set off on the skinny Rocinante to assert justice in the world. The very image of Don Quixote has since become a household name, serving as an example to follow already in real life.
Thus, we see that the origins of art are in reality, but a work of art represents a special world that presupposes a perception different from the perception of life reality. If the viewer, mistaking art for reality, tries to establish justice by physically dealing with the actor playing the villain, shoots at the movie screen or rushes at the picture with a knife, threatens the novelist, worrying about the fate of the hero of the novel, then all these are obvious symptoms or mental pathology in general, or at least pathology artistic perception.
Art acts not on any one human ability and strength, be it emotion or intellect, but on the person as a whole. It forms, sometimes unconsciously, the very system of human attitudes, the action of which will manifest itself sooner or later and often unpredictably, and does not simply pursue the goal of inducing a person to one or another specific action.
The artistic genius of D. Moore's famous poster “Have you signed up as a volunteer?”, which was so widely propagated during the Second World War, lies in the fact that it is not limited to a momentary pragmatic task, but appeals to the human conscience through all the spiritual abilities of man. Those. The power of art lies in appealing to human conscience and awakening its spiritual abilities. And on this occasion we can cite the famous words of Pushkin:
I think this is the true purpose of art.
Art never gets old. In the book of academician philosopher I.T. Frolov's “Perspectives of Man” contains discussions about why art does not become obsolete. Thus, in particular, he notes: “The reason for this is the unique originality of works of art, their deeply individualized character, ultimately determined by their constant appeal to man. The unique unity of man and the world in a work of art, the “human reality” cognized by it, deeply distinguishes art from science not only by the means used, but also by its very object, always correlated with the personality of the artist, his subjective worldview, while science strives to emerge beyond these limits, rushes to the “suprahuman”, guided by the principle of objectivity. Therefore, science strives for strict unambiguity in the perception of knowledge by man, it finds the appropriate means for this, its own language, while works of art do not have such unambiguity: their perception, refracted through the subjective world of man, gives rise to a whole range of deeply individual shades and tones that make this perception is unusually diverse, although subordinate to a certain direction, general theme» .
This is precisely the secret of the extraordinary influence of art on man, his moral world, lifestyle, behavior. By turning to art, a person goes beyond the limits of rational certainty. Art reveals the mysterious, not amenable to scientific knowledge. That is why a person needs art as an organic part of what lies within himself and in the world that he learns and enjoys.
The famous Danish physicist Niels Bohr wrote: “The reason why art can enrich us is its ability to remind us of harmonies beyond the reach of systematic analysis.” Art often highlights universal, “eternal” problems: what is good and evil, freedom, human dignity. The changing conditions of each era force us to solve these issues anew.
2. The concept of art.
The word "art" is often used in its original, very broad meaning. This is any sophistication, any skill, mastery in the implementation of any tasks that require some kind of perfection of its results. In a narrower sense of the word, this is creativity “according to the laws of beauty.” Works artistic creativity, like works applied arts, are created according to the “laws of beauty”. Works of all types of artistic creativity contain in their content a general awareness of life that exists outside of these works, and this is mainly human, social, national-historical life. If the content of works of art contains a generalizing awareness national-historical life, then in it, therefore, it is necessary to distinguish between the reflection of some general, essential features of life itself and the consciousness of the artist that generalizes them.
A work of art, like all other types of social consciousness, is always a unity of the object cognized in it and the subject cognizing this object. The “inner world” cognizable and reproduced by the lyrical artist, even if it is his own “inner world,” is always still the object of his cognition-cognition active, which includes the selection of essential features of this “inner world” and their comprehension and evaluation.
This means that the essence of lyrical creativity lies in the fact that it generally recognizes mainly the features of human experiences - either in their own temporary state and development, or in their focus on outside world, for example, on a natural phenomenon, as in landscape poetry.
Epic, pantomime, painting, sculpture have enormous differences among themselves, arising from the characteristics of the means and methods of reproducing life in each of them. And yet they are all fine arts, in all of them there are significant features of national- historical life are recognized in their external manifestations.
In primitive, pre-class society, art as a special variety of social consciousness did not yet exist independently. It was then in an undifferentiated, undifferentiated unity with other aspects of syncretic consciousness and the creativity that expresses it - with mythology, magic, religion, with legends about past tribal life, with primitive geographical ideas, with moral requirements.
And then art in the proper sense of the word was divided into other aspects of social consciousness, standing out among them as a special, specific variety. It has become one of the forms of development of social consciousness various peoples. This is how it should be viewed in its later changes.
Thus, art is a special meaningful variety of the consciousness of society; it is artistic content, and not scientific or philosophical. L. Tolstoy, for example, defined art as a means of exchanging feelings, contrasting it with science as a means of exchanging thoughts.
Art is often compared to a reflective mirror. This is not certain. It would be more accurate to say, as Nezhnov, the author of the brochure “Art in Our Life,” noted: art is a special mirror with a unique and inimitable structure, a mirror that reflects reality through the thoughts and feelings of the artist. Through the artist, this mirror reflects those phenomena of life that attracted the artist’s attention and excited him.
3. Artistic socialization of personality and formation aesthetic taste.
At birth, a person does not possess any social qualities. But from the first minutes of his life he is introduced to human society. Growing up and developing, he gradually becomes involved in various communities of people, starting with the family, a group of peers and ending with a social class, nation, and people. The process of forming such qualities of an individual that ensure his inclusion in a certain social integrity is called socialization. In the process of socialization, an individual masters knowledge, norms, values accepted in one or another community of people, but perceives and absorbs them not passively, but refracting them through his individuality, through his life experience. So he becomes a person, representing a unique ensemble of social relations.
Socialization at the same time is also internalization, i.e. the transition of social relations external to the individual into his internal spiritual world.
There are many means and “mechanisms” of socialization, and among them art occupies a special place, which, along with other social institutions and forms, “connects” a person to the interests and needs of society in all its diverse forms. The peculiarities of artistic socialization can be identified and more clearly presented by its formation with other types of socialization of the individual.
The formation of personality and its functioning as a member of society is impossible without morality. Moral norms regulating the behavior of an individual connect him with society. As a result of internalization, gaining moral consciousness and legal consciousness, the personality, as a rule, itself, of its own free will, fulfills moral norms and legal laws.
Art in which objectification and to the greatest extent concentrates a person’s aesthetic attitude towards the world, is an indispensable factor in the socialization of the individual, connecting him with society with the most intimate ties and influencing the most intimate aspects of human behavior. At the same time, familiarization with diverse aesthetic relationships through the development of aesthetic and artistic values is accomplished without any infringement on the sovereignty of the individual himself, but on the contrary, through its development and spiritual enrichment, and, what is extremely important, completely freely.
Aesthetic taste is formed mainly in the process of direct communication with works of art, awakening in a person the ability to aesthetic perception and experience, the ability to make choices and sensory-intellectually evaluate the phenomena of reality in accordance with the social and artistic experience of a person, his social feelings and worldview. It manifests itself in the form of individual assessments, but is always organically connected with the aesthetic, philosophical, ethical, political views of a person, and is determined by the social relations of people.
Consequently, taste is a historically specific system of emotional and evaluative preferences, which is ultimately interpreted and correlated with social and aesthetic ideals of certain classes, social groups, and an individual person.
Since aesthetic taste develops and improves primarily through interaction with works of art, it is very important that people more often encounter the truly real high art.
Throughout human history, many priceless masterpieces have been created. various types art. This spiritual wealth can be mastered by anyone who wants, who understands beneficial influence him, will cultivate first the habit, and then the need for communication with art.
By forming and honing a taste for beauty through art, people then strive to bring beauty into all areas of human life, into life itself, into the behavior and relationships of people, into their environment. Since life is subject to the same laws of beauty as art, a person, through communication with art, strives to create beauty in life and becomes the creator of himself.
So we strive for the perfection of our body and our movements, for beautiful furniture, clothing, housing, as well as for beautiful morals, for beautiful shapes life and communication, to beautiful speech. And this requirement of our aesthetic taste encourages us to fight bad taste.
Bad taste manifests itself in different ways. He takes external beauty, loudness, and clumsiness as true beauty. People with bad taste tend to gravitate towards things that have a direct impact on the external senses, which causes not an aesthetic experience, but physical arousal. A person with bad taste does not like serious art, since it requires from him a certain amount of tension, reflection, effort of feelings and will. He is more satisfied with works that are superficially entertaining, art of primitive forms without deep content.
Bad taste also manifests itself in the form of a kind of snobbery - an easy and at the same time categorical judgment about art. Snobs are characterized by an approach to the phenomena of art from a formal position, a claim to the only correct assessment of works of art, and hence a disdainful attitude towards artistic tastes others.
4. PERSPECTIVE OF ARTISTIC CULTURE IN THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
Artistic core culture-art.
According to the subject of creation, art can be divided into the following groups: folk art, amateur art and professional artistic activity.
Folk artistic creativity is the basis of artistic culture. Reflecting the worldview, aesthetic ideals and tastes of people that spontaneously develop in the process of historical practice, folk art distinguished by originality, originality, national character, humanistic orientation, love of freedom, desire for justice and goodness. In folk collective art accumulated over centuries, tested and refined by many generations artistic images and creative techniques. Continuity and sustainability artistic traditions it successfully combines with individual skill and innovation in handling and the usual means of visual expression, iconic storylines and the like. Versatility, accessibility, brightness and improvisation are integral features folk art.
“In search of a model for the future of Russia, Russian reformers always turned their gaze to Europe, and there were few people who wanted to renew the country on a traditional basis. However, we have values that, due to their nationality and roots, are important for our reforms special meaning. The main thing here is that they do not need to be “imported” from abroad, introduced, or planted. They are traditionally ours, but they need to be restored and revived.”
K.N. Kostrikov, candidate of philosophical sciences, in his work “Historical perspective of artistic culture in the transition period” noted that the isolation of art from the people, lowering the aesthetic level of the mass of people affects the art itself, does not allow it to fulfill it social mission.
A picture that no one looks at is meaningless; music that no one listens to is meaningless. Artistic culture, in principle, must overcome all these contradictions and bring artistic culture, as well as art, onto the broad road of real connection with life. Only through its interaction with the broad masses of the people does artistic culture become a powerful lever for transforming reality. And the wider the circle of social content expressed by art, the more numerous its audience, the more full-blooded, vital, and aesthetically meaningful the art itself, the artistic culture itself. Here we can rightfully see one of the most important specific features art as a type of human activity.
Any product of labor - be it a tool, a tool, a machine or a means of supporting life - is created for some special need. Even spiritual products such as scientific research, may well remain accessible and important to a narrow group of specialists, without losing anything in their social significance. But a work of art can be recognized as such only if its content is universal, “of general interest.” The artist is called upon to express something that is equally important for both the driver and the scientist, which is applicable to their life not only to the extent of the specificity of their profession, but also to the extent of their involvement in the life of the people, their ability to be human, to be an individual.
During the transition period, development national consciousness leads to the fact that big circle people who were previously in their spiritual development did not come into contact with artistic culture at all, but gradually comes into contact with it. Today, many more than ever crave real art, and not a substitute in the form of Western popular culture. The time is coming to analyze all the pros and cons of the past century and begin to educate and form a new, full-fledged person, with his understanding of his mission on this planet. Only this enlightenment must be qualitative and artistically literate, which will form a new person, a person of peace and creation for the good!
To do this, it is necessary to start with the revival of replication and distribution Russian classics and works of national cinema. Urgently establish the functioning of clubs, houses of culture, where ordinary people can in free time engage in amateur creativity, communicating with each other, instead of visiting dubious cultural and health centers. Domestic literary classics are necessary, like air, for today’s newly-minted writers of the transitional time, who, without deep mastery national history will not be able to rise to the level great literature.
The art of words in it higher manifestations always imbued with aspiration for the future. Orientation towards the future is one of the main specific properties of artistic creativity, distinguishing it from other types of human activity, directed primarily towards modernity. At the same time, almost every genuine artist is simultaneously marked by the deepest attention to the past.
Movement into the future - a movement real and mental, striving to understand where we are going - is, in fact, comparable to movement “at night in unfamiliar terrain.” And the only way to check the direction is to look back into the past, this check is “happening now”, it has been and is always being done.
Conclusion
The development of the ability of artistic perception, therefore, is at the same time the education of taste, the content of which is broader, since it embraces not only the phenomena of art, but also the whole of reality in its aesthetic originality. Taste is formed not only in communication with art, but throughout the entire life of an individual, under the direct influence environment, and, therefore, the quality of aesthetic taste will depend on what the art is and what the environment is.
I would like to conclude my work with the words of the German writer, poet and statesman of the GDR Johannes Becher:
“Living beautifully is not just an empty sound,
Only the one who multiplied beauty in the world
Through labor and struggle, he lived his life beautifully,
Truly crowned with beauty!”
References
1. Aristotle. Op. in 4 volumes. M., 1983. T. 4
2. Euripides. Tragedies. M., 1969 T.1
3. K.N. Kostrikov. “Historical perspective of artistic culture in the transition period.” // Social policy and sociology. No. 3-2004. P.102-113
4. Nazarenko-Krivosheina E.P. Are you beautiful, man? - M.: Like. Guard, 1987.
5. Nezhnov G.G. Art in our lives. - M., “Knowledge”, 1975
6. Pospelov G.N. Art and aesthetics. - M.: Art, 1984.
7. Pushkin A.S. Full collection op. in 6 volumes. T.2
8. Solntsev N.V. Heritage and time. M., 1996.
9. Stolovich L.N. Life-creativity - man: Functions of an artist. activities. - M.: Politizdat, 1985.
Stolovich L.N. Life-creativity-man: Functions of artistic activity. - M.: Politizdat, 1985. P. 3
Euripides. Tragedies. M., 1969. T.1 P. 432
Aristotle.Op. in 4 volumes. M., 1983. T.4. With. 637
Pushkin A.S. Full collection op. in 6 volumes. T.2 P.7
Nazarenko-Krivosheina E.P. Are you beautiful, man? - M.: Like. Guard, 1987. P. 151
Pospelov G.N. Art and aesthetics. - M.: Art, 1984. P. 3
Secrecy is the fusion, indivisibility of various aspects of primitive consciousness.
Nezhnov G.G. Art in our life. - M., “Knowledge”, 1975. P. 29
Solntsev N.V., Heritage and time. M., 1996. P. 94
K.N. Kostrikov. Historical perspective of artistic culture in the transition period.//"Social Policy and Sociology". No. 3-2004. P. 108
Gorina Elena, 17 years old
BOU NPO "PU No. 33" Nazyvaevsk
Head Bondarkova Tatyana Viktorovna,
Teacher of Russian language and literature
The role of art in society
(essay)
The culture of the people took many centuries to develop. Art is a creative understanding of the world around us by a talented person. The beauty of it is that it is created by a select few, but belongs to millions and is passed on from generation to generation. The beautiful creations of Raphael and Aivazovsky, Dante and Shakespeare, Mozart and Tchaikovsky, Pushkin and Lermontov are immortal. “All types of art serve the greatest of arts - the art of living on earth,” Bertolt Brecht rightly noted. The culture of past generations created us today. Without the past there is no present and there can be no future.
Questions about the role of art in society, about the artist’s responsibility for his work are reflected in N.V. Gogol’s story “Portrait”. Through the image of the artist Chartkov, the writer shows that there are obstacles on the path of a true creator: this is the desire to become famous, and the desire to quickly get rich in money. An artist, like any person, is subject to temptation. “In passion for art,” Gogol said, “there is a lot of tempting charm of infatuation - but only in combination with love for the good, for the bright in a person, can it enlighten both the creator and those for whom he creates.”
The main character chooses a different path. He destroys beautiful paintings, kills goodness. And talent, separated from goodness, is a destroyer of personality. And the author pronounces the verdict: “Glory cannot give pleasure to those who stole it and did not deserve it.” After all, not every person is endowed with talent, therefore he must skillfully direct his abilities and strengths, must spread love, light, warmth, and teach. In general, N.V. Gogol even considered art as a variety civil service. He who has talent should be cleaner.
Talent without faith, without repentance for sins did not bring any benefit to Chartkov, who was unable to cleanse his soul and went crazy, and will not benefit people either.
True art must have a good, humane beginning with centuries-old traditions. And today's society, where many are lost moral values, where a person is most often judged by his financial situation, one must learn to see beauty, be able to admire it, and improve oneself. We need to listen to words of wisdom writer, actor, director and just a person Vasily Makarovich Shukshin:
“Literature should help us understand what is happening to us.” It is impossible for everyone to be creators, but it is within our power to try to penetrate into the essence of the creation of a genius, to come closer to understanding the beautiful.
I'm sure it's wonderful work of art can influence a person, can make him kinder and cleaner, more honest and sensitive.