The Russian school of composition, the successor of whose traditions were the Soviet and today's Russian schools, began in the 19th century with composers who united European musical art with the Russians folk melodies, linking together the European form and the Russian spirit.
About each of these famous people you can tell a lot, everyone is not simple, and sometimes tragic fates, but in this review we tried to give only brief description life and work of composers.
1. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka
(1804-1857)
Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka during the composition of the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”. 1887, artist Ilya Efimovich Repin
“To create beauty, you yourself must be pure in soul.”
Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka is the founder of Russian classical music and the first Russian classical composer to achieve world fame. His works, based on the centuries-old traditions of Russian folk music, were a new word in the musical art of our country.
Born in the Smolensk province, he received his education in St. Petersburg. The formation of the worldview and the main idea of Mikhail Glinka’s work was facilitated by direct communication with such personalities as A.S. Pushkin, V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S. Griboyedov, A.A. Delvig. The creative impetus for his work was added by a long-term trip to Europe in the early 1830s and meetings with the leading composers of the time - V. Bellini, G. Donizetti, F. Mendelssohn and later with G. Berlioz, J. Meyerbeer.
Success came to M.I. Glinka in 1836, after the production of the opera “Ivan Susanin” (“Life for the Tsar”), which was enthusiastically received by everyone; for the first time in world music, Russian choral art and European symphonic and operatic practice were organically combined, and a hero like Susanin also appeared, whose image summarizes the best features of the national character.
V.F. Odoevsky described the opera as “a new element in Art, and a new period begins in its history - the period of Russian music.”
The second opera is the epic “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (1842), work on which was carried out against the backdrop of Pushkin’s death and in the difficult living conditions of the composer, due to the deeply innovative nature of the work, was received ambiguously by the audience and the authorities, and brought difficult times for M.I. Glinka experiences. After that, he traveled a lot, alternately living in Russia and abroad, without stopping composing. His legacy includes romances, symphonic and chamber works. In the 1990s, Mikhail Glinka's "Patriotic Song" was the official anthem of the Russian Federation.
Quote about M.I. Glinka:“The entire Russian symphonic school, like the entire oak tree in an acorn, is contained in symphonic fantasy"Kamarinskaya". P.I.Tchaikovsky
Interesting fact: Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka was no different good health, despite this, he was very easy-going and knew geography very well; perhaps, if he had not become a composer, he would have become a traveler. He knew six foreign languages, including Persian.
2. Alexander Porfirievich Borodin
(1833-1887)
Alexander Porfirievich Borodin, one of the leading Russian composers of the second half of the 19th century, in addition to his talent as a composer, was a chemist, doctor, teacher, critic and had literary talent.
Born in St. Petersburg, from childhood everyone around him noted his unusual activity, passion and abilities in various directions, primarily in music and chemistry.
A.P. Borodin is a Russian composer-nugget, he did not have professional musician teachers, all his achievements in music are thanks to independent work on mastering compositing techniques.
The formation of A.P. Borodin was influenced by the work of M.I. Glinka (as indeed all Russian composers of the 19th century), and the impetus for intensive study of composition in the early 1860s was given by two events - firstly, his acquaintance and marriage with the talented pianist E.S. Protopopova, and secondly, a meeting with M.A. Balakirev and joining the creative community of Russian composers, known as the “Mighty Handful”.
In the late 1870s and 1880s, A.P. Borodin traveled and toured a lot in Europe and America, met with leading composers of his time, his fame grew, he became one of the most famous and popular Russian composers in Europe at the end of the 19th century. th century.
The central place in the work of A.P. Borodin is occupied by the opera “Prince Igor” (1869-1890), which is an example of national heroic epic in music and which he himself did not have time to complete (it was completed by his friends A.A. Glazunov and N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov). In “Prince Igor”, against the backdrop of majestic paintings historical events, reflected the main idea throughout the composer's work - courage, calm greatness, spiritual nobility of the best Russian people and the mighty strength of the entire Russian people, manifested in the defense of their homeland.
Despite the fact that A.P. Borodin left relatively a large number of works, his work is very diverse and he is considered one of the fathers of Russian symphonic music, who influenced many generations of Russian and foreign composers.
Quote about A.P. Borodin:“Borodin’s talent is equally powerful and amazing in symphony, opera and romance. Its main qualities are gigantic strength and width, colossal scope, swiftness and impetuosity, combined with amazing passion, tenderness and beauty.” V.V. Stasov
Interesting fact: Named after Borodin chemical reaction silver salts of carboxylic acids with halogens, resulting in halogenated hydrocarbons, which he first investigated in 1861.
3. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky
(1839-1881)
“The sounds of human speech, as outward manifestations of thought and feeling, must, without exaggeration and violence, become music that is truthful, accurate, but artistic, highly artistic.”
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky is one of the most brilliant Russian composers of the 19th century, a member of the Mighty bunch" Mussorgsky's innovative work was far ahead of its time.
Born in the Pskov province. Like many talented people, from childhood he showed abilities in music, studied in St. Petersburg, was, family tradition, military. The decisive event that determined that Mussorgsky was not born for military service, and for music, it was his meeting with M.A. Balakirev and joining the “Mighty Handful”.
Mussorgsky is great because in his grandiose works - the operas "Boris Godunov" and "Khovanshchina" - he captured dramatic milestones in music Russian history with radical novelty, which Russian music had not known before him, showing in them a combination of mass folk scenes and a diverse wealth of types, the unique character of the Russian people. These operas, in numerous editions, both by the author and by other composers, are among the most popular Russian operas in the world.
Another outstanding work of Mussorgsky is the cycle of piano pieces "Pictures at an Exhibition", colorful and inventive miniatures permeated with a Russian theme-refrain and Orthodox faith.
Mussorgsky's life had everything - both greatness and tragedy, but he was always distinguished by genuine spiritual purity and selflessness.
His last years were difficult - unsettled life, lack of recognition of creativity, loneliness, addiction to alcohol, all this determined him early death at 42, he left relatively few works, some of which were completed by other composers.
The specific melody and innovative harmony of Mussorgsky anticipated some features musical development 20th century and played an important role in the formation of the styles of many world composers.
Quote about M.P. Mussorgsky:“The original Russian sounds in everything that Mussorgsky created” N.K. Roerich
Interesting fact: At the end of his life, Mussorgsky, under pressure from his “friends” Stasov and Rimsky-Korsakov, renounced the copyright to his works and donated them to Tertius Filippov.
4. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
(1840-1893)
“I am an artist who can and should bring honor to my Motherland. I feel great in myself artistic power, I haven't done even a tenth of what I can do yet. And I want to do this with all the strength of my soul.”
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, perhaps the greatest Russian composer of the 19th century, raised the unprecedented height Russian musical art. He is one of the most important composers of world classical music.
A native of the Vyatka province, although his paternal roots are in Ukraine, Tchaikovsky showed from childhood musical abilities, however, my first education and work was in the field of jurisprudence.
Tchaikovsky was one of the first Russian “professional” composers; he studied music theory and composition at the new St. Petersburg Conservatory.
Tchaikovsky was considered a “Western” composer, as opposed to the popular figures of the “Mighty Handful”, with whom he had good creative and friendly relations, but his work is no less permeated with the Russian spirit, he managed to uniquely combine the Western symphonic heritage of Mozart, Beethoven and Schumann with the Russians traditions inherited from Mikhail Glinka.
The composer led active life- was a teacher, conductor, critic, public figure, worked in two capitals, toured Europe and America.
Tchaikovsky was a rather emotionally unstable person; enthusiasm, despondency, apathy, hot temper, violent anger - all these moods changed in him quite often; being a very sociable person, he always strived for loneliness.
To highlight something best from Tchaikovsky’s work - difficult task, he has several works of equal magnitude in almost all musical genres - opera, ballet, symphony, chamber music. And the content of Tchaikovsky’s music is universal: with inimitable melodicism it embraces images of life and death, love, nature, childhood, it reveals works of Russian and world literature in a new way, and reflects the deep processes of spiritual life.
Composer quote:“Life has beauty only when it consists of alternation of joys and sorrows, of the struggle between good and evil, of light and shadow, in a word - of diversity in unity.”
“Great talent requires great hard work.”
Quote about the composer: “I am ready to stand as a guard of honor day and night at the porch of the house where Pyotr Ilyich lives - that is how much I respect him.” A.P. Chekhov
Interesting fact: The University of Cambridge awarded Tchaikovsky the title of Doctor of Music in absentia and without defending a dissertation, as did the Paris Academy Fine Arts elected him a corresponding member.
5. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov
(1844-1908)
N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov and A.K. Glazunov with their students M.M. Chernov and V.A. Senilov. Photo 1906 Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov is a talented Russian composer, one of the most important figures in the creation of an invaluable Russian musical heritage. His unique world and worship of the eternal all-encompassing beauty of the universe, admiration for the miracle of existence, unity with nature have no analogues in the history of music.
Born in the Novgorod province, according to family tradition he became a naval officer, and traveled around many countries in Europe and the two Americas on a warship. Musical education received first from his mother, then taking private lessons from pianist F. Canille. And again, thanks to M.A. Balakirev, the organizer of the “Mighty Handful,” who introduced Rimsky-Korsakov into the musical community and influenced his work, the world did not lose a talented composer.
The central place in Rimsky-Korsakov's legacy is made up of operas - 15 works demonstrating the diversity of genre, stylistic, dramatic, compositional solutions of the composer, nevertheless having a special style - with all the richness of the orchestral component, the main ones are melodic vocal lines.
Two main directions distinguish the composer’s work: the first is Russian history, the second is the world of fairy tales and epics, for which he received the nickname “storyteller.”
In addition to direct independent creative activity N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov is known as a publicist, compiler of collections folk songs, in which he showed great interest, and also as a completer of the works of his friends - Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky and Borodin. Rimsky-Korsakov was the creator composer school, as a teacher and director of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, he trained about two hundred composers, conductors, and musicologists, among them Prokofiev and Stravinsky.
Quote about the composer:“Rimsky-Korsakov was a very Russian man and a very Russian composer. I believe that this primordially Russian essence of it, its deep folklore-Russian basis should be especially appreciated today.” Mstislav Rostropovich
Fact about the composer: Nikolai Andreevich began his first counterpoint lesson like this:
- Now I will talk a lot, and you will listen very carefully. Then I will talk less, and you will listen and think, and finally, I will not speak at all, and you will think with your own head and work independently, because my task as a teacher is to become unnecessary to you...
Music is one of the most beautiful creations of humanity. It is capable of influencing the innermost strings of the soul, inducing noble and even...
From Masterweb
20.04.2018 20:00Music is one of the most beautiful creations of humanity. It is capable of influencing the innermost strings of the soul, inducing noble and even heroic deeds. To write a work that would move the hearts of people for many decades or centuries, you need to be “kissed by God” and have innate talent. We invite you to find out who the most famous composers of classical music are, who created the most famous operas, concerts, symphonies and ballets.
Saint Hildegard of Bingen
This 12th-century nun is considered the “mother of opera.” She recorded more than 70 chants, including the composition Ordo Virtutum. There are 16 female parties of “Virtues” and one male party, personifying the Devil. The music of Saint Hildegard greatly influenced Renaissance composers.
Guillaume Dufay
The illegitimate son of a priest was raised from childhood at the cathedral of the French city of Combray and sang in the church choir.
He was subsequently recognized as the most famous among European composers of the 15th century. Dufay's merit is that he managed to combine medieval techniques with harmonies and phrasing characteristic of the early Renaissance. Along with masses, he also wrote chansons. To his song L’homme armé, King Philip the Good gathered troops for a crusade against the Turks.
Giovanni da Palestrina
The composer, also known by the nickname Giannetto, lived in the 16th century in Italy. To him, humanity owes the creation of the phenomenon known as polyphonic singing for Catholic worship.
Thanks to Giannetto, the Council of Trent brought about a reform in church music. Pope Pius the Fourth compared the masses he wrote to the singing that St. John the Apostle “heard in heavenly Jerusalem.”
Antonio Vivaldi
The work “The Seasons” alone by this great Italian is enough for him to be included in the list of “Famous Composers of All Time”. Vivaldi is considered the musician thanks to whom the transition from heavy-sounding baroque music to light classical music took place. Along with serious works, he wrote many charming serenades, and also went down in history as a genius capable of creating a 3-act opera in 5 days.
Moreover, many historians believe that it was he who, more than his other contemporary colleagues, influenced the formation of many famous classical composers subsequent generations.
George Frideric Handel
Already at the age of 11, young Georg was a court harpsichordist at the court of the Elector of Berlin. He was born in the same year as Johann Sebastian Bach, but unlike the latter, he was not a hereditary musician.
As a famous composer, Handel told one of his admirers that his goal was always to make people better through his music.
Johann Sebastian Bach
The most famous composers of the 19th and 20th centuries more than once called this great musician their teacher. In total, he wrote more than 1,000 works and went down in history as one of the most virtuoso organists of all time. In addition, Johann Sebastian Bach is recognized as a master of polyphony, as well as the creator of masterpieces of keyboard music.
Ludwig van Beethoven, born 20 years after the death of his elder colleague, called him “the true father of harmony,” and famous philosopher Georg Hegel - "an erudite genius."
Subsequently, many famous composers, such as Liszt, Schumann, Brahms, etc., wanting to express their respect to him, included Bach’s musical phrases in their works.
Franz Joseph Haydn
The musician lived his entire life in Austria and, in his own words, was “doomed to become original,” since he was isolated from other composers and did not have the opportunity to get acquainted with the trends of contemporary music.
Only at the age of 47 could Haydn change the terms of the contract, according to which for 18 years all his works were considered the property of the Hungarian magnate Esterhazy clan. This allowed him to write the kind of music he wanted and achieve international fame.
In the field of writing instrumental music Haydn is rightly considered one of the most famous composers of the second half of the XVIII And early XIX centuries.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
There is probably no such famous classical music composer whose works are as popular today as Mozart’s compositions. Even many rock stars perform them in modern adaptations and use famous rappers as accompaniment.
Amadeus's musical heritage amounts to more than six hundred compositions. He belongs to the geniuses whose musical talent manifested itself in the very early age. Already at the age of 5, Wolfgang began to write his first works, and at 6 he could play the harpsichord and violin excellently.
The composer’s masterpieces include “Requiem”, “The Marriage of Figaro”, “Turkish March”, “Little Night Serenade”, “Don Juan”, 41 symphonies, etc. They amaze with their perfection and ease of perception. Even those who do not consider themselves fans of classical music enjoy listening to arias from the composer’s operas.
Giuseppe Verdi
Those who are interested in vocal art will recognize that one of the most famous composers who worked in this genre is, of course, Giuseppe Verdi. His operas are most often staged on the most famous stages around the world. Many of Verdi's arias are among the most performed classical works.
During his lifetime, the composer was often criticized for pandering to tastes common people. However, subsequent generations recognized many of his works as masterpieces of world art. They are particularly melodious and can be easily reproduced even by those who do not have special skills. musical ear and singing talent.
Ludwig van Beethoven
The composer is recognized as a key figure who ensured the transition from romanticism to classicism. Beethoven wrote in all contemporary musical genres. However, his instrumental works are best known, including his overtures, symphonies, sonatas and several concertos for violin and piano.
One of the composer’s most frequently performed works is “Ode to Joy,” which was included in Beethoven’s 9th Symphony. It is recognized as the official EU anthem.
Richard Wagner
In the list of "Famous" music composers Germany XIX century" Wagner occupies a special place, as he is considered a kind of revolutionary. His works are distinguished by rich chromaticism, harmony and orchestration. Wagner introduced the concept of leitmotif into musical art: a theme associated with a specific character, as well as plot and place. In addition, the composer is the founder of musical drama, who had a great influence on the development of classical music.
Johann Strauss
When listing the names of famous composers, they often indicate only musicians who created and are creating serious works. However, the Waltz King Johann Strauss certainly deserves to be included among the people who made the greatest contribution to the development of musical culture humanity.
In total, Strauss wrote more than 500 works in the dance genre. Many of his waltzes are still popular today, and are listened to even by those who are not fans of classical music.
Frederic Chopin
This Polish composer is considered one of the most prominent representatives of romanticism in world musical culture. In addition, Chopin is the founder of the Polish school of composition. He contributed a lot to the recognition and increasing the authority of his homeland in Europe. Among the works of this famous composer, a special place is occupied by waltzes, which are considered to be a kind of autobiography of Chopin
Antonin Dvorak
The famous Czech composer made a huge contribution to the development of Czech national music. Among other things, he was a virtuoso violinist and violist. He managed to gain worldwide popularity, as classical music lovers were attracted by the symbiosis of elements of the national music of Bohemia and Moravia with European classics.
Dvorek's most famous works include Symphony No. 9 "From the New World", "Requiem", the opera "Rusalka", "Slavic Dances", "American" String Quartet and Stabat Mater.
Famous composers of Russia
Our country has made a significant contribution to the development of the musical culture of mankind.
The most famous composers of Russia are:
- Mikhail Glinka. The composer, who worked in the first half of the 19th century, was the first to create large-scale works based on Russian folk songs. Its the most famous work is the opera “Ivan Susanin”, in which Glinka managed to combine the traditions of Russian choral singing and European opera art.
- Pyotr Tchaikovsky. This great musician is one of the most famous composers in the world.
Tchaikovsky considered one of his most important missions to be increasing the glory of his homeland. And he succeeded to the fullest, since today melodies from his works are performed in all corners of the planet, and his ballets are staged on the most famous stage venues in the world. Tchaikovsky's works are especially famous, such as the ballets " Swan Lake", "The Nutcracker", "Sleeping Beauty", etc.
- Sergei Prokofiev. The ballet "Romeo and Juliet" by this composer is considered one of best works this genre of the 20th century. His achievements also include the creation own style, recognized as a new word in world musical art.
- Dmitry Shostakovich. During the siege of Leningrad, the whole world was shocked by the premiere performance of " Leningrad Symphony"of the composer. Shostakovich managed to convey through the language of music the determination of the city’s defenders to fight to the last drop of blood. Despite persecution and accusations of bourgeois decadence, the composer continued to create original works that put him on par with the most famous composers of the 20th century.
Famous composers of our time
It just so happens that the general public today has very little interest in serious music. Most often, fame comes to composers if they write music for films. Among the most popular composers last decades The following can be distinguished:
- Michel Legrand. Initially, the composer gained fame as a virtuoso pianist and conductor of classical music. However, he gained wide popularity thanks to his film works. His music for the opera film The Umbrellas of Cherbourg brought Legrand his first Oscar nomination. Later, the composer received this award three times, and also received the Benois Dance Prize for the ballet Liliom.
- Ludovico Einaudi. This Italian composer prefers a minimalist style and also successfully combines classical music with other musical styles. To a wide circle For music lovers, Einaudi is known for his soundtracks, for example, everyone knows the melody he wrote for the French film “1 + 1”.
- Philip Glass. The composer initially worked in the field of classical music, but over time he was able to blur the line between it and modern musical trends. For several decades, Glass has been playing in his own group, the Philip Glass Ensemble. Film buffs are familiar with his works written for the films “The Illusionist”, “The Truman Show”, “Taste of Life” and “Fantastic Four”.
- Giovanni Marradi. The composer has nothing to do with cinema, but has gained popularity thanks to the retro-classical sound of his works, in which he uses motifs from previous centuries.
Now you know the names of the most famous composers. The music they created in different centuries, and today is capable of awakening the kindest and high feelings, even in the hardened souls of people who have forgotten about high ideals.
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Any of the composers discussed in this article can easily be called the greatest composer of classical music that has ever existed.
Although it is impossible to compare music created over several centuries, all these composers stand out very clearly against the background of their contemporaries. In their works they sought to expand the boundaries of classical music, to reach new heights in it that were previously unattainable.
All of the great classical music composers listed below are worthy of first place, so the list is presented not by the importance of the composer, but as information for reference.
For world classics, Beethoven is a very significant figure. One of the most performed composers in the world. He composed his works in absolutely all existing genres of his time. It is a harbinger of the period of romanticism in music. Instrumental works are recognized as the most significant of the entire legacy left by Ludwig van Beethoven.
The greatest composer and organist in the history of world music. is a representative of the Baroque era. Throughout his life he wrote over a thousand works, however, only about a dozen were published during his lifetime. He worked in all genres of his time with the exception of opera. He is the founder of the Bach dynasty, the most famous in music.
The composer and conductor, a virtuoso violinist and organist from Austria, had an incredible musical memory and amazing hearing. Started creating with early years and excelled in all genres of music, for which he is rightfully recognized as one of the great composers of classical music in history.
Mozart’s most enigmatic and mysterious work, “Requiem,” was never completed by the author. The reason for this was sudden death at the age of thirty-five. His student Franz Süssmayer completed work on the Requiem.
Great German composer, playwright, conductor and philosopher. Had a huge influence on modernism and the whole European culture at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
By order of Ludwig II of Bavaria, a Opera theatre according to Wagner's ideas. It was intended exclusively for the composer's works. Wagner's musical dramas are shown there to this day.
Russian composer, conductor and musical critic is one of the best melodists in the world. His work made a huge contribution to the development of world classics. He is a very popular composer among classical music lovers. In his works, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky successfully combined the style of Western symphonies with Russian traditions.
A great composer from Austria, and a conductor, and a violinist, and recognized by all the peoples of the world as the “King of the Waltz”. His work was devoted to light dance music and operetta. His heritage includes over five hundred waltzes, quadrilles, polkas, and also several operettas and ballets. In the nineteenth century, thanks to Strauss, the waltz gained incredible popularity in Vienna.
Italian composer, virtuoso guitarist and violinist. A very bright and unusual personality musical history, is a recognized genius in the world art of music. The entire work of this great man was shrouded in a certain mystery, thanks to Paganini himself. He discovered new things in his works that no one had previously known species violin technique. He is also one of the founders of romanticism in music.
All these great composers of classical music had a very great influence on its development and advancement. Their music, tested by time and entire generations, is in demand today, maybe even in much greater times. to a greater extent than during their lifetime. They created immortal works who continue to live and pass on to the next generations, carrying emotions and feelings that make us think about the eternal.
So, one of greatest composers Ludwig van Beethoven has been recognized for the third century now. His works leave a deep imprint on the souls and minds of the most sophisticated listeners. A real success in its time was the premiere of the composer’s 9th symphony in D minor, in the finale of which the famous choral “Ode to Joy” sounds to a text by Schiller. One of the modern films shows a good montage of the entire symphony. Be sure to check it out!
L. van Beethoven Symphony No. 9, D minor (video editing)
The World's Greatest Composers of All Time: Lists in Chronological and Alphabetical Order, Reference Books and Works
100 Great Composers of the World
List of composers in chronological order
1. Josquin Despres (1450 –1521)
2. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525 –1594)
3. Claudio Monteverdi (1567 –1643)
4. Heinrich Schütz (1585 –1672)
5. Jean Baptiste Lully (1632 –1687)
6. Henry Purcell (1658 –1695)
7. Arcangelo Corelli (1653 –1713)
8. Antonio Vivaldi (1678 –1741)
9. Jean Philippe Rameau (1683 –1764)
10. George Handel (1685 –1759)
11. Domenico Scarlatti (1685 –1757)
12. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 –1750)
13. Christoph Willibald Gluck (1713 –1787)
14. Joseph Haydn (1732 –1809)
15. Antonio Salieri (1750 –1825)
16. Dmitry Stepanovich Bortnyansky (1751 –1825)
17. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 –1791)
18. Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770 –1826)
19. Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778 –1837)
20. Nicollo Paganini (1782 –1840)
21. Giacomo Meyerbeer (1791 –1864)
22. Carl Maria von Weber (1786 –1826)
23. Gioachino Rossini (1792 –1868)
24. Franz Schubert (1797 –1828)
25. Gaetano Donizetti (1797 –1848)
26. Vincenzo Bellini (1801 –1835)
27. Hector Berlioz (1803 –1869)
28. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (1804 –1857)
29. Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy (1809 –1847)
30. Fryderyk Chopin (1810 –1849)
31. Robert Schumann (1810 –1856)
32. Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky (1813 –1869)
33. Franz Liszt (1811 –1886)
34. Richard Wagner (1813 –1883)
35. Giuseppe Verdi (1813 –1901)
36. Charles Gounod (1818 –1893)
37. Stanislav Moniuszko (1819 –1872)
38. Jacques Offenbach (1819 –1880)
39. Alexander Nikolaevich Serov (1820 –1871)
40. Cesar Frank (1822 –1890)
41. Bedřich Smetana (1824 –1884)
42. Anton Bruckner (1824 –1896)
43. Johann Strauss (1825 –1899)
44. Anton Grigorievich Rubinstein (1829 –1894)
45. Johannes Brahms (1833 –1897)
46. Alexander Porfirievich Borodin (1833 –1887)
47. Camille Saint-Saens (1835 –1921)
48. Leo Delibes (1836 –1891)
49. Mily Alekseevich Balakirev (1837 –1910)
50. Georges Bizet (1838 –1875)
51. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839 –1881)
52. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840 –1893)
53. Antonin Dvorak (1841 –1904)
54. Jules Massenet (1842 –1912)
55. Edvard Grieg (1843 –1907)
56. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov (1844 –1908)
57. Gabriel Fauré (1845 –1924)
58. Leos Janacek (1854 –1928)
59. Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (1855 –1914)
60. Sergei Ivanovich Taneyev (1856 –1915)
61. Ruggero Leoncavallo (1857 –1919)
62. Giacomo Puccini (1858 –1924)
63. Hugo Wolf (1860 –1903)
64. Gustav Mahler (1860 –1911)
65. Claude Debussy (1862 –1918)
66. Richard Strauss (1864 –1949)
67. Alexander Tikhonovich Grechaninov (1864 –1956)
68. Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov (1865 –1936)
69. Jean Sibelius (1865 –1957)
70. Franz Lehár (1870 –1945)
71. Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin (1872 –1915)
72. Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninov (1873 –1943)
73. Arnold Schoenberg (1874 –1951)
74. Maurice Ravel (1875 –1937)
75. Nikolai Karlovich Medtner (1880 –1951)
76. Bela Bartok (1881 –1945)
77. Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky (1881 –1950)
78. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky (1882 –1971)
79. Anton Webern (1883 –1945)
80. Imre Kalman (1882 –1953)
81. Alban Berg (1885 –1935)
82. Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev (1891 –1953)
83. Arthur Honegger (1892 –1955)
84. Darius Milhaud (1892 –1974)
85. Carl Orff (1895 –1982)
86. Paul Hindemith (1895 –1963)
87. George Gershwin (1898 –1937)
88. Isaac Osipovich Dunaevsky (1900 –1955)
89. Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (1903 –1978)
90. Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich (1906 –1975)
91. Tikhon Nikolaevich Khrennikov (born in 1913)
92. Benjamin Britten (1913 –1976)
93. Georgy Vasilievich Sviridov (1915 –1998)
94. Leonard Bernstein (1918 –1990)
95. Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (born in 1932)
96. Krzysztof Penderecki (born 1933)
97. Alfred Garievich Schnittke (1934 –1998)
98. Bob Dylan (b. 1941)
99. John Lennon (1940–1980) and Paul McCartney (b. 1942)
100. Sting (born 1951)
MASTERPIECES OF CLASSICAL MUSIC
The most famous composers in the world
List of composers in alphabetical order
| N | Composer | Nationality | Direction | Year |
| 1 | Albinoni Tomaso | Italian | Baroque | 1671-1751 |
| 2 | Arensky Anton (Antony) Stepanovich | Russian | Romanticism | 1861-1906 |
| 3 | Baini Giuseppe | Italian | Church music - Renaissance | 1775-1844 |
| 4 | Balakirev Miliy Alekseevich | Russian | "Mighty Handful" - nationally oriented Russian music school | 1836/37-1910 |
| 5 | Bach Johann Sebastian | German | Baroque | 1685-1750 |
| 6 | Bellini Vincenzo | Italian | Romanticism | 1801-1835 |
| 7 | Berezovsky Maxim Sozontovich | Russian-Ukrainian | Classicism | 1745-1777 |
| 8 | Beethoven Ludwig van | German | between classicism and romanticism | 1770-1827 |
| 9 | Bizet (Bizet) Georges | French | Romanticism | 1838-1875 |
| 10 | Boito Arrigo | Italian | Romanticism | 1842-1918 |
| 11 | Boccherini Luigi | Italian | Classicism | 1743-1805 |
| 12 | Borodin Alexander Porfirievich | Russian | Romanticism - “The Mighty Handful” | 1833-1887 |
| 13 | Bortnyansky Dmitry Stepanovich | Russian-Ukrainian | Classicism - Church music | 1751-1825 |
| 14 | Brahms Johannes | German | Romanticism | 1833-1897 |
| 15 | Wagner Wilhelm Richard | German | Romanticism | 1813-1883 |
| 16 | Varlamov Alexander Egorovich | Russian | Russian folk music | 1801-1848 |
| 17 | Weber Carl Maria von | German | Romanticism | 1786-1826 |
| 18 | Verdi Giuseppe Fortunio Francesco | Italian | Romanticism | 1813-1901 |
| 19 | Verstovsky Alexey Nikolaevich | Russian | Romanticism | 1799-1862 |
| 20 | Vivaldi Antonio | Italian | Baroque | 1678-1741 |
| 21 | Villa-Lobos Heitor | Brazilian | Neoclassicism | 1887-1959 |
| 22 | Wolf-Ferrari Ermanno | Italian | Romanticism | 1876-1948 |
| 23 | Haydn Franz Joseph | Austrian | Classicism | 1732-1809 |
| 24 | Handel George Frideric | German | Baroque | 1685-1759 |
| 25 | Gershwin George | American | - | 1898-1937 |
| 26 | Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich | Russian | Romanticism - “The Mighty Handful” | 1865-1936 |
| 27 | Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich | Russian | Classicism | 1804-1857 |
| 28 | Glier Reingold Moritsevich | Russian and Soviet | - | 1874/75-1956 |
| 29 | Gluk (Gluk) Christoph Willibald | German | Classicism | 1714-1787 |
| 30 | Granados, Granados y Campina Enrique | Spanish | Romanticism | 1867-1916 |
| 31 | Grechaninov Alexander Tikhonovich | Russian | Romanticism | 1864-1956 |
| 32 | Grieg Edward Haberup | Norwegian | Romanticism | 1843-1907 |
| 33 | Hummel, Hummel (Hummel) Johann (Jan) Nepomuk | Austrian - Czech nationality | Classicism-Romanticism | 1778-1837 |
| 34 | Gounod Charles Francois | French | Romanticism | 1818-1893 |
| 35 | Gurilev Alexander Lvovich | Russian | - | 1803-1858 |
| 36 | Dargomyzhsky Alexander Sergeevich | Russian | Romanticism | 1813-1869 |
| 37 | Dvorjak Antonin | Czech | Romanticism | 1841-1904 |
| 38 | Debussy Claude Achille | French | Romanticism | 1862-1918 |
| 39 | Delibes Clément Philibert Leo | French | Romanticism | 1836-1891 |
| 40 | Destouches Andre Cardinal | French | Baroque | 1672-1749 |
| 41 | Degtyarev Stepan Anikievich | Russian | Church music | 1776-1813 |
| 42 | Giuliani Mauro | Italian | Classicism-Romanticism | 1781-1829 |
| 43 | Dinicu Grigorash | Romanian | 1889-1949 | |
| 44 | Donizetti Gaetano | Italian | Classicism-Romanticism | 1797-1848 |
| 45 | Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Mikhailovich | Russian-Soviet composer | 20th-century classical composers | 1859-1935 |
| 46 | Kabalevsky Dmitry Borisovich | Russian-Soviet composer | 20th-century classical composers | 1904-1987 |
| 47 | Kalinnikov Vasily Sergeevich | Russian | Russian musical classics | 1866-1900/01 |
| 48 | Kalman Imre (Emmerich) | Hungarian | 20th-century classical composers | 1882-1953 |
| 49 | Cui Caesar Antonovich | Russian | Romanticism - “The Mighty Handful” | 1835-1918 |
| 50 | Leoncovallo Ruggiero | Italian | Romanticism | 1857-1919 |
| 51 | Liszt (Liszt) Ferenc (Franz) | Hungarian | Romanticism | 1811-1886 |
| 52 | Lyadov Anatoly Konstantinovich | Russian | 20th-century classical composers | 1855-1914 |
| 53 | Lyapunov Sergey Mikhailovich | Russian | Romanticism | 1850-1924 |
| 54 | Mahler Gustav | Austrian | Romanticism | 1860-1911 |
| 55 | Mascagni Pietro | Italian | Romanticism | 1863-1945 |
| 56 | Massenet Jules Emile Frederic | French | Romanticism | 1842-1912 |
| 57 | Marcello Benedetto | Italian | Baroque | 1686-1739 |
| 58 | Meyerbeer Giacomo | French | Classicism-Romanticism | 1791-1864 |
| 59 | Mendelssohn, Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Jacob Ludwig Felix | German | Romanticism | 1809-1847 |
| 60 | Mignone to Francis | Brazilian | 20th-century classical composers | 1897 |
| 61 | Monteverdi Claudio Giovanni Antonio | Italian | Renaissance-Baroque | 1567-1643 |
| 62 | Moniuszko Stanislav | Polish | Romanticism | 1819-1872 |
| 63 | Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus | Austrian | Classicism | 1756-1791 |
| 64 | Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich | Russian | Romanticism - “The Mighty Handful” | 1839-1881 |
| 65 | Napravnik Eduard Frantsevich | Russian - Czech nationality | Romanticism? | 1839-1916 |
| 66 | Oginski Michal Kleofas | Polish | - | 1765-1833 |
| 67 | Offenbach Jacques (Jacob) | French | Romanticism | 1819-1880 |
| 68 | Paganini Nicolo | Italian | Classicism-Romanticism | 1782-1840 |
| 69 | Pachelbel Johann | German | Baroque | 1653-1706 |
| 70 | Planquette, Planquette (Planquette) Jean Robert Julien | French | - | 1848-1903 |
| 71 | Ponce Cuellar Manuel Maria | Mexican | 20th-century classical composers | 1882-1948 |
| 72 | Prokofiev Sergey Sergeevich | Russian-Soviet composer | Neoclassicism | 1891-1953 |
| 73 | Francis Poulenc | French | Neoclassicism | 1899-1963 |
| 74 | Puccini Giacomo | Italian | Romanticism | 1858-1924 |
| 75 | Ravel Maurice Joseph | French | Neoclassicism-Impressionism | 1875-1937 |
| 76 | Rachmaninov Sergei Vasilievich | Russian | Romanticism | 1873-1943 |
| 77 | Rimsky - Korsakov Nikolai Andreevich | Russian | Romanticism - “The Mighty Handful” | 1844-1908 |
| 78 | Rossini Gioachino Antonio | Italian | Classicism-Romanticism | 1792-1868 |
| 79 | Rota Nino | Italian | 20th-century classical composers | 1911-1979 |
| 80 | Rubinstein Anton Grigorievich | Russian | Romanticism | 1829-1894 |
| 81 | Sarasate, Sarasate y Navascuez (Sarasate y Navascuez) Pablo de | Spanish | Romanticism | 1844-1908 |
| 82 | Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich (Yuri) | Russian-Soviet composer | NeoRomanticism | 1915-1998 |
| 83 | Saint-Saëns Charles Camille | French | Romanticism | 1835-1921 |
| 84 | Sibelius Jan (Johan) | Finnish | Romanticism | 1865-1957 |
| 85 | Scarlatti by Giuseppe Domenico | Italian | Baroque-Classicism | 1685-1757 |
| 86 | Skryabin Alexander Nikolaevich | Russian | Romanticism | 1871/72-1915 |
| 87 | Smetana Bridzhikh | Czech | Romanticism | 1824-1884 |
| 88 | Stravinsky Igor Fedorovich | Russian | Neo-Romanticism-Neo-Baroque-Serialism | 1882-1971 |
| 89 | Taneyev Sergey Ivanovich | Russian | Romanticism | 1856-1915 |
| 90 | Telemann Georg Philipp | German | Baroque | 1681-1767 |
| 91 | Torelli Giuseppe | Italian | Baroque | 1658-1709 |
| 92 | Tosti Francesco Paolo | Italian | - | 1846-1916 |
| 93 | Fibich Zdenek | Czech | Romanticism | 1850-1900 |
| 94 | Flotow Friedrich von | German | Romanticism | 1812-1883 |
| 95 | Khachaturyan Aram | Armenian-Soviet composer | 20th-century classical composers | 1903-1978 |
| 96 | Holst Gustav | English | - | 1874-1934 |
| 97 | Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich | Russian | Romanticism | 1840-1893 |
| 98 | Chesnokov Pavel Grigorievich | Russian-Soviet composer | - | 1877-1944 |
| 99 | Cilea Francesco | Italian | - | 1866-1950 |
| 100 | Cimarosa Domenico | Italian | Classicism | 1749-1801 |
| 101 | Schnittke Alfred Garrievich | Soviet composer | polystylistics | 1934-1998 |
| 102 | Chopin Fryderyk | Polish | Romanticism | 1810-1849 |
| 103 | Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitrievich | Russian-Soviet composer | Neoclassicism-NeoRomanticism | 1906-1975 |
| 104 | Strauss Johann (father) | Austrian | Romanticism | 1804-1849 |
| 105 | Strauss Johann (son) | Austrian | Romanticism | 1825-1899 |
| 106 | Strauss Richard | German | Romanticism | 1864-1949 |
| 107 | Schubert Franz | Austrian | Romanticism-Classicism | 1797-1828 |
| 108 | Schumann Robert | German | Romanticism | 1810-1 |
What would our life be like without music? For many years, people have asked themselves this question and come to the conclusion that without the beautiful sounds of music, the world would be a very different place. Music helps us feel joy more fully, find our inner self and cope with difficulties. Composers, working on their works, were inspired by the most different things: love, nature, war, happiness, sadness and many others. Some of the musical compositions they created will forever remain in the hearts and memories of people. Here is a list of ten of the greatest and most talented composers of all time. Under each composer you will find a link to one of his most famous works.
10 PHOTO (VIDEO)
Franz Peter Schubert was an Austrian composer who lived only 32 years, but his music will live on for a very long time. Schubert wrote nine symphonies, about 600 vocal compositions, and a large amount of chamber and solo piano music.
"Evening Serenade"
German composer and pianist, author of two serenades, four symphonies, as well as concerts for violin, piano and cello. He performed at concerts from the age of ten, performing for the first time with solo concert at 14 years old. During his lifetime, he gained popularity primarily due to the waltzes and Hungarian dances he wrote.
"Hungarian Dance No. 5".
George Frideric Handel - German and English composer Baroque era, he wrote about 40 operas, many organ concerts, as well as chamber music. Handel's music has been played at the coronations of English kings since 973, it is also heard at royal wedding ceremonies and is even used as the anthem of the UEFA Champions League (with a small arrangement).
"Music on the water"
Joseph Haydn is a famous and prolific Austrian composer of the classical era, he is called the father of the symphony, as he made significant contributions to the development of this musical genre. Joseph Haydn is the author of 104 symphonies, 50 piano sonatas, 24 operas and 36 concertos
"Symphony No. 45".
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky is the most famous Russian composer, author of more than 80 works, including 10 operas, 3 ballets and 7 symphonies. He was very popular and known as a composer during his lifetime, and performed in Russia and abroad as a conductor.
"Waltz of the Flowers" from the ballet "The Nutcracker".
Frédéric François Chopin is a Polish composer who is also considered one of the best pianists of all times. He wrote a lot musical works for piano, including 3 sonatas and 17 waltzes.
"Rain waltz".
Venetian composer and virtuoso violinist Antonio Lucio Vivaldi is the author of more than 500 concertos and 90 operas. He had a huge influence on the development of Italian and world violin art.
"Elf Song"
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is an Austrian composer who amazed the world with his talent from early childhood. Already at the age of five, Mozart was composing short plays. In total, he wrote 626 works, including 50 symphonies and 55 concertos. 9.Beethoven 10.Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer and organist of the Baroque era, known as a master of polyphony. He is the author of more than 1000 works, which include almost everything significant genres that time.
"Musical joke"