Russian Academy of Music named after the Gnessins. Russian Academy of Music named after. Gnesins (RAM im)

Russian Academy of Music named after. Gnesins (RAM named after Gnessins) owes its origin to the Gnessin sisters: five Gnessin sisters Olga, Elena, Evgenia, Maria, Elizaveta (daughters of Rabbi Fabian Osipovich Gnessin from Rostov-on-Don) opened their own private music school February 15, 1895-It was on this day that the first student came to them.

In 1919, the school became a state school, without changing the principles of its work and organization. One of the brothers actively helped the sisters - outstanding composer, student of Rimsky-Korsakov Mikhail Gnessin. He opened the department of composition and music theory. And the permanent head of the educational institution for 72 years (!) was Elena Fabianovna Gnesina(died in 1967 at the age of 93).

The Gnessin educational institution was constantly growing, dividing into a school and a college; over time, more and more new departments appeared, and the old premises began to be scarce.

Once upon a time, the Gnesins’ “Music School” was located in a small one-story wooden house on Gagarinsky Lane, where the sisters lived. Then I had to rent a wooden mansion at 5 Sobachaya Ploshchadka, where the whole family moved and where they lived for more than half a century (the sisters always lived where they worked). Almost all prominent figures visited this Gnessin house Silver Age.

During Elena Fabianovna’s lifetime, the buildings on Sobachaya Square and this square itself were demolished during the construction of New Arbat in 1962. Fortunately, construction began already in 1937 big building on Povarskaya Street (then Vorovsky Street) for the Gnesinsky Plant. Interrupted by the war, it resumed in 1943. Its main part was completed in 1946, becoming the first building built in the center of Moscow specifically for the university. In 1950, the educational building was expanded, and in 1958 the Concert Hall was built, the author of the project was the architect A.V. Tishin.

From the first days of the KZ’s work, the tradition of university students and teachers performing on its stage was laid. Lev Oborin performed at the first concert, and Academy graduate Evgeny Svetlanov took part in subsequent concerts. Many works were performed here for the first time: “Le Noces” by I. Stravinsky, the composition “Eugene Onegin” with music by S. S. Prokofiev, the Russian premiere of Haydn’s opera “Orpheus and Eurydice” (“The Soul of a Philosopher”). Outstanding singers and performers, such as Svyatoslav Richter, performed in this hall. On January 24, 1964, a meeting with Yuri Gagarin took place there.

The hall has a total of 503 seats, three concert grand pianos (two Steinways and a Yamaha) and a Macken electric organ. The acoustics and equipment of the hall allow any concerts and performances to be held here, especially operas.

Operating since 1976 Opera house-studio, organized Yuri Speransky(1929 – 2014) – professor, head of the department of opera training at the Russian Academy of Music. All productions of the studio theatre, and there were more than 30 of them, starting from the very first performance of Mozart’s Don Giovanni, were famous for their independent reading and deep penetration into musical dramaturgy.

By all accounts, all the music that sounds here is real, living art.

In 2004, on the occasion of the 130th anniversary of E.F. Gnessina, in front of the KZ RAM, a monument was unveiled in her honor.

May 30, 2014 marked the 140th anniversary of the birth of Elena Fabianovna Gnessina. She lived to be 93 years old.

It’s hard to believe, but for 72 of them she headed the most prestigious music educational institution in Russia - the famous Gnesinka.

From the family of an ordinary rabbi

Few people remember this, but the history of Gnesinka began in Rostov-on-Don in the family of a local rabbi. The father of the famous Gnesin sisters, Fabian Osipovich Gnesin, was an educated man. Born in one of the towns of the Minsk province, he went on foot to Vilna to study. Her mother, Bella Isaevna Fletzinger-Gnessina, was no stranger to beauty: she also received an education at one time, completed a course with the famous Polish composer Stanislav Moniuszko and, they say, also sang beautifully.

However family life didn't let Bella Isaevna do it musical career. After her marriage, she gave birth to twelve children. Five girls and four boys survived. Bella Isaevna found use for her musical gift at home - music was often played in their family, children were accustomed to the piano from an early age.

“The Gnessin family, of course, is amazing, because only two older brothers were not musicians and had nothing to do with music.

And then five sisters were born in a row, and all of them not only became professional musicians, but also devoted their entire lives to the same cause - the creation of music schools. And each of the sisters lived and worked for so many years in these educational institutions, from the very foundation of the Gnessin School in 1895,”

Vladimir Tropp, director of the Elena Gnessina Apartment Museum, tells the story.

But it all started with homeschooling. Bella Isaevna was studying musical education children, teachers were hired for them. Soon, however, the parents decided that this was not enough. AND eldest daughter, 14-year-old Evgenia, was sent completely alone to Moscow to study at the conservatory. Elena left after her. Despite the strict quota for the admission of Jews, which existed at that time in all educational institutions, both sisters were accepted into the conservatory.

The girls quickly attracted the attention of teachers with their excellent manners and extraordinary talent. At first, Evgenia was noticed by Vasily Ilyich Safonov, who soon headed the conservatory, and took her into his class. Then Elena found herself under supervision talented composer and pianist Ferruccio Busoni. He was so delighted with the young pianist that he invited her with him abroad for joint performances.

“But I was too young then to take such a decisive step,”

Elena Gnesina will write later. Gradually, the younger sisters joined the older sisters: one after another, Maria and Elizabeth came to Moscow. The girls found themselves in the very heart of Moscow musical life. They were taught by the best teachers in the country, their fellow students were Scriabin and Rachmaninov, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky often visited the conservatory.

In 1891, the Gnessins' father, Fabian Osipovich, died suddenly. The family no longer had the means to pay for the sisters' studies at the conservatory. The girls were in despair, grieving for their father, preparing to leave their beloved school to be close to their mother. Teachers of talented students came to the rescue.

It was they who found Elena a place as a music teacher at the Arsenyev gymnasium, forever determining her fate. Elena graduated from the conservatory with a silver medal, began giving concerts, but her soul was drawn to her students. She managed to captivate her older sister with her idea, and the young pianists conceived an incredible idea - to create a music school. At that time, it was possible to study music professionally only at the conservatory. There were many private schools and courses, but all of them did not last long, and the level of teaching was low. The Gnessins had a dream that seemed impossible at first glance. But there were colleagues around who believed in the sisters.

“Feel free to get down to business and open a school! At first you will have 30 students, then 60, and then 100!”

Professor Kashkin, a friend of Tchaikovsky, encouraged the girls. The conservatory teachers supported the Gnessins not only with their words. They helped obtain official permission to open an educational institution.

The girls were in no hurry. First, they opened a music school in a house on Gagarinsky Lane, where everyone lived together. We practiced with one piano - there was no money to buy another one. All organizational functions were taken over by Elena, who showed extraordinary business acumen and willpower. Already by mid-February 1895, when the middle sister Maria graduated from the conservatory and was able to join her enterprising relatives, the girls opened the “School of Sisters E. and M. Gnesin” (“E” here - both Elena and Evgenia).

Home and Business

For the daughters of the Rostov rabbi, the school became not only a business, but also an opportunity to create their own cozy world. A world in which music and the warmth of the family hearth are inseparable. The atmosphere of the Gnessin educational institutions was so soft, cozy, and homely. for many years.

Margarita Eduardovna Rittich, who taught at Gnesinka for many years, recalls:

“Everything I saw there did not in any way correspond to my idea of ​​a renowned educational institution. Of course, the comparative moment was important here. Over the years of study, I have already become accustomed to the beautiful, comfortable building of the conservatory, designed specifically for educational purposes. Here everything was different.

A small one-story wooden house. A canopy with rickety wooden steps. A tiny vestibule-front, which was always crowded with a lot of young people. A small “dressing room” with a single middle-aged cloakroom attendant, a dry, black-haired woman, Aunt Lina, who remained in her place until 1963.

Her special respect, attention and friendliness to everyone were such that it seemed as if she was meeting and seeing off her dear guests, good friends. It was also surprising that near the wardrobe, next to the mirror, there were... clothes brushes. Brushes! Feels like home! (this was not the case at the conservatory)

In general, already here, in this hallway, there was immediately a feeling of homeliness and comfort, there was a breath of something warm, familiar and sweet, while in the conservatory everything was beautiful, rich, even palace-style, solemn and official.”

At first, the Gnessins could not afford to invite hired teachers. They taught themselves, all three were pianists, so until 1901, when their sister Elizaveta graduated from the conservatory, there were no other instruments at the school except the piano. With the arrival of Elizabeth, the violin began to sound here. She created orchestra and ensemble classes and for half a century headed the string departments of the school and both music schools that were subsequently opened by the Gnessins. Within five years, Professor Kashkin’s prophecy came true: the number of students reached sixty. One of the first graduates was their younger sister Olga.

The sisters could no longer cope with so many students. Not only young musicians flocked to the school: adult students who were preparing to enter the conservatory also came here. From the Gnessins they received everything they needed - not only piano and violin classes, but also a complete theoretical base music education, which was not the case in any other music school in Moscow. The school had grown so large that it was no longer possible to accommodate the small house of the Gnessin sisters.

I had to look for new premises. They rented a wooden mansion on Sobachaya Ploshchadka, 5, where they lived for more than half a century. In the mornings classes were held here, in the evenings they gathered for tea, friends came, poets of the Silver Age read poetry, scientists argued, philosophers reflected, they talked a lot about the alarming situation in the country. Olga painted pictures.

Klyuchevsky, Academician Vinogradov, Goncharov, Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky visited the house on Dog Square. Most of all, guests loved February 15, when the Gnessins celebrated the birthday of their educational institution - they organized concerts, fun carnivals, and dances. Longtime friends of the Gnesin sisters - Rachmaninov and Scriabin, Stanislavsky and Knipper-Chekhov - came to listen to the academic concerts at which Gnesin's students performed.

Elena Fabianovna was the life of the party: she decided everything organizational issues, made new acquaintances. At one of the concerts she met Lunacharsky, who often hid from the police in the house of her friend Goncharov. This acquaintance would subsequently ensure a cloudless existence for the Gnessin sisters already under Soviet rule, when Lunacharsky took up the formation Soviet culture. In 1919, he gave the school the status of the State Music School.

A year before, the Gnessins suffered a painful loss - Maria Fabianovna died. Their brother, composer Mikhail Gnesin, came to help the sisters. The fates of the sisters and Mikhail turned out completely differently. The girls were baptized quite early and, in general, moved away from their roots, immersing themselves in the world musical heritage and making the Moscow music school their life’s work. Apparently, this is why we know so much about them, but Mikhail Fabianovich was almost forgotten.

Jewish Glinka

Meanwhile, a talented student of Rimsky-Korsakov (Mikhail was not accepted into the Moscow Conservatory, and he entered St. Petersburg) became an amazing composer, combining Jewish traditions absorbed in his youth with the fundamentals of world classical music. As a child, Gnessin was very close to his grandfather, his mother’s father, whose name was Yeshayahu Fletzinger. He was a folk musician, told witty stories, and taught his grandson to hear the “soul of the people.”

Little Misha was also friends with the cantor of the local synagogue, Eliezer Gerovich. That one was frequent guest in the Gnessin house, sang hymns for them own composition, taught the boy the basics of music.

After graduating from the conservatory in St. Petersburg, Mikhail also became a teacher - he led music clubs, organized a music school in Rostov-on-Don, the Don Conservatory, and the society “Musical Library named after. N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov."

While his sisters were getting closer and closer to the Moscow intelligentsia, Mikhail went to Palestine, where he met different communities, listened, and wrote down. I first learned there musical folklore of his people, fell in love with these ancient melodies.

“Jewish music exists. This is wonderful music, and it is waiting for Glinka,”

Rimsky-Korsakov once told him.

Returning to Russia, Gnessin writes “Variations on a Jewish Theme” - symphonic fantasy, in which Hasidic melodies, secular melodies, and prayer motifs are intertwined. With the beginning Civil War there is no time for music. In 1921, Gnessin left Russia again - he traveled through Georgia and Palestine, and reached Germany. Having returned, he again writes Jewish: “Dances of the Galilean Workers”, the opera “The Youth of Abraham”, the suite “The Jewish Orchestra at the Mayor’s Ball” for Gogol’s play “The Inspector General”.

“The elements of Jewish music took such hold of my musical sense and imagination that even where I did not set myself the task of searching for a Jewish style, they began to appear in my compositions. Immersion in Jewish folk music helped me understand the language folk art in general, and I became “more democratic” as an artist,”

Gnessin writes.

Mikhail Fabianovich writes passionately: romances “Song of Songs”, vocal cycles, piano compositions. Having joined his sisters at the school, he teaches a lot and creates a “creative department” music college, writes scientific works. For the time being, the Soviet government favors Gnesin - either due to the fact that his sisters are friends with Lunacharsky, or because there has never been such evil hatred of everything Jewish in the Kremlin and its environs.

However, by the end of the 40s the situation was changing. “A group of employees” writes to Beria a denunciation of Gnesin: it has a detrimental effect, they say, on the respected Elena Fabianovna, forcing them to select teachers “on the basis of the concentration in the institute (at that time Gnesinka was already an institute) of personnel of Jewish nationality.” It’s clear that the Zionist is trying to push the permanent head of the educational institution astray.

Gnesin left the institute. Now I had to write “on the table.” The fight against cosmopolitanism began. Gnesin never betrayed, did not bend his soul, and was not even afraid to take part in the competition to create the Israeli anthem. But he lost his favorite job and began to live as a recluse.

Growth and decay

The brainchild of the Gnesins grew. The authorities managed to achieve the construction of a new building on Vorovskogo Street (now Povarskaya). Elena Fabianovna dreamed of turning the school into a higher education institution - the authorities resisted. But faith in the possibility of achieving this goal was undermined by something else: the elder sister, Evgenia, died, and a year later the war began.

Gnesinka was evacuated to Sverdlovsk, Yoshkar-Ola and Kazan. Elena Fabianovna was the last to leave the Moscow walls, just like the captain of a sinking ship. Not all of her colleagues left Moscow; those who decided to stay resumed their studies in the midst of war and devastation. Having overcome all obstacles, she rushed to the capital and walked (at 68 years old!) to the institute from the Kazan station. She didn’t just return, but began to seek the construction of a new building and a new status for her brainchild. In 1944, the Gnessin Musical and Pedagogical Institute appeared in Moscow.

She didn't stop for a minute. She created more and more educational institutions, built dormitories for the “Gnessin residents”, pushed for the construction of a concert hall and chose chandeliers and curtains for it herself. But gradually her strength began to leave her. Just as consistently as she created her Gnesinka, she began to hand over the reins to her students. Only they could be truly trusted: at Gnesinka they taught not only music - here they taught how to feel and behave with dignity.

But the blows of fate fell one after another. Broken by years of persecution, Mikhail Fabianovich passed away. Six years later, Olga also passed away. Elena Gnesina was left alone. And immediately she was able to benefit from her loss for the institute - she gave up the upper part of the apartment, placed the rector’s office there, and gave her sister’s office to the new director.

On May 30, 1967, Elena Gnesina celebrated her 93rd birthday. And five days later she died. Exactly one year after the death of his beloved brother.

Educational institution.

The beginning long history creation and formation large complex educational institutions named after the Gnessins is February 15, 1895 - it was on this day that the first student came to the “Music School of E. and M. Gnesins,” one of the small private music educational institutions that were actively opening at that time in Moscow. Since then, this day has been celebrated as traditional holiday Gnessin residents - all students of educational institutions for many generations.

Like other private schools, this school was founded by graduates of the Moscow Conservatory: its two leaders, sisters Evgenia and Elena Gnessin, were students of the director of the conservatory, the largest organizer and teacher-pianist V.I. Safonov. The principles of education formed at that time at the conservatory formed the basis for the work of the school (at that time it was a single educational institution for children and adults, without the now usual division into college and school). The school's popularity and authority grew rapidly. The five Gnessin sisters, who were enthusiasts of their craft and devoted their entire lives to music pedagogy, lived their entire lives in the same house where their brainchild was located, and the atmosphere of the hospitable home invariably attracted both students and colleagues. Having studied during the most brilliant period in the history of the conservatory, living surrounded by artists of the Silver Age, they invariably strived for the highest professional level that would meet the criteria of their teachers and friends - the most outstanding musicians of their era. The largest musicians paid great attention to the work of the Gnessin School, providing them with great support, and some - R.M. Glier, A.T. Grechaninov, E.A. Bekman-Shcherbina - became teachers of the young educational institution. Already in the pre-revolutionary period, the Gnessin school won the highest reputation and stood out for a number of important pedagogical undertakings, the most famous of which was the creation of the first children's school choir in Moscow.

Elena Fabianovna Gnesina, being the founder and permanent head of educational institutions (in total, she headed them for 72 years!), thanks to her unyielding will, inexhaustible energy and dedication, managed to maintain and constantly expand the scale of educational institutions at the sharpest turns of history. In 1919, the school became a state school, without, however, changing the principles of its work and organization (in 1920, in accordance with state program, the educational institution was divided into a children's school and a technical school with a single leadership). In 1923, the Gnesins' brother, a student of Rimsky-Korsakov, the outstanding composer Mikhail Gnesin, created a department of composition and music theory. The growth in the number and level of students soon made the Gnessin College-Technical School one of the best secondary educational institutions in the all-Union, training the best personnel for the conservatory. This led to the decision to create a new music university, and El. F. Gnesina, despite the resistance that arose at first (doubts about the need for a second music university in Moscow), began to strive for the implementation of this idea in the most decisive manner. In March 1944, a government decree was adopted on the organization of the Gnessin State Musical and Pedagogical Institute. In 1946, a special ten-year music school was opened at the institute, and a complex of four educational institutions was formed - an institute, a college, a special school and a seven-year children's school - still headed by El.F. Gnesina. The need for a broad supply of the country, first of all, with pedagogical musical personnel gave rise to numerous initiatives that were very promising: correspondence and evening forms of education were developed and actively developed (opened in 1948), and at the same time numerous teaching aids(including sound) and methodological programs, various technical teaching aids were invented. Compared to conservatories, the Gnessin State Musical Pedagogical Institute has become more in-depth with training courses in pedagogical practice and teaching methods. Initially, the university had four faculties: piano, orchestral, vocal and historical-theoretical-composition - they included eight departments. From the very beginning, the most outstanding musicians of their time worked here: among them G.G. Neuhaus, M.V. Yudina, L.N. Oborin, T.D. Gutman, V.V. Borisovsky, S.M. Kozolupov, K.A. Erdeli, M.F. Gnessin, N.I. Speransky, M.I. Tabakov, N.I. Platonov, V.E. Ferman, V.D. Konen, N.A. Garbuzov... The first deans of the faculties were, respectively, A.N. Yurovsky, A.K. Vlasov, N.A. Verbova and S.S. Skrebkov. In 1946, the famous choirmaster K.B. Ptitsa organized and headed the conducting and choral department, and two years later, for the first time in history higher education the faculty was founded folk instruments(its first leader was A.S. Ilyukhin). The number of students at the institute is steadily growing, the university is quickly gaining the authority of one of the largest music and educational centers in the country, along with the Moscow and Leningrad (St. Petersburg) Conservatoires.

New departments emerge, a number of student groups appear - symphony, Russian folk, and then chamber orchestras, an academic choir, opera performances are regularly staged (which led to the creation of a permanent opera studio in 1978). In the 1950s, departments of opera training and chamber ensemble were created (its first head was pianist A.D. Gottlieb), in the 1960s - a number of new departments, including orchestral conducting (founder - S.Z. Trubachev), pedagogy and methodology. In 1966, at the conducting and choral faculty - again for the first time - a conducting department was opened folk choir(where a student choral group was also formed). In the 1970s - 1980s, innovations continued to open new musical specialties: these were the established departments of solo folk singing(its creation was initiated in 1978 by the director of the Northern Russian Choir N.K. Meshko), musical art variety (1984), sound engineering (1987). From the very beginning of the institute’s existence, scientific works were actively created, and since 1959, an editorial and publishing department has been operating, which has published more than 500 printed publications. There were also educational and scientific laboratories: folk music (founder - V.I. Kharkov), musical and technical teaching aids (founder - P.V. Lobanov), physiology of phonation (directors - L.B. Dmitriev and V.L. Chaplin ). In the postgraduate school, opened in 1948, the number of postgraduate students quickly grew, and dissertations were defended. In organizing scientific work at the university, great credit belongs to the first vice-rector for scientific work(1959-70) A.A. Ikonnikov (in 1975-85 this post was held by F.G. Arzamanov). By curriculum The Gnessin State Musical Pedagogical Institute developed programs for several new music universities. In 1961, a branch (educational and advisory center at the correspondence department) of the institute was opened in Ufa, where its teachers and students worked (in 1968, an independent art institute was created on its basis). In the work of the correspondence department, as well as in the organization of the branch, the first vice-rector for correspondence and evening studies V.I. played a major role. Avratiner. While maintaining priorities special attention to pedagogy and methodology, the scope of diverse scientific activity at the university (including numerous conferences) and the development of new directions caused the transformation of the Department of Pedagogy and Methodology into a new department in 1987 modern problems music education and culture, and in 1993 - the folk music laboratory into a problematic research laboratory for the study of traditional musical cultures. Acquired ever larger proportions concert activity students and teachers: new groups constantly emerged (such as a brass band and an accordion orchestra, chamber, folklore, jazz ensembles), a large concert and educational work was carried out, covering a vast geography, a number of constantly touring groups worked (for example, the Chamber Orchestra under the direction of G. .S. Talalyan and O.M. Agarkov in 1962-87), the opera studio gave performances as a stationary theater, and regularly held its own festivals. Consultative assistance to numerous educational institutions of the country, supervision of the work of a number of music schools, conducting seminars and courses for the faculty of advanced training. By the turn of the 1980s - 1990s, the Gnessins State Musical Pedagogical Institute became the largest music and educational center in Russia. Therefore, the transformation of the institute in 1992 into the Gnessin Russian Academy of Music was completely justified - for the first time in the country, a music university received such a status. As this happened throughout the history of the university, in recent years, in accordance with the trends of the times, new specialties and forms of education are opening: thus, the department of music management (since 2005 - the production department), the department of computer music, computer science and acoustics have been created. In 2002, a new branch of the academy was opened in Khanty-Mansiysk. Many luminaries of Russian music worked in the Gnessin GMPI-RAM in the past: folk artists USSR and Russia A.I. Khachaturyan, Ya.V. Flier, B.A. Pokrovsky, A.V. Rybnov, B.A. Tchaikovsky, M.O. Reisen, A.A. Yurlov (head of the department of choral conducting), Ya.P. Alexandrov, M.I. Fikhtengolts, N.D. Shpiller, P.M. Nortsov, N.I. Peiko, G.A. Turkina, A.B. Khazanov, famous performers - M.I. Grinberg, V.L. Kubatsky, A.I. Vedernikov, V.S. Loktev, doctors of art history A I. Yampolsky, S. E. Feinberg, E. V. Gippius, Yu. N. Tyulin, V. P. Bobrovsky, A. D. Alekseev - this list can be continued for a long time. If in the first years the young teachers who worked together with the luminaries were mainly graduates of the conservatory, then later, especially since the 1960s, the replenishment mostly came from students of the university itself.

The Gnessin Institute began its work in the same houses on Sobachaya Square, where the Gnessin College and School were located for almost half a century (they were demolished during the construction of New Arbat). In 1937, construction began on a large building on Povarskaya Street (then Vorovskogo) for the Gnessin “music plant”. Interrupted by the war, it resumed in 1943. The main part of the building was built in 1946, becoming the first building built in the center of Moscow specifically for the university. In 1950, the educational building was expanded, and in 1958 the Concert Hall was built. Subsequently, two Gnessin schools received their own buildings, and in 1974 a new building was built for the school next to the institute. Having received the entire building on Povarskaya, in 1989 the institute also opened classes and a chamber hall - a “musical living room” - in the renovated neighboring “Shuvalova House”.

The permanent head of the institute until the end of her life was Elena Fabianovna Gnesina (in 1944-53 she served as director, and in 1953-67 - artistic director, in 1944-58 also headed the department of special piano). Being a living embodiment of great musical traditions, she managed to rally musicians of several generations around her. In organizing construction, forming structures and forms of education, El.F. Gnesina’s closest assistant was her student, conductor, professor of the department of opera training Yu.V. Muromtsev, who was initially her deputy, and in 1953-70 - the rector of the institute (Elena herself Fabianovna held the post of artistic director until the end of her life in 1967.) In 1971-78 the rector was the famous choirmaster V.N. Minin. In 1979-99, there was a significant expansion of the university’s activities, the opening of many new departments, which ultimately ensured the transition to the status of an academy. During these years (with a short break), the leadership was headed by S.M. Kolobkov, a graduate of the first graduating class of the Faculty of Folk Instruments (he also headed the Department of Folk Instruments, orchestral groups, and was vice-rector for academic affairs). In 1981-84, the rector of the Institute-Academy was violinist, member of the Borodin Quartet Y.P. Alexandrov, in 2000-08 - pianist M.N. Sayamov. Since 2008, the university has been headed by G.V. Mayarovskaya, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, professor, candidate of pedagogical sciences. In total, over the years of its existence, the university has graduated more than 14 thousand specialists, amounting to 62 graduates. Graduates of the institute quickly won leading positions in musical organizations throughout the country, and then abroad. More and more Gnesin students and graduates won laureate titles at competitions and performed on concert stages around the world. Many became leaders of famous groups, leading soloists of major opera houses. Among them are the most famous musical names V different genres, for example, Z. Dolukhanova, E. Svetlanov, M. Tariverdiev, V. Fedoseev, T. Dokshitser, L. Zykina, K. Ivanov, E. Kisin, Yu. Kazakov, I. Kobzon, N. Nekrasov, A. Rudin , V. Dashkevich, D. Tukhmanov and many others. A whole series The now famous choirs, orchestras, and ensembles came from student groups of the institute-academy - such as the Moscow State Chamber Choir under the direction of V. Minin, Folklore ensemble under the leadership of D. Pokrovsky and others.

In recent years, the Academy has been increasingly developing international contacts: professors regularly travel to give master classes and lectures, many students come for a full course of study or internship from different countries. Currently, about 100 foreign citizens study here.

RAM named after. Gnesins is a higher musical educational institution located in Moscow. The address of the building is Povarskaya Street, house No. 30/36. The Gnessin Academy is one of the leading musical educational institutions in Russia. RAM has several concert halls where various events are held for both students and listeners and spectators.

History of RAM

RAM named after the Gnessins was founded in 1895. At that time, there was no division of music educational institutions into academies, schools and colleges. The date of birth of RAM is considered to be February 15, 1895. It was on this day that the Gnessin sisters had their first student at their private music school.

In 1946, its own building was built for this educational institution. When the premises were opened, a division took place educational institution Gnessins for school, college and institute. They were all located in the same building, on different floors. After some time, the premises were completely given over to the institute. And the college and school moved. Initially, the institute trained exclusively music teachers. But many students wanted to devote themselves to performing arts rather than teaching.

In 1950, a concert hall was added to the educational building of the institute. In 2011, the college turned from an independent institution into a branch of the Academy.

Today RAM named after. The Gnesins train not only teachers, but also concert musicians and vocalists.

Academy faculties:

1. Orchestral, with departments of percussion, wind and string instruments.
2. Vocal, where they learn solo singing.
3. Folk instruments.
4. The piano department, which also includes the departments of harpsichord, organ and accompanists.
5. Faculty of History, Theory and Composer.
6. Conducting, with departments of orchestral and choral conducting.
7. Pop-jazz singing and instrumental performance.
8. Folklore art, which includes departments of solo and choral folk singing.
9. Producer Faculty.

There are also interfaculty departments.

RAM halls

Main concert hall of the Russian Academy of Music named after. Gnesins accommodates 549 listeners. It is equipped with last word technology. He has two concert grand pianos and an electronic organ at his disposal. In front of the entrance there is a monument to E. F. Gnesina.

The small hall is designed for one hundred students. It has three concert grand pianos. The musical living room of Shuvalova's house also accommodates one hundred listeners. She has two concert grand pianos at her disposal. The chamber hall has seating for fifty spectators. It is equipped with one concert grand piano.

The organ hall is also designed for fifty listeners. It is equipped with several tools. The main one is the English wind organ "Henry Jones". Before RAM it was in the London Church. In addition to it, there is a Steinway concert grand piano, a clavicorn and an Ammer harpsichord.

Program

A large number of different concerts can be heard at the Russian Academy of Music. Gnesins. The Academy's poster for the second half of the 2015-2016 season offers the following events:

1. “Piano music by S. S. Prokofiev.”
2. Concert of Russian chamber music.
3. Master class on musicology on the topic “ Creative path W. A. ​​Mozart"
4. Reporting concert of the department music pedagogy.
5. Opera “Gianni Schicchi” at the Theater-Studio named after. Yu. A. Speransky.
6. Concert of students of the pop department.
7. Class evening for students of teacher Yu. V. Zamyatina.
8. Concert symphony orchestra Academy.
9. Anthology of harpsichord music. Works by Domingo and Domenico Scarlatti will be performed.
10. Report concert String orchestra College.
11. Monothematic presentation musical theater pedagogical knowledge Gradus ad Parnassum.
12. Concert-seminar for Victory Day.
13. Musical performance “Coronation of Poppea” performed by students of the vocal department.
14. Report concert of students of the music school at the Academy.
15. Festival "May Assemblies".
16. Concert of composition classes.

And many others.

Teams

In RAM im. There are about twenty different Gnessin groups. This:

1. A chamber orchestra whose repertoire includes music of all styles and eras.
2. The Zolotitsa ensemble performs folk songs.
3. A Russian concert orchestra whose repertoire includes retro and popular music.
4. Academic choir of correspondence students.
5. Jazz orchestra "Akademik-Band".
6. Altro Coro ensemble performing contemporary choral music.
7. Theater-studio named after Yu. Speransky, whose repertoire includes foreign and Russian classical operas.
8. The ensemble "Moscow Mandolin", working in all available musical directions.
9. Brass band.
10. Guslar ensemble "Kupina", whose repertoire includes Russian folk works.
11. The Ad Libitum Orchestra, which includes button accordions and accordions, performs classical and modern music.
12. An ensemble of students from the department of solo and choral folk singing, whose repertoire includes original and processed folklore.
13. The “Soul of Russia” orchestra, which includes Russians performing modern and retro music.
14. Academic choir of full-time students of the Academy.
15. Symphony orchestra performing classical and modern music.
16. in whose repertoire folk music in original sound.

In RAM im. Gnessins in different years taught famous personalities. These are Aram Khachaturyan, Reinhold Glier, Heinrich Neuhaus, Joseph Kobzon, Valentina Levko, Igor Bril, and others. There are many celebrities among the RAM graduates. The Gnesin Academy graduated from: Lyubov Kazarnovskaya, Alexander Gradsky, David Tukhmanov, Lyudmila Zykina, Varvara, Mikael Tariverdiev, Alexander Zhurbin, Dima Bilan, Tikhon Khrennikov, Philip Kirkorov, Valentina Tolkunova and others.

Hall addresses

As mentioned above, the Russian Academy of Music has several halls. Gnesins. The address of the most important of them is Maly Rzhevsky Lane, building No. 1. The remaining several halls are located on Povarskaya Street, building No. 30/36. This is the academic building of RAM. There are: the musical living room of Shuvalova’s house, Maly, Kamerny and Organ halls. They are all located on the 4th floor of the academic building, in classrooms numbered 73, 75 and 90.

About the university

The Gnessin Russian Academy of Music was created in 1944 on the initiative of the Gnesin sisters, who devoted their entire lives to music pedagogy. Many graduates of the academy have won recognition from musical organizations in Russia and around the world and have become laureates various competitions, performed musical works at many concert venues around the world, they became leaders of musical groups or soloists of the best opera houses.

Education at RAM named after. Gnessins

At the academy, students can receive high-quality secondary (after grades 9, 11) and higher (after grade 11) education. Then you can continue your studies in graduate school, where you can write a candidate or doctoral dissertation or enter an assistantship that organizes internships for students in other music educational institutions.

Secondary vocational education can be obtained exclusively through full-time study. The following specialties are taught here:

• music theory;
• instrumental performance on one of the musical instruments;
• vocal art;
• choral and solo singing;
• choral conducting.

After completing their studies in the higher professional education program, students receive a state-issued bachelor's, specialist's or master's diploma. Moreover, if a bachelor’s degree allows not only full-time but also part-time study, then a specialist or master’s degree can be studied exclusively full-time.

At the undergraduate level, students study in the following specialties:

• musical art of variety;
• musical and instrumental art;
• vocal art;
• the art of folk singing;
• conducting;
• musicology and musical applied arts.

The same specialties are available in the master's program as in the bachelor's degree, except for pop art and musicology.

Specialists receive diplomas in the following areas:

• the art of concert performance;
• musical sound engineering;
• musicology;
• composition;
• producing

In graduate school, students study the specialties “Art History” and “Education and pedagogical sciences”, in order to later either become teachers in various educational institutions, or devote himself to science.

Structure of RAM named after. Gnessins

On at the moment The academy has an extensive multifunctional structure, where each of its elements contributes to quality education, self-education and all-round development of students. On the territory of the university there is:

• a problematic research laboratory with its own video library and archival phonograms of church singing and folklore recordings, which are carefully studied and researched by students;
• Memorial Museum-Apartment of Elena Fabianovna Gnesina, where everything is preserved as it was during her life with all her everyday furnishings, musical instruments and library archives;
• The university’s own journal “Scientific Notes”, which is published in its own editorial office of the Russian Academy of Music. Gnesins. Works of university students and teachers about current problems music pedagogy and musicology, reviews of latest books about music, works by foreign authors about the music of the 19th and 20th centuries and much more;
• library, the total collection of which is 300,000 copies. Among them are music publications, books about art in general and music in particular, educational publications, methodological manuals, and also fiction for relaxation and a great time;
• music library, which contains musical works reflecting the development of domestic and foreign music from ancient times to modern times;
• laboratory of audio and video recordings, where children try their hand at creating these recordings and editing them on modern equipment;
• dormitory for foreign and nonresident students;
• workshops for repairing musical instruments.

Concert department at the academy

To organize concert activities at the Russian Academy of Music. Gnesins, a Music and Philharmonic Center was created there, which was later transformed into the Concert Department, so that the university’s concert activities were organized at an even higher level.

This department helps create the necessary conditions at the academy for the implementation creative potential students. After all, to become an excellent musician, it is not enough to study theory; you must constantly translate this knowledge into practical exercises, perfecting your ear for music and styling to perfection. In addition, the department is strengthening mutually beneficial relationships with concert halls and centers in Russia and abroad, creative societies and unions, famous musicians And musical groups, so that university students can exchange experiences with them.

The concert department of the university organizes performances by groups of the Russian Academy of Music named after. Gnesins inside the academy in front of all students and at various concert venues in Russia and foreign countries so that they learn everything about their future profession. So that the guys have a constant incentive to creative growth, the department team organizes their participation in various music festivals and competitions, as well as the federal programs “Dialogue of Cultures” and “Culture of Russia”. And various domestic and foreign musicians and performers who give them their master classes and perform for them within the walls of the academy.