Self-education on the topic:
“FORMATION OF SAFE BEHAVIOR SKILLS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN THROUGH FAMILIARIZATION WITH ROAD TRAFFIC RULES”
RELEVANCE
The problem of human safety in road traffic arose with the advent of the wheel and the creation of vehicles for transporting people and goods. The relationship between vehicle drivers and pedestrians has always been controlled by the state, which ensures their safety. Back in 1720, Peter 1 issued a decree related to traffic rules. The strictest order on the roads in Russia was under Catherine II. In 1764, she issued a decree imposing the death penalty on a coachman or cab driver guilty of the death of a child.
IN modern conditions, due to the rapid development of the automotive industry, the number of accidents and accidents involving people (especially children) on the roads has increased. Therefore, the problem of safe behavior on the roads has become relevant in our country. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that preschool children do not have a protective psychological reaction to the road situation, which is not even characteristic of all adults. The child is interested in the street and everything that happens on it. And often, carried away by something new and unusual, a child finds himself on the street in life-threatening situations.
Today, the problem of child safety is being actively discussed in society, and employees of children's institutions, who, by the nature of their work, are responsible for their pupils, are especially concerned about young citizens.
It is at a young age that the foundation of life orientations in the world around us is laid, and everything that a child learns in kindergarten will firmly remain with him forever. That's why from the very early age It is necessary to teach children safe behavior on the streets, roads, in transport and traffic rules. Both parents and preschool institutions should take part in this, and in the future, of course, schools and other educational institutions
This problem seems so urgent that it served as the basis for me to choose this topic, a topic for self-education.
GOALS:
Improving your professional skills and competence.
Improving conditions for the development of sustainable safety skills in preschool children in the surrounding road transport environment.
TASKS:
Preschoolers’ acquisition of initial knowledge about the rules of safe behavior on the street;
To form and develop in children a holistic perception of the surrounding road environment.
Expand vocabulary children on road vocabulary
Intensify interaction with parents to promote traffic rules and child safety
Develop logical thinking, voluntary attention, visual and auditory perception, creative activity;
Unite the children's team.
FORMS OF WORK WITH CHILDREN:
1. Introduction to fiction.
2. Excursions, observations, walks.
4. Entertainment and leisure.
5. Games: board games, didactic games, construction games, theatrical games, outdoor games.
EXPECTED RESULTS:
1. Expanding children's understanding of the surrounding road environment and traffic rules.
2. Development of skills of calm, confident, civilized and safe behavior in the road transport environment.
3. Children’s ability to anticipate dangerous situations and avoid them.
4. Increasing the activity of parents and children to ensure road safety.
WORK PLAN:
| WORK OF A TEACHER | WORKING WITH CHILDREN | WORKING WITH PARENTS | SUBJECT-DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT |
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| September | Creating a presentation “Situations according to traffic rules” | Diagnostics Viewing and discussion of the cartoon “Traffic Light” (Smeshariki series). Goal: remember the rules of the road Drawing from a cartoon Target walk “We are walking along the street” Purpose: to form in children an idea of one-way and two-way traffic Guessing riddles according to traffic rules. Goal: to teach children to find the answer from the description. (Appendix 1) Plot- role play"Taxi". Goal: To consolidate children’s knowledge about the profession of “taxi driver” Passenger and cargo transport Purpose: to consolidate the ability to distinguish between cargo and passenger transport | Questioning parents Project “My mother is a driver” Memo to parents about road safety (Appendix 7) | Creating a corner according to traffic rules |
| Creation of an electronic didactic game on traffic rules “Think and Answer” | View the presentation “Situations according to traffic rules” Reading "Road Poems" Watching the cartoon “Road Rules with Auntie Owl” Role-playing game “We are going to visit” Purpose: to teach how to behave correctly in public transport Outdoor game “Red, yellow, green”. Goal: develop the ability to navigate in space Reading M. Prikhodkin “On the streets of the city.” Goal: consolidate knowledge about transport | Drawing “Safe path from home to kindergarten” Parents meeting"Children's safety on the street" Memo for parents and children “About a safe route and difficult sections on the road” | Selection of literature on traffic rules |
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| Creating a presentation “Car History” | Electronic didactic game on traffic rules “Think and Answer” Watching the educational cartoon “Road signs for children with poems” Purpose: getting to know road signs https://www.youtube.com/ Role-playing game “Pedestrian crossing” Working with small building material: building a car Outdoor game "Sparrow and the car." Goal: to develop children's ability to navigate in space Reading M. Pozharsky “Machines”. Goal: to teach children to listen carefully and understand the content of what they read, to consolidate knowledge about transport. Role-playing game "Bus". Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the bus and its purpose Target walk "Garage". Goal: to give children an idea of the garage, its structure and functional purpose NOD “Our village and its transport” Goal: | Photo competition “My child’s car seat” Purpose: propaganda among parents, purchase a car seat) | Making a baton for the role-playing game “Traffic Cops” |
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| View the presentation “Car History”. Goal: introduce children to the history of the car Target walk to the crosswalk. Goal: to reinforce the term “pedestrian crossing” with children. Foster a culture of street behavior. Outdoor game “Be careful.” Goal: to educate to act on a sound signal | Project “Our friend the traffic light” Memo to parents on traffic rules" | Board game "Road Signs" |
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| Creation of an electronic game “Guess the riddle” | Didactic game “Name it correctly.” Goal: to consolidate the concepts of “right” “left” “bottom” “above” to develop the ability to navigate in space Reading A. Tyunyaev “Road Rules”. Goal: to cultivate a desire to comply with traffic rules Target walk “Gas station” Purpose: to give an idea of the gas station, the sign pointing to it Watching the cartoon “Cars, road signs, traffic lights, traffic rules - Tiki Taki.” Goal: continue to study traffic rules https://www.youtube.com | Exhibition of drawings “I’m walking down the street” Memo for parents | Domino "Road Signs" Creation of the album “Different types of transport” |
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| Creation interactive game according to traffic rules | Watching the cartoon “Robocar Poly-rules of the road. How to cross the road." Goal: continue to study the rules of the road Examination of posters “Road accidents” Goal: to develop the ability to navigate in the current situation Drawing on the topic: “Road sign” Purpose: to consolidate knowledge about road signs and their purpose | Memo for parents “Road safety” | Visual poster “Special transport” |
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| Studying methodological literature | Learning counting rhymes. Goal: to develop the ability to clearly pronounce each word, to develop the ability to use a counting rhyme in the game (T. IDanilova “Traffic Light” Program Teaching preschool children traffic rules p. 29) Reading M. Druzhinin “Service Vehicles” Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of special-purpose machines Drawing “Safety Island” Purpose: to develop observation and attention Watching the cartoon “Toropyzhka. Traffic Laws. Goal: continue to study the rules of the road http://youtube.com/ | Memo for parents “Road safety rules” (Appendix 8) | Board game “Visiting the traffic light” |
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| Creating a presentation on traffic rules | Watching the cartoon “Traffic Light. Educational children's song. Cartoon about cars. Learn traffic rules https://www.youtube.com. Drawing on the theme “My house is my street” Purpose: to consolidate the idea of the street, the ability to display what you see while walking, to convey your impressions Reading S. Volkov “Road Rules” Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of traffic rules Making a homemade book “Road ABC” Goal: to cultivate perseverance, continue to memorize the Rules of the Road | Memo for parents “Road traps” (Appendix 13) | Didactic games “What kinds of cars are there”, “What does the sign say” |
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| Analysis of your work | Watching the cartoon “Cartoon for children. Accident on the road" Goal: continue to study the Rules of the Road Reading children's poems about cars. Goal: remember what types of transport there are and their purpose Entertainment according to traffic rules “Visiting a traffic light” Diagnostics | The work of a traffic police officer. Goal: to introduce children to the work of a traffic police officer | Pictures for classification of modes of transport |
I approve
Head of MKDOU d/s No. 4
Them. V.P.Chkalova
E.S. Davydova
PROGRAM
ON SELF-EDUCATION
On topic: “Formation of the basics of fire safety among children of the middle group”
Teacher of MKDOU kindergarten No. 4 named after. V.P.Chkalova
Iyudina Natalya Valerievna
Explanatory note
The most valuable thing in the lives of adults is their children. Often our children face many dangers. The task of adults is to guard and protect the child, to properly prepare him to face various difficult and sometimes dangerous situations.
The safety of a child’s life and the protection of his health is one of the most pressing tasks of preschool education. At the same time, it is important not only to protect him from dangers, but also to form an understanding of the most dangerous situations, the need to take precautions, and instill in him the skills of safe behavior.
In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Fire Safety Russian Federation", adopted by the State Duma on November 18, 1994. (Article 25, “Compulsory training of children in preschool educational institutions, fire safety measures”), as well as on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard for Education, the formation of the foundations of fire safety is one of the main tasks of a preschool educational institution. This is explained as follows.
One of the causes of fire is children's prank. And, as a rule, the consequences of such pranks are very tragic. Children die in fires and material assets are destroyed. The cause of casualties among children is the children’s lack of skills in handling fire carefully, insufficient control over their behavior, and in some cases, the inability of adults to properly organize children’s leisure time. It has been established that children very often show interest in fire precisely when they do not find any activity, when adults are not interested in their games or are absent from home. Therefore, we should return to this topic again and again.
The main thing in the work of developing the basics of fire safety in children is a set of activities with children, teachers and parents to teach fire safety rules, tasks of search, cognitive-practical, socially significant orientation starting from middle preschool age.
It should be emphasized that only targeted work on training, education and instilling the fundamentals of fire safety is the most the best way reducing the number of fires and reducing their consequences. The sooner a person learns the basic principles of self-defense and understands his responsibility for his actions, the more effective the results will be.
Forming the foundations of fire safety in children of middle preschool age is possible by achieving and solving the following goals and objectives.
Goals:
1.Formation of the basics of fire safety in children of middle preschool age.
2.Improve your theoretical, scientific and methodological level and professional skills by studying new methods in teaching and raising children of middle preschool age.
3.Increasing the level of knowledge about the basics of fire safety.
Tasks:
1. Study of regulatory documents on education.
2.Study general pedagogical and psychological literature in order to expand and improve psychological methods education and training of middle-aged preschoolers.
3. Study various forms of work with children of middle preschool age and their parents (legal representatives), generalize and disseminate their own psychological and pedagogical experience.
Implementation period: 3 years (2017-2020)
p/p | Direction and forms of work | Deadlines | Implementation time |
Theoretical stage |
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Study of regulatory documents: Law “On Education of the Russian Federation”; New SanPiN; Federal state standard preschool education Orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and Nizhny Novgorod region; And other legal acts of the Russian Federation and the Nizhny Novgorod region. | |||
Practical stage |
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Studying the experience of preschool teachers on this topic | |||
Studying methods for teaching technologies on the Internet | |||
Advanced training through a system of advanced training courses | |||
Study of various working methods of preschool teachers | |||
Use of modern pedagogical technologies in the field of developing the fundamentals of fire safety in children of middle preschool age | |||
Participation in professional competitions | |||
Improving the forms and means of organizing psychological and pedagogical support | |||
Studying literature on the topic of self-education | |||
Drawing up an educational and thematic plan for the formation of the basics of fire safety for children of middle preschool age | |||
Development of a program to work with parents on priority education | |||
Generalization and dissemination own experience on this topic | |||
Replenishment of the portfolio at the level of modern requirements | |||
Studying literature on professional self-training
p/p | Name | Publisher, year |
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09/01/2013 |
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Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 17, 2013 No. 1155 “On approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education,” which came into force on January 1, 2014. | Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on November 14, 2013 N 30384 |
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Comments on the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education | Magazine "Preschool Education" | M., No. 6, 2014 |
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Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education | http://Ministry of Education and Science.rf |
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Studying the experience of teachers | Internet, periodicals |
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“Childhood: Program for the development and education of children in kindergarten” | Babaeva T. I., Mikhailova Z. A., Gurovich L. | Moscow, publishing house "Childhood - Press", 2011. |
Studying literature on psychology
p/p | Name | Publisher, year |
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Child psychology | Lyublinskaya A.A. | Moscow: Enlightenment, 1971 |
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Childhood psychology | Zenkovsky V.V. | Moscow: "Academy", 1996 |
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Fostering a culture of personal safety // Psychological and pedagogical problems of personality-oriented education. | Barnaul: AGIIK, 1999. |
Studying literature on the basics of fire safety
p/p | Name | Publisher, year |
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Regulatory and legal framework of MKDOU No. 4 named after V.P. Chkalov | |||
Familiarization of preschoolers with fire safety rules | Aralina N.A. | Moscow, Scriptorium 2003, 2007 |
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Lesson notes for the middle group of kindergarten on fire safety rules | Volochkova V. N., Stepanova N. V. | Shopping center "Teacher", 2004 |
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Formation of a safety culture among preschoolers in the context of the Federal State Educational Standard | Kayurova A. N. | Moscow, 2014 |
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Fostering a culture of personal safety. Psychological and pedagogical problems of personality-oriented education. | Edited by Lukyanova Z.N., Moshkin V.N. | Barnaul: AGIIK, 1999. |
Manufacturing methodological material
p/p | Name | Target |
Setting up a fire safety corner in the group | Working with children and their parents. Create optimal conditions for the formation of the foundations of fire safety |
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Formation of a methodological base for lesson notes on the topic of self-education | ||
Creation of an archive of fire safety techniques, games, and events | Formation of the basics of fire safety |
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Acquisition board games on fire safety in preschool educational institutions | For educational activities |
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Creating a kindergarten layout | Teamwork: children, parents, teachers. Organization of preventive work according to the rules of behavior during a fire |
Long-term plan formation of the basics of fire safety in children of middle preschool age
p/p | Block name | Subjects of classes | Goal and objectives |
My group, my kindergarten | 1. Familiarization with the preschool evacuation plan 2. “Fire extinguishing agents. Safety signs" 3. “Rescue Service – 01” 4. “Why the fire happened” 5. “Evil and Good Fire” | 1. Introducing children to the most probable reasons occurrence of fires in the premises. 2. Formation of ideas about dangerous and harmful factors that arise during a fire. 3. Formation of skills of adequate behavior in fire hazardous situations. 4. Fostering a conscious and responsible attitude towards issues of personal safety and the safety of others. |
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Autumn | 1. “Autumn in the forest and in the city” 2. “Don’t play with fire” 3. “Miracle Tree” 4. “Matches are not a toy for children” | 1. Deepen and systematize children’s understanding of the causes of fires in the forest and on city streets. 2. Form fire safety rules in nature, ideas about the norms of behavior during a fire, and a negative attitude towards violators of these rules. |
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"Fire in Literature" | Reading of B. Zhidkov’s work “Fire”. Literary quiz. "Fire in pictures and riddles" | Forming the basics of fire safety in children |
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"House, human habitation" | 1. “My family, home” 2. "Household Appliances" | 1. To form in children an understanding of personal safety and the safety of others. 2. To consolidate children’s knowledge about the causes of a fire in an apartment. 3. Enrich children’s knowledge about electrical appliances, their purpose in people’s lives, and the rules for using them. 4. Consolidate knowledge about precautions and actions during a fire in an apartment. |
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Profession firefighter | 1. Acquaintance with fire fighting equipment and equipment of fighters. 2. “There is always room for heroic deeds in life” 3. Watch a video about the fire and the work of firefighters to save people. (Fragments from TV shows, news reports about the fire). | 1. Reveal the significance of the work of firefighters. 2. Deepen and expand children’s knowledge about the professional actions of firefighters, fire department dispatchers, and equipment that helps people put out fires. |
Types of activities and forms of classes with students
1. Formation of fire safety rules in nature, ideas about the norms of behavior during a fire, a negative attitude towards violators of these rules. Block "Autumn".
1.1.Cognitive - research activities:
Examination of illustrations “Fire in the Forest”, depicting the work of firefighters;
Conversation “Visiting Doctor Aibolit”;
Modeling the rules of behavior in nature;
Problem situation “What will happen if... you set the grass on fire, make a fire?”;
Quiz “Let's protect the forest from fire”;
Excursion to the park area.
1.2.Communicative activities:
Communication “Don’t touch the matches, there is fire in the matches”;
Compiling a story based on the painting “Fire in the Forest” on the topic “Why did this happen?”;
Didactic games: “Fire and Water”, “Allowed - Forbidden”.
1.3.Game activity
Plot-role-playing game “Family. Outdoor recreation";
Didactic game “Collect a picture”;
Simulation of the game situation “Service call 01”
1.4.Productive activity
Drawing “So that there is no trouble”;
Application “Autumn Forest”;
Construction from the constructor " Fire engine».
1.5.Reading fiction:
- “How inseparable friends did not burn in fire” by A. Ivanov;
- “To Kids about Fire” N. Porokhovnik;
- “Fire in the forest”;
- “Fire in the field”;
- “Sliver”;
- “How my brother and I played.”
1.6.Motor activity
Outdoor games: “Chicks in the nest”, “Umbrella over your head”;
Sports relay races “Not extinguished fire”;
- “We are firemen’s assistants.”
1.7.Labor activity
Cleaning up dry leaves and grass on the site;
Compiling a collage “What not to do in the forest”;
Making attributes for the role-playing game “Family. Outdoor recreation."
2. Fostering a conscious attitude towards personal safety and the safety of others. Block “House, human habitation”
2.1.Cognitive - research activities
Conversations: “Electricity in our home and its dangers”, “Electrical appliances. Rules for using them";
Didactic games: “1,2,3, find what can be dangerous”, “What is possible, what is not”, “Complete what is missing”;
Modeling the problem situation “If something catches fire in the house, what should you do?”;
Working with the “Find a way out of a burning house” scheme;
“Call the Firefighters” training.
2.2.Communicative activities
Communication “Be independent, but careful and attentive,” riddles about household appliances;
Didactic games: “Guess the word”, “Name the action”;
Quiz “Take care of your house from fire”;
Compilation creative story“Why did this happen?”;
2.3.Game activity
Plot-role-playing game “Family. Mom's helpers";
Game situations “Smoke in the apartment”, “My sister burned her finger, what should I do?”;
Didactic games “Find the odd one out”, “Emergency situations”
2.4.Productive activity
Drawing answers to “Electrical appliances”;
Exhibition of drawings “Take care of your home from fire.”
2.5.Reading fiction:
- “How they caught coal” by Zh. Tolmazov;
- “Cat House” by S. Marshak;
- “The Story of an Unknown Hero”;
- “Ordinary History” by K. Orlov;
- “Riddles about electrical appliances” by L. Sumin;
- “About matches”;
- “About dangerous objects”;
- “On household chemicals” by A. Shevchenko.
2.6.Motor activity:
Outdoor games “Put it in its place”, “Fire dragon”;
Games - relay races “Help in case of fire”, “Dexterous and fast”.
2.7.Labor activity: making masks for the game - dramatization “Cat House”
3. Instilling in children respect and interest in the firefighter profession. Block “Profession firefighter”.
3.1.Cognitive - research activities:
Conversation “Firefighters - who are they?” (Meeting with employees of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Nizhny Novgorod Region, Chkalovsk);
Examination of illustrations depicting the work of firefighters;
Didactic games: “What does a firefighter need?”, “Collect a picture”;
Quiz “Firefighter hero - he enters into battle with fire”;
Modeling the rules “What not to do in the absence of adults”;
Excursion to the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations in the Nizhny Novgorod Region, Chkalovsk.
3.2.Communicative activities:
Communication “Firefighter Clothes”;
Compiling a story based on a series of plot paintings “The battle is led by a squad of firefighters”;
Didactic games: “Pick up objects with one purpose”, “Firemen’s clothing”, “Name it correctly”.
3.3.Game activity:
Story-based role-playing game “Fire Station”;
Simulation of the game situation “Conversation with the fire department dispatcher”, “Help yourself”.
3.4. Productive activity:
Drawing “Red cars rushing”;
Application “Fire Truck”;
Construction from the “Fire Station” construction set;
Exhibition of drawings “Caution – fire!”.
3.5. Reading fiction:
- “Who should I be?” L. Sumina;
- “Red Car” K. Olenev;
- “Fire Department” by Z. Burlev;
- “Where the red cars rush” by T. Fetisov;
- “Service 01” by Z. Burleva;
- “Equipment” by Z. Burlev;
- “Fire Hoses” by Z. Burlev;
- “Antoshka – Fireman” by K. Ibragimov;
- “How Timoshka saved the princess.”
3.6.Productive activity:
Outdoor games “Matches in a box”, “Firemen in training”;
Sports entertainment “We are young firefighters.”
3.7.Labor activity:
Design of the album “About the work of firefighters”;
Making attributes for the role-playing game “Fire Department”
Expected results of developing the basics of fire safety in children of middle preschool age
At the teacher's the foundations of pedagogical skills will be formed:
Ability to correctly select methods for classes and analyze scientific and methodological literature;
Ability to apply acquired knowledge in practice;
Increasing the level of teacher competence on this topic;
Creation of conditions that meet modern educational requirements and the needs of recipients of social services.
In children It is planned to achieve the following results:
Know the existence of the fire phenomenon, its danger and consequences;
Know the sources of fires, the fire hazard of natural phenomena;
Be able to see the most fire-hazardous surrounding objects and know the rules for handling them;
Know basic fire safety requirements (do not light fires, do not burn matches, do not touch electrical appliances without adult permission, etc.);
Know the rules of behavior in case of fire;
Formation of the basics of safe behavior with fire;
Be able to behave adequately in fire hazardous situations at home, in preschool educational institutions, in nature, and interact with firefighters;
Be able to handle electrical appliances and items of increased fire hazard;
Children show emotional responsiveness towards other people;
Preschoolers develop the ability to become aware of their health-saving behavior.
References
- Aralina N.A. Familiarization of preschoolers with fire safety rules. – Moscow: Scriptorium 2003, 2007
- Belaya K. et al. How to ensure the safety of preschoolers. – Moscow, 2001
- Kayurova A. N. Formation of a safety culture among preschoolers in the conditions of the Federal State Educational Standard. – Moscow, 2014
- Moshkin V. Fostering a culture of personal safety//Fundamentals of life safety. – Moscow, 2000, No. 8.
- Prilepko E.F. Fire safety for preschoolers. – Moscow, Scriptorium 2003, 2009
- Sterkina R. et al. Fundamentals of safety for preschool children. – Moscow, 1998
- Shorygina T. A. Conversations about fire safety rules. – M.: Sfera, 2008.
- Encyclopedia for children. Additional volume. Personal safety. Precautions in everyday life. Behavior in extreme situations / Chief editor. V. A. Volodin. – Moscow: Avanta, 2001.
care and health care No. 72
Long-term plan for self-education
topic:
“Formation in preschoolers of a conscious attitude towards issues of personal safety and the safety of others.”
Educator:
Zadorova N.V.
gAngarsk 2015
Long-term plan for the 2015–2016 academic year.
Target: Continue to introduce children to the rules of personal safety, develop a sense of
self-preservation of ideas about the street, roadway and sidewalk.
To develop children's knowledge of safety rules during winter games.
Familiarity with the rules on the water.
| Month. | Working with children. | Working with parents colleagues. |
| September | 1.GCD. on the topic: “Know and follow traffic rules.” 2. Did. games “Road Signs”, “Put a Sign”, “Street Pedestrian”. 3. Conversation on the topic: “The road is not a place for games.” 4. Thematic role-playing games “Traffic Controller”. 5. GCD. Artistic creativity on the topic: “Road signs.” | 1. Watching a cartoon “Smeshariki road safety rule.” 2. Individual conversations. 3.Folder: "Road Safety", "School of Road Sciences". 4. Memo for parents: “What do I know about traffic rules.” |
| October | 1. GCD. On topic: " "A person's appearance can be deceiving." 2. Conversation on the topic "Dangerous passers-by." 4. N/A game “The World Around Us”, “What It’s Made Of”. 5. Discussion of the problem situation “We are in public transport”, "How to behave if" 6. S/R game "Police". | 1. Ask to take photos “How we play on the street”, 2.Booklet for parents “Beware the Stranger.” |
| November | 1. GCD on the topic “I know what is possible and what is not.” 2. Did. game ““I know - it’s dangerous”, “It happens - it doesn’t happen?” 3. Looking at illustrations various types transport. 4. Conversation “My home”, “I know what is possible and what is not”, “Safety in our group”. | 1. Individual conversation “Every thing has its place.” 2. Print out coloring pages on the topic: sharp and pecking objects. 3. Creation of the book “Dangers Around Us.” |
| December | 1. GCD. on topic "Fire hazardous items." (Drawing up model diagrams of fire safety rules). 2. Conversation: on the topic “Don’t touch the matches - there is fire in the matches.” 3. Reading the story by Shorygin T.A. “May the New Year tree bring us joy.” Reading S. Marshak “Horse is Fire”, "Fire", "Tale of an Unknown Hero". 4. Role-playing game “Fire truck to the rescue.” 5. Design of drawings on the topic: “Safe New Year!». | 1. Create a folder for moving “Fire safety at home.” 2. Design the “New Year at the Gate” booklets. 3.Memo “About fire, its benefits and harms. |
| January | 1. GCD. on the topic " Winter fun» 2. Examination of illustrations, the painting “Winter Fun”. 3. Coloring pages on the topic. 4. Conversation with children on the topic: “Rules of behavior during fun games.” 5. Memorizing the poem “Snowball” by G. Lapteva. 6. Round dance game “I’ll freeze, I’ll freeze” | 1. Conversation with parents “Develop a desire to use sports equipment”, “Follow safety rules when playing outside,” 2. Create a travel folder “Frostbite in children while walking.” 3. Ask parents to bring health proverbs. |
| February | 1. GCD. on topic: “Who can you turn to if you’re lost.”». 2. Did. game "Stranger is ringing the doorbell". 3. Reading the fairy tale “Cat, Rooster, Fox.” 4.Memorizing a poem by G. Shalaeva "If the doorbell rings..." 5.Reading the fairy tale “Little Red Riding Hood” by Charles Perrault. 6.Board and printed game: “How to avoid trouble.” | 1. Playing out the situations “Phone call”, “Door ringing”. 2.Watching the TV show “Wait for me.” |
| March | 1. GCD. on the topic: “When parents are not at home.” 2. Examination of illustrations of “Electrical Appliances”. 3.Did. and “1,2,3, find what could be dangerous.” 4. Conversations on topics: “ Medicines and household chemicals." "Balcony. Stair railings." “Sharp, piercing and cutting objects.” 5. Did. game "Fourth wheel". | 1.Individual conversation with parents on the topic: “Child alone at home.” 2. Conversation between parents and their children at home “My Family.” |
| April |
Only a creative and talented teacher who follows the path of self-improvement and self-development can raise a creative, self-sufficient personality. If you ask the question of how a teacher can build his professional career in order to more fully realize his capabilities, professional potential, abilities and gain satisfaction from his work, then the answer leads to the need to understand the meaning of a teacher’s self-educational activity.
An educated person differs from an uneducated person in that he continues to consider his education incomplete. For pedagogical activity on modern level According to the requirements of society, it is necessary to constantly update and enrich your professional potential.
Any type of teaching activity is subject to planning and analysis. This fully applies to the self-education of teachers. When starting to work on my self-education, I drew up the following plan for my activities.
Download:
Preview:
Individual plan practical works on the topic of self-education“Formation of the fundamentals of safety in children of senior preschool age through modern technologies”
Collection of information on the problem of familiarizing preschool children with the rules of safe behavior at home.
Consultation for parents
Draw the attention of parents to the dangers that await their children in the modern world
“Like a bear got lost”
GCD
Examination of illustrations on the topic.
Puppet theater
"What I see in the city"
Conversation with children
Reinforce the rules of behavior on the street, reinforce the rules of the road
Riddles about traffic rules.
Construction games "Build a street".
Didactic game
Strengthen children's knowledge about the road sign "Pedestrian crossing"
Reading poetry
Games
November
"You don't need to be afraid of these people"
Game
Introduce children to appearance police officers, firefighters, rescue workers, doctors, traffic police inspectors.
Examination of illustrations (policeman, fireman, rescue service, doctor, traffic police inspector).
"Lessons of a Police Major"
Role-playing game
Explain to children that the police can be called by calling “02”
Reading literature: S. Mikhalkov “Uncle Styopa is a policeman.”
GCD
Reinforce knowledge that the police can be called by calling “02”
Riddles on the topic
December
“Don’t play around with fire, children, either at night or during the day.”
Conversation with children
Expand knowledge about fire safety, how to avoid fire hazardous situations; learn to call firefighters
“A cloud of dust mixes with the smoke, fire trucks are rushing”
Drawing
Strengthen knowledge of fire safety; cultivate respect for people of the heroic profession - firefighters
Memorizing the poem “We are firefighters”
"Young firefighters"
Role-playing game
Strengthen knowledge about the work of firefighters
“May the New Year tree bring us joy!”
Conversation with children
Strengthen fire safety knowledge
Riddles on the topic
January
"Meeting a Stranger"
GCD
Develop the ability to analyze problem situations outside the home; teach to be careful and avoid obviously dangerous situations.
Reading literature:
Charles Perrault "Little Red Riding Hood"
“How can a child avoid falling straight into the mouth of an evil wolf?”
Conversation with children
Learn to recognize situations that may be dangerous, learn to avoid them
Looking at illustrations on the topic
“What mistake did Little Red Riding Hood make?”
"Own, familiar, alien"
Game
Form a more accurate understanding of who is “Family”, “Familiar”, “Stranger”
“How to call for help?”
Didactic game
Learn to call for help loudly, attracting attention, and thank you for the help provided.
Looking at story pictures
February
“Remember kids: pills are not candy”
Conversation with children
Riddles on the topic.
Drawing tasks.
“Scissors and spools are not toys”
"Choose an item"
Didactic game
Develop the ability to identify objects that can lead to cuts, burns, and electrical injuries.”
Subject and subject pictures
"Current runs through the wires"
Conversation with children
Explain what harm can be caused to your health by careless and improper handling of household items
Riddles on the topic
"Useful things - hammer and pliers"
March
"Visiting the fixies"
Game
Multimedia presentations
"Dangers All Around Us"
Consultation for parents
Remind parents of dangerous situations their child may encounter
"Wildlife"
Observation
Expand your understanding of ways to interact with plants and animals: consider plants and animals without disturbing or harming them
"In the world of dangerous plants"
GCD
Explain to children that you cannot pick plants and eat them yourself - they can be poisonous
April
"Safe Road"
Consultation for parents
Formation of safe behavior skills for children on the roads
Diagnostics of knowledge and skills of safe behavior of children at home
Determining children’s knowledge about sources of danger, about precautions when handling dangerous objects, as well as the opportunity to adjust further work to educate children’s safe behavior
Work on subject and subject pictures
May
Presentation self-education work for preschool teachers, or a message about project on the topic.
Preview:
Appendix 1
Questionnaire for parents
Dear parents!
This year we are working on the problem of familiarizing preschool children with the rules of safe behavior at home. We would be grateful if you could help us by answering the following questions.
1. Do you consider it necessary to introducechildren with safety rules at home?
Yes
No
2. Who should cook? children to a possible meeting with dangers?
Parents
Educators
Medical workers
Teacher of the basics of safe living
All options are correct
Your own answer
3. Indicate the dangers for children's items meeting people at your home?
Domestic gas
Medicines
Knives
Electrical appliances
Household chemicals
Your own answer
4. What Preschool children should know safety rules at home?
You cannot play with matches or lighters
Do not touch electrical appliances
You cannot take medications without permission
In case of fire - do not hide, call “01”
Your own answer
5. How do you teach children handle dangerous objects at home?
We hide it, we prohibit its use
We teach you how to use (specify what)
Your own answer
6. Does your child stay home alone for some time?
Yes, we leave it
Yes, we leave it, but very rarely and not for long
We never leave
Your own answer
7. What do you tell your child when you leave him alone at home?
Don't eat dirty vegetables and fruits
Don't open the door for anyone
Don't touch the medicine
Don't turn on the gas/stove
Don't play with matches
Don't answer the phone
Your own answer
8. Does your child know his first and last name, home address and telephone number?
Yes, he knows
Only knows the name
Your own answer
9. Do you think that the childpreschool ageShould you be able to call help by phone?
Yes
No
10. Do you know any literature that states that it is necessary to familiarize preschool children with safety rules at home? If yes, which one?
11. Do you use information from books and TV shows to talk to your child about dangers in the home?
Yes
No
12. Do you need help from kindergarten teachers infamiliarization with the rules of safe behavior in the house?
Yes
No
13. What injuries did your child receive?
Cuts
Burns
Bruises
Fractures
Your own answer
14. What to do if you get cuts?
Rinse the wound with running water
Treat the edge of the wound with iodine
Apply a bandage
Press the wound with cotton wool soaked in iodine or alcohol
15. What to do in case of thermal burns?
Place under running cold water
Lubricate with oil or Vaseline
Apply a dry bandage
Treat with iodine or alcohol
16. What will you do if there is a fire in the room?
Try to put out the fire yourself
Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth
Open windows
Move towards the exit by crouching or crawling along the walls
Call the firefighters
Thanks for your answers!
Preview:
Appendix 2
Consultation for parents
“Discipline on the street is the key to safety”
The first priority of all parents is to ensure the well-being of their children. Long before the baby is born, parents practically memorize various rules that will allow them to raise happy and healthy people. But, unfortunately, very few parents remember the need to teach their child the most important rule - the rule of behavior on the roads. But not only the health, but even the life of the child often depends on this. Timely learning of traffic rules for children has saved more than one thousand children's lives.
However, it is never too late to make up for this loss - and the sooner you do this, the less likely it is that your baby will get hurt on the road. Time flies incredibly quickly - before you even blink your eye, the time will come when your child starts going to school on his own. And the safety of children on the road will be extremely important to you. Here is a child walking with his mother by the hand, first to a kindergarten, a playground, or a store located across the road.
It would seem that the child is under constant, vigilant control from adults almost all the time. However, children are the most unpredictable creatures on the planet, and it is often simply impossible to predict what they will do at any given second. A child may pull out his hand or run away at the moment when you literally lose your attention for a split second.
According to statistics, approximately half of all accidents in road traffic accidents involving children occur in the courtyards of residential buildings or on nearby roads. The combination of “children and the road” is quite an explosive mixture and requires the most vigilant control on the part of adults.
Better early than late
Think about it! It is much more reasonable that by the age when the child can run, he already knows the basics of safe behavior on the roads. We do not urge you to force your child to learn all the traffic rules by heart, but any parent can instill the basic skills of safe behavior on the roads. Moreover, it is necessary to start telling children about the rules of the road as early as possible, even while the child is in the stroller.
And it is necessary to begin a child’s education, first of all, by working on himself. At a time when the baby travels on the street exclusively in a stroller or in the arms of his parents, they are the ones responsible for observing traffic rules. . Believe me, children are extremely observant and notice things around them many times more than adults, because their acute perception of the world around them is not dulled by any everyday worries, and their natural curiosity and desire to understand the world are at a very high level.
AND correct behavior parents on the road will definitely be etched in the child’s mind. And this knowledge can float to the surface of consciousness at the most unexpected, but necessary moment. And sometimes they can even save your baby’s life. Compliance with traffic rules in any family should be brought to automaticity, then the child, as they say, with mother’s milk, will absorb disciplined behavior on the roads. Remember that the road is a high-risk area and does not forgive negligent behavior. Alas, not all drivers adhere to the principle “be careful, children on the road” even near kindergartens, not to mention other sections of the road.
Top - top, baby is stomping
As already mentioned, first of all, learning should take place by personal example. No matter how many times a day you repeat to your child that it is necessary to cross the road only at a pedestrian crossing and only when the traffic light is green, your words will not be of any use if you yourself, like a mountain saiga, jump at a red traffic light, and even in the wrong place, while holding the baby by the hand.
Try to interest your child in the rules of the road, turning the learning process into exciting game. As a rule, children are always very interested in traffic lights - they are attracted to them by their bright changing colors. Of course, your child will definitely ask you why a traffic light is needed. This natural curiosity of his will be an excellent reason to tell him how to cross the road correctly, and at the same time teach him colors.
Be sure to regularly, during each walk, reinforce the acquired knowledge again and again. When approaching a pedestrian crossing, be sure to ask your child if you can cross the road now. If the baby answered incorrectly, do not scold him under any circumstances, but once again calmly repeat to the baby the information about what color of the traffic light means what and what a pedestrian needs to do. All children are different - be prepared to repeat this more than a dozen times before the child finally firmly understands your lesson.
If your child answered the question correctly, do not skimp on praise - praise the child, let him know that his correct answer is very important to you. But at the same time, ask him a couple more questions about what needs to be done if another traffic light is on. Using approximately the same scheme, it is necessary to explain to the child what a safety island is, its purpose and the rules for using it.
Be consistent in your demands and actions, do not contradict yourself in any way - your words should never diverge from your actions, especially in front of a child. Very often, at pedestrian crossings, one can observe a rather sad picture: a child resists with all his might and screams, pointing his hand at the red light of the traffic light to his parents, and the parents, despite the indignation of their child, pull him across the road, saying something like: “let’s go quickly.” , while there are no cars nearby.”
With this behavior you not only confuse the child in his awareness of what is allowed and what is strictly prohibited, but also contribute to the formation of so-called “double standards” in him. Parents often do this without thinking at all about how their behavior will be perceived by their children. And then, when the child grows up, you shouldn’t be surprised that his words almost always disagree with his deeds. By and large, the child is not to blame for anything, and his behavior seems to him to be the only correct one. How could it be otherwise? After all, mom and dad did the same thing.
Children see the road differently!
For our children, the road often looks completely different than it does for us. Below are the most striking features psychological perception of a moving car by young children.
- Children's eye.
Children who have reached about three years of age are already quite capable of distinguishing a stationary car from a moving one. However, children are not able to give a real assessment of the danger of a car moving in their direction due to their age characteristics psyche. Small children cannot realistically assess either the distance at which a car is located or its approximate speed. Well, a child cannot even know that any car has a certain braking distance. In the minds of almost any child, a real car is no different from a toy car, which can be stopped immediately.
- Children's selective attention.
The age-related characteristics of child psychology are such that the child’s attention is exclusively selective. It is because of this small child is unable to concentrate his attention on several objects at once for longer than two to three seconds. Then the child snatches it from big picture only one object on which he concentrates all his attention. As a rule, the child pays attention to the object that is interesting to him at that particular moment, for example, to a ball that has rolled out onto the roadway. A child simply won’t notice an approaching car, and, unfortunately, trouble may happen.
- Inadequate hazard assessment.
Due to his age, anything big seems very scary for a child. The child’s reaction is primarily caused by the dimensions of the car, but the baby pays absolutely no attention to its speed. A child regards a slow-moving truck as a much greater danger than a car speeding at high speed. Be sure to pay attention to this feature of the child’s psyche and constantly draw the child’s attention to the correct criteria for assessing danger.
- Low growth of the baby.
Another enemy of the baby on the road is his short stature. From his height, a child is often simply physically unable to assess the real situation on the road, especially if cars are parked on the side of the road near a pedestrian crossing. The road looks completely different through the eyes of children. And it’s more difficult for a driver to notice such a young pedestrian, especially when it comes to trucks.
Are we studying? Let's play!
The easiest way for children to explore the world is through play. So take advantage of this feature of child psychology and play with your child all possible situations that he may encounter on the road. To do this, we advise educators to use visual aids, which are very easy to make yourself. Take a sheet of Whatman paper and draw road markings on it. Imitate vehicles using toy models of cars, and the role of pedestrians can be played by small animal figures from sets or chocolate eggs with a surprise.
First, you will have to show your child, and more than once, exactly how to behave in a given situation. Be patient and answer all your baby's questions in detail, no matter how strange or stupid they may seem. Then be sure to make sure that the baby has learned the information received from you. Swap roles with him - now let him explain to you the rules of safe behavior on the road. Ask your child clarifying questions, change the input data - the child should be theoretically prepared for any possible situation.
Impromptu is your best assistant in such games. Let your child be not only a pedestrian, but also a driver on your toy road - role-play a situation when a ball flies onto the roadway, or a pedestrian crosses the road in the wrong place, at a red light, without looking both ways. This measure will help the child more objectively assess the seriousness of the situation. Also invite your child to imagine a little and ask him to tell you what would happen if there were no traffic rules, and cars and pedestrians moved as they pleased. For example, what happens if children cross the road in the wrong place.
The child must consolidate the received theoretical information with practical exercises. Moreover, for this, parents do not need to buy any expensive CDs or other teaching aids. The best practical exercises will be walking along the busiest routes in your village. Choose the road where it is located large number pedestrian crossings and intersections, both regulated and unregulated. Discuss everything you see and together make decisions regarding street crossings and other nuances of traffic rules.
The safe behavior of children on the road largely depends on the personal example of their parents, so let’s not expose our child’s life, or our own, to unnecessary risks. Follow the traffic rules, teach your child to follow them, transport your baby only in a car seat specially designed for his age and weight category - and you will definitely succeed! The safety and life of your child depends 90% on the adults around him, especially on his parents..
Preview:
Appendix 3
“HOW THE BEAR GOT LOST.” Lesson notes
Target Audience: Educator
Item: Basics of life safety
Educational areas:"Safety", "Socialization", "Communication", "Cognition", "Artistic Creativity"
Target: Strengthen the ability to say your last name and first name, last name, first name and patronymic of your parents, home address and telephone number
Materials: pictures of people, green and red semaphore cards for each child, sheets of paper and colored pencils.
PROGRESS OF THE CLASS
Educator: Guys, I invite you to the streets of a magical city. Imagine that we found ourselves in a city park, surrounded by a carousel, ice cream sellers and... lots and lots of people.(Children are invited to walk around the group as if in a park)But look what happened in the park with one little bear cub who came to the park with his mother.(A staging is underway using toys. A bear cub with its mother bear came to the park, rode on the carousel, suddenly saw a trained monkey and ran up to it. Instantly he was surrounded by a bunch of children and other toys with their parents. Before he had time to look back, he saw that the mothers there was no one nearby. He began to rush back and forth, calling for his mother, but to no avail, there were a lot of people around: adults, children, other animals, but his mother was nowhere to be seen. The bear cub began to cry...)Let's help the little bear, tell him what to do, who to turn to for help.(in front of the children are pictures of people: in a police uniform, a “mommy” with a stroller, a stranger with glasses and a hat pulled down over his eyes, an ice cream saleswoman.) In the end, the bear cub finds his mother.
Discussion of children with justification for choice.
Game "You can - you can't."
Educator: Now, children, we will see how you have learned the rules: who you can turn to for help and who you can’t.(The teacher shows the children a picture of people; if the child thinks that this person can be contacted for help, then he raises a green sign, and if not, a red one)
Physical education minute:
Our rest is a physical education minute.
Take your seats:
Step in place left, right,
One and two, one and two!
Keep your back straight,
One and two, one and two!
And don't look at your feet,
One and two, one and two!
After which the children take their seats.
Educator: Children. And if trouble does happen, we are lost. Please tell me what you need to tell the adult you turned to for help?(Name, address, telephone).Do all of you know your home address and phone number?(Children answer as desired.)
Educator: In addition to knowing the address, you should identify landmarks where you can easily find your home. For example, what can we say about our kindergarten?(that it is located in the city center, near two schools, a circus, beautiful house blue).
Educator: And now I suggest you draw your house and those landmarks that will help you find your home.
All work is displayed on the board upon completion. The teacher draws the children’s attention to the fact that everyone can tell about their home in free activity.
Educator: Our work with you has come to an end. We learned a lot today. What exactly?(children's answers).
Thank you for your participation and as a reward for your work, I would like to give you these business cards on which you can write your name and address.
Preview:
Appendix 4
"WHAT DO I SEE IN THE CITY"
Game motivation: Let’s help the kids understand what a “street” is?
Target: Establish the rules of behavior on the street, reinforce the rules of the road.
Tasks:
1. Reinforce the rules of the road, teach how to apply knowledge previously acquired in practical activities.
2. Activate children’s thinking through:
Developing the ability to define tasks based on the problem posed,
Developing in children the ability to create a conceived product,
Improving the level of accumulated practical skills (creating a street layout, adding details to it).
3. Activate children’s speech through developing the ability to organize their actions and the actions of others.
4. Develop independence and the ability to interact with peers.
Preliminary work:
Monitoring parked cars and traffic while walking; looking at illustrations depicting city streets, different types transport; work with didactic material “Road Safety”; reading poetry on the topic “Road Rules”; compiling and solving riddles on the topics: “Transport”, “Road signs”; production of: traffic lights (10cm high), models of buildings (houses, shops, etc.).
Materials and equipment:traffic police inspector's baton; blanks: models of buildings - houses, shops, kindergartens, etc., traffic lights, road signs; strips of white paper measuring 5cm by 1cm; three basics for making street layouts (road and sidewalk; intersection; road, sidewalk and stopping place); plasticine, brushes, glue.
PROGRESS OF THE CLASS
Educator : Guys, I know that you love to play, and now I want to play a game with you. The game “Stand up, those who...” is being played. Children sit on chairs arranged in a circle, listen and complete the teacher’s instructions:
Stand up, those who love to play with cars?
Stand up, those who come to kindergarten on foot?
Stand up, those who come to kindergarten by bus?
Stand up, those who are brought to kindergarten by car?
Stand up, those whom your mother brought today?
Stand up, those whom dad brought today?
Stand up, those who come to kindergarten alone, without adults?
Look, guys, now you are all sitting, this means that you all come to kindergarten together with adults, with mom or dad, with grandparents. Why do you think? (children's answers). That's right, you and I know that the street is a place where you have to be very careful so that nothing bad happens.
Remember what the rules are called that people must follow if they are going to go out and go or go somewhere? (children's answers). That's right, these are the rules of the road. What are we talking about the rules of the road?
In chorus:
“To never get into difficult situations,
You must know and follow the rules of the road!”
Educator : Tell me, do you follow the traffic rules? Let us now name the rules that you follow on the way to kindergarten.
The game “Pass the Baton” is played: the children stand in a circle, pass the traffic police inspector’s baton to each other and name some rule (for example, I cross the road only when the traffic light is green; when I go to kindergarten by car, my dad fastens me with a belt safety; on the way to kindergarten I hold my mother’s hand; my mother and I walk along the sidewalk, etc.)
Educator: Well done guys. There are so many rules, how did you learn all these rules? (children's answers).
There are many children in our kindergarten, and there are also very young ones, who do not yet know where pedestrians should walk, do not know what the traffic lights mean, and in what place they can cross the road. Who do you think will help the children from junior group learn the rules of the road? (children's answers). Do you think you could tell kids about road safety rules? Would you like to help them learn these important rules? How can we do this? (children's answers)
Statement of the problem: Of course, to make it easier for the kids to learn the rules of the road, we need to show them the street, but they are still small and they can’t go outside the kindergarten territory? How can we show younger children the street and not leave the territory of the kindergarten? (children's answers)
It’s a good idea, we can show them photographs of the street, draw pictures, and tell them about the traffic light.
If the children do not independently voice the option of creating a model, the teacher says: I would like to make a model of the street and give it to the kids. But this is a difficult job, (sad) I can’t do it alone. What to do?
Children offer their help.
Before we get started, let's talk about how the street is structured?
I’ll start, and you help me, tell me what you know. The streets are designed so that all people feel comfortable.
Children's statements (if the children find it difficult or forgot to name any part of the street, the teacher leads them to the answer, BUT! does not give a ready answer for the children; as the discussion progresses, the main parts of the street are schematically drawn on the easel):
There are houses on the street;
Each house has its own number, by which it is easy to find the desired address (several children name their address, remember with the children why it is important to know your address);
There are sidewalks and roads along the street;
Cars move along the road, they are driven by drivers.
Educator : Guys, it’s probably interesting to drive a car, tell me, can you be a driver now? Why? Can all adults be drivers? Why? (children's answers - in order to drive a car, you need to study, you need to get a license, etc.) Of course, you cannot drive a real car yet, but you and I can dream up and play. Do you want it?
A physical lesson “We are drivers” is held (children show movements)
Let's go, let's go by car
(steering wheel movement)
Press the pedal
(leg bent at the knee, extended)
Turn the gas on and off
(turn the lever toward you, away from you)
We look intently into the distance
(palm to forehead)
The wipers clear away the drops
Right, left - cleanliness!
("windshield wipers")
The wind ruffles your hair
(ruffle hair with fingers)
We are drivers anywhere!
(thumb right hand up)
Educator: Look at the diagram, how much of what you have already named is on the street. What else can you tell about the streets of the city?
Children's statements:
To make it convenient, there are markings on the road;
People (pedestrians) move along the sidewalks; there are stops here for people who use public transport;
There are designated places for crossings on the streets;
There are many road signs on the streets and there is a traffic light.
Educator: The traffic light is our main assistant on the street; knowing and understanding its signals is very important. Let's remember the meaning of traffic lights and play the game "Be careful."
If the light turns red,
So move... (dangerous)
Green light says:
Come on, the way...(open).
Yellow light - warning -
Wait for the signal to...(move).
There are many streets in our city, all of them are very different: some have shops and houses along the road, some have parks, and there are streets where roads intersect each other - do you remember what such a place on the road is called? (children's answers).
I have prepared for you three bases on which we will make our layouts (demonstration of the prepared bases for layouts, then they are placed on three tables, on each table there is a red, yellow or green flag).
Come to me, take one circle from your cap (multi-colored circles with a diameter of 3 cm), see what color your circle is and go to the table on which there is a flag of the same color.
Now listen to the task: on the table in front of you lies the basis where you will try to make a model of the street yourself. Look carefully, think about what kind of street you will have? Decide together what will be on your street - what kind of houses will there be, will there be trees or not, will you need a traffic light and road signs? Try to do this work together.
We are in kindergarten and you and your parents at home have already prepared elements that may be useful to us - these are building models, traffic lights and road signs. You can use these templates to create your own layout.
When you finish your work, we will all look at your designs together and choose together which ones we will give to the kids.
Then the children make their own models, and if necessary, they are given help and a hint.
After the work is completed, each team presents its layout: they come up with the name of the street, the children tell how their street is structured, why they put up this or that sign, chose this particular place for the traffic light, etc. The discussion is conducted with the assistance of an adult.
Also, the teacher, depending on the children’s reaction, may suggest leaving the models in the group for several days, or immediately after the discussion, take them and give them to the kids.
Preview:
Appendix 5
“Like at our gate there lives a very important sign”
Materials and equipment:pedestrian crossing sign; 3 mugs of red, yellow and green.
The teacher tells the children that there is a road sign outside the kindergarten gates.
Asks the children why? Why are they needed? Shows the sign to the children and names it.
Educator : “Like ours at the gate,
A very important sign lives
This sign warns
The driver reduces speed.
Because the kids here are in a hurry to get to kindergarten.
This sign stands by the garden like a military sentry
This sign "pedestrian crossing"protects you and me.
Educator : Listen to the poem"ZEBRA"
"On the roadway across
Lay down in line"ZEBRA" - very affectionate animal
With this "ZEBRA" - best friend, we have known each other for many years
Back and forth, day and morning, we go to her,
There is no other habit!
And she greets us cordially
Smiling, we walk along it,
We know that the drivers are obedient and will let us through while driving.
Educator : Now listen to a poem about a boy.
Listen carefully and think about whether the boy behaved correctly on the road.
Situation No. 1
“What is it, what happened? Why is everything spinning and spinning around?
And it went head over heels.
It's just a boy Petya going to kindergarten alone
He is without mom and without dad kindergarten ran
And of course, on the road, boy, he almost got hurt
The boy is very inattentive, you can’t behave like that!
Think about it, kids, Petya needs some advice.
How to behave as a boy so as not to cause trouble!
ANSWERS from children:
A boy who is not careful can get hit by a car.
You need to know the rules of behavior on the road
You need to go to kindergarten with your dad or mom
Educator : Well done children. You gave Petya some very useful advice. I hope everything goes well with him.
Situation No. 2
“What is it, what happened? Why did everything around freeze and stop?
And it was as if I had gone to sleep.
This is just a boy, Lyosha, slowly walking to kindergarten.
He barely walks, doesn’t look around, and falls asleep as he walks!
You can't behave like that! Tell me what else you need to teach Lesha too
How to cross the road correctly?
Children's answers:
You need to be careful
You have to watch when you go left and right
Cross when there are no cars nearby and you can’t sleep while walking.
Educator : Well done guys. Now you and Lyosha have taught the rules of road behavior on the road. After all, the road is, first of all, a danger and an inattentive, absent-minded person can get into trouble. And not only he will suffer, but also the driver, which is why it is so important to know and follow the rules of the road.
Educator : And now I suggest you play a game of attention"TRAFFIC LIGHT"
Let's practice with you
1. When the color is red, clap your hands.
2. on yellow- you have to be silent
3. and on green- Hurray to shout!
(the game is repeated 3 – 4 times)
Preview:
Appendix 6
“When to call number “02”
Progress of the lesson:
Educator : Guess the fairy tale for which the illustration was made.
Children : "Cat, rooster, fox"
Educator : What is rashness?(what I did wrong)Rooster? How did the Fox manage to steal the Rooster? How did the cat behave? What should the Cockerel do in a situation where the fox spoke to him? Did the Rooster do the right thing by screaming loudly and calling his friend for help?(Discussing a fairy tale with the children)Remember also fairy tales where the characters get into trouble because they misbehave with strangers.
Children : "Kolobok", "Pinocchio"
Educator : You see what happens to the heroes of fairy tales. Kolobok left the house alone, believed the pretender Fox, and entered into long-term communication with her.
Educator : Why did Pinocchio suffer?
Children : I didn’t listen to dad Carlo, I didn’t go to school, but to the theater alone, so Karabas Barabas was able to steal it.
Educator : Guys, do you listen to adults?
Children's answers.
Educator : Not only in fairy tales, but also in life, situations happen when villains try to kidnap children and get into an apartment. What should you do in such situations?
Children : Do not open the door to strangers. On question : “Are you home alone?” - always answer “No, not alone: grandma is resting(mom is in the bathroom, dad is watching TV)".
Educator : You don’t have to give in to any persuasion or requests to open the door. And if necessary, call your neighbors and tell them that someone wants to enter your apartment. If intruders try to break down the door, call the police on 02, then call your mom or dad at work and your neighbors. If there is no phone, loud scream : “Police, leave immediately, they are breaking down the door!” and give the address. Call for help from the balcony or from windows : “Help, they’re breaking the door, I’m home alone!”
Organization of game training, which includes various types of persuasion, gentle voice, attractive communication, etc.
Example situations:
A guest has arrived from another city.
A nurse from the clinic brought medicine to my grandmother.
A mechanic came to repair the faucet.
The postman brought an urgent telegram.
Educator : Remember, children, when you are alone at home, never open the door to anyone!
Game "Who to call if the door is broken and knocked down."
Educator : I invite children to look at the illustrations and express their opinion about what to do when the door to the apartment is knocked down?
Children : You need to call the police on number 02, then call your mom or dad or neighbors. If there is no phone, shout loudly.
Educator: Well done!
Preview:
Appendix 7
"Visiting the fixies"
Target : Reinforce knowledge of dangerous situations in the home, teach how they can be avoided
Material : Telephone, multimedia system.
Progress of direct educational activities:
Educator : Hello guys!
Children: Hello!
Educator : Do you like watching cartoons?
Children: Yes.
Educator : Today we will go to visit the Fixies. Presentation(slide No. 1 – cartoon). Do you know who they are?
Children : These are little nuts and bolts people.
Educator: What are their names?
Children : Papus, Masya, Simka and Nolik(slide No. 2)
Educator : I want to tell you a story that happened to their friend Dim Dimych. His mother left him alone at home because she considered Dim Dimych to be quite independent and hoped that he would behave correctly(slide number 3).
Dim Dimych decided to iron his shirt,
I turned on the iron without my mother noticing,
And soon I completely forgot about him.
The iron got hot, the shirt and panties caught fire,
The fire destroyed toys and books.
So that he does not become your enemy,
Be careful with the iron(slide number 4).
The Fixies noticed the smoke, ran into the room and saw a fire
(slide No. 5) . Guys, who do you think will help the Fixies put out the fire?
Children: Firefighters.
Educator : That's right, but you will find out how we can contact them by guessing riddle:
On the sides of the box there are round buttons
Right there in the corner there is a handle with a tube on a cord.
Children: By phone (slide number 6).
Educator : The Fixies have a telephone, but they don’t know what number to call. Help them, tell them.
Children: By number 01. (slide number 7)
Educator : Here is the phone, you can call it and call the fire department. Pronounce your name and address correctly, clearly and calmly, describe the situation, and rest assured that they will definitely come to your aid. Now we will call the firefighters. I will be the dispatcher at the fire department, and you will be the victims.
Children call firefighters.
Educator : Oh, look, smoke has appeared (slide number 8, and the firefighters have not arrived yet, how should you behave?
Children : You can’t hide, you have to crawl your way to the exit.
Educator : If it is difficult to breathe from acrid smoke, what should you do in this case?
Children : You need to breathe through a wet cloth.
Educator : Well done guys, you saved Dim Dimych’s apartment from the fire. Look how happy the Fixies are(slide number 9).
Before you and I had time to cope with one misfortune, Dim Dimych again started something(slide number 10).
New Year is coming soon and he decided to check the Christmas tree garland. I plugged it into the outlet, but the garland did not light up. Dim Dimych began to sort through it and found a fault, the wire was torn and exposed. Dim Dimych connected the wires himself and was electrocuted(slide number 11) . Do not insert nails or fingers into the socket. Electricity is dangerous, be sure to know and remember. How can we help Dim Dimych?
Children : Call an ambulance.
Educator : What number will you call an ambulance? So what do you say?
Children: By number 03. (slide number 12)
Children call an ambulance.
Educator : Why did trouble happen to Dim Dimych?
Children : Because he did not follow the safety rules; did not turn off the garland from the network; I decided to check and repair the garland on my own without the participation of adults. But this cannot be done.
Educator : Well done, you managed to call for help to Dim Dimych in time. It's good that nothing serious happened to him. Let Dim Dimych rest a little, and we will play with the Fixies.
They are funny little people and love to play.
Fizminutka
Nolik and Simka were jumping and playing
Lost the house key
Nolik and Simka turned around,
Once - bend over,
Two - bent down,
Three - bent over.
Hands spread to the sides,
Apparently the key was not found.
To get them the key,
You need to stand on your toes.
Reach out and get it.
Educator : Has Nolik gone somewhere? Look, there's only Simka left(slide number 13) . Dim Dimych is looking for him too(slide number 14).
Help Simka and Dim Dimych find him? Where do you think Nolik is?
Children's answers.
Educator : Every house has dangerous places, such as balconies, open windows, heating radiators. If you don't follow safety rules, disaster can happen.(slide number 15).
Dim Dimych found Nolik, he rolled behind the radiator, but he couldn’t get out on his own, he had to wait for the adults.
Educator : Look, Simka is rushing to us(slide number 16) . Did something happen again? Dim Dimych was in trouble, he decided to get Nolik on his own without waiting for dad. His hand got stuck between the radiator and the wall. Who do we need to call now to help Dim Dimych?
Educator : Not one phone is answering? Don't worry guys, there is another service that will help us. It's called the Unified Rescue Service. Remember her number - 112(slide No. 17) . Call this service and ask for help to Dim Dimych? Just don't forget to give your last name, first name and address.
Children call the rescue service.
Educator : Dim Dimych’s mother will come soon, the iron is burnt out, the garland is not working. What to do? Children, call Simka and Nolik's parents? They will help us.
Children: Masya, Papus! (slide number 18) . Please help me fix everything in Dim Dimych’s apartment.
Educator : While the Fixies are fixing things, let’s do some eye exercises.
"Eyes"
Eyes left, eyes right,
Up and down, and all over again.
Blink quickly, quickly -
Give your eyes a rest!
So that we can be vigilant -
You need to roll your eyes.(Rotate your eyes in a circle.)
Educator : Masya and Papus fixed everything and went about their business. The bell rang. Dim Dimych asked"Who's there?" .
- “I’m your neighbor. You're flooding me with water. Are there any adults at home?
What should Dim Dimych do in this situation?
Children's answers.
Educator : You are left alone at home.
Suddenly the doorbell rang.
Don't trust strangers
No need to open the door!
If they start banging on the door -
Then call the police quickly!(slide number 19)
What number can you call the police?
Children: 02 (slide number 20).
Educator : Let's repeat the safety rules
Children : You cannot turn on the iron and electrical appliances yourself.
Look out of open windows, do not go out onto the balcony without adults, do not put your hands behind radiators.
If there is a fire, call 01;
If your health is in danger, call 03;
If an accident occurs, contact a single service
rescue - 112;
If a stranger knocks on the door, call 02.(slide number 21)
Educator : It’s time for us to say goodbye to the Fixies.(Slide number 22).
Children : Goodbye Fixies.
Preview:
Appendix 8
DANGERS AROUND US
The main advantage of preschoolers in teaching personal safety is that children of this age follow clearly formulated instructions from their parents in connection with age-related characteristics. It is necessary to highlight the rules of behavior that children will follow, since their health and safety depend on this. These rules should be explained in detail to children and then monitored for their implementation.
The task of adults is not only to protect and protect the child, but also to prepare him to face various difficult and sometimes dangerous life situations.
The child must know information about himself:first name, last name, address and telephone number.
Set boundaries for your child"friend or foe" : Set rules regarding strangers and enforce them.
Explain to your child: a stranger is any person he does not know (regardless of how he behaves or who he imagines himself to be).
To form a more accurate understanding of who is “your” and “stranger” people, ask them to depict in one drawing those people whom they consider “theirs” (mom, dad, grandmother, etc.), and in another drawing - strangers, strangers (seller, passer-by, etc.). If the child depicted someone else in the first picture, in addition to family members, for example: a teacher, a mother’s friend, a friend, explain that such people are called “acquaintances.” Offer to draw them in the third picture. It wouldn't hurt to run a few learning experiments to test your understanding of these rules. For example, a mother or father can agree with an acquaintance whom the child does not know so that he tries to get to know the baby and invites him to come with him. After the experiment, of course, you need to discuss with the child his reaction.
If the child is left alone at home: he must clearly understand that the door cannot be opened NOBODY , except for mom (dad, grandmother - specify the circle of people).
Household items,which are sources of potential danger to children are divided into three groups:
Items that are strictly prohibited to be used (matches, gas stoves, sockets, switched on electrical appliances);
Items that, depending on the age of the children, you need to learn how to handle correctly (needle, scissors, knife);
Items that adults should keep out of the reach of children (household chemicals, medicines, alcoholic drinks, cigarettes, cutting and stabbing instruments).
In the event of a firein the absence of adults, it is important for the child to know the following:
Do not hide under the table, in the closet or under the bed (firefighters may not immediately notice the child and may not have time to save him);
If possible, run out onto the balcony or look out the window and scream for help.
Child safety on the street
When preparing your child to go to school independently or ride a bike in the yard, you should walk around the entire yard with him, noting potentially dangerous places.
Make an agreement with your child, according to which he will only move along the safe route agreed with you and will not take shortcuts, especially in desert areas. This agreement is the basis of street safety.
The child must remember the following rules.
1.Do not go outside without adults.
2.Do not play on the sidewalk near the roadway.
3. Cross the road only at a pedestrian crossing when the traffic light is green.
4. Ride a bicycle in the city only where there are no cars.
5. Small children should ride a bicycle only in the presence of adults; children of older preschool age, even in the presence of adults, should not ride a bicycle on the sidewalk, as they can interfere with pedestrians, run over a small child, hit an elderly person, push a stroller with a baby .
6.Be attentive, but not overly cautious or cowardly.
7. It’s good to know the landmarks in the area of your home.
8.Walk in the middle of the sidewalk, avoiding bushes and doors, especially abandoned houses.
9.Know all the safe places where you can hide and get help.
10.Do not attract attention to yourself by your demeanor.
Safety in public transport
Parents should remember that young children should not travel on public transport without adults. But gradually children need to be prepared for this. For example, the child should know his route well, mainly the pick-up and drop-off stations. He must also know all the landmarks and street names along the route. Explain to your child that he must see and notice everything.
Advise your child to sit next to the driver or controller and wait for the bus only in a well-lit place. Of course, strengthen your child’s faith in his own instinct. He should leave as soon as he feels any discomfort. If a stranger speaks to him, he needs to attract the attention of others so that if necessary, someone can come to his aid.
When using public transport, the following rules must be observed.
1. You cannot show money to attract attention.
2. You cannot go close to the edge of the road when boarding a bus, especially during icy periods.
3. You cannot stand at the doors - this interferes with the entry and exit of passengers.
4.You cannot lean out or stick your hands out of open windows.
5. It is customary to give up your seat to elderly people, passengers with small children, and people with disabilities
"Road Safety".
You can cross the street only at pedestrian crossings. They are indicated by a special sign “Pedestrian crossing”.
If there is no underground crossing, you must use a crossing with a traffic light.Outside populated areas, children are only allowed to walk with adults along the edge towards cars.If your parents have forgotten which side to go around the bus or tram, you can remind them that these vehicles It is dangerous to pass both in front and behind. You need to go to the nearest pedestrian crossing and cross the street along it.
Under no circumstances should you run out onto the road. You have to stop before the road.
You cannot play on the roadway or on the sidewalk.
It is safest to cross the street in a group with a group of pedestrians.
When the car is moving:
Teach children to sit in the car only in the back seat;
Do not allow anyone to sit next to the driver unless the front seat is equipped with a child seat;
Do not allow a small child to stand in the back seat while driving: in the event of a collision or sudden stop, he may fly over the back of the seat and hit the front window;
Do not allow children to be in the vehicle unattended.
The best way to teach children has always been by example. If you want to teach your child safety rules, first of all, follow them yourself.
Talk to your children as often as possible and help them solve even minor problems.
Dear parents!
You are a role model for children. You are an object of love and imitation for a child. This must always be remembered, and even more so when you take a step onto the roadway with your baby.
To prevent your child from getting into trouble, teach him respect for the rules of the road patiently, daily, unobtrusively.
The child should only play in the yard under your supervision. He must know: you can’t go out on the road.
Do not intimidate the child, but watch with him and take advantage of the situation on the road, yard, street; Explain what happens to transport and pedestrians.
Develop your child's visual memory and attention. To do this, create game situations at home. Let your baby lead you to kindergarten and home from kindergarten.Your child should know:
You can’t go out on the road;
You can cross the road only with adults, holding the hand of an adult;
you need to cross the road at a calm pace;
pedestrians are people who walk along the street;
in order for there to be order on the road, so that there are no accidents, so that a pedestrian does not get hit by a car, you must obey the traffic light: red light - no traffic, yellow light - attention, and green says: “Pass the path is open”;
There are different types of cars (trucks, cars);
this is transport. The cars are driven by drivers. The highway (road) is intended for transport. When we travel in public transport, we are called passengers. While riding in public transport, you should not lean out of the window.
Preview:
Appendix 9
Wildlife
Progress of the lesson:
Guys, why do we love the forest? Park? River?
Yes, that's right. We love a forest, a park, a river because they decorate our street, city, our land. Various trees, herbs, mushrooms, and berries grow in the forest. The forest is quiet, the air is clean and transparent. Trees, bushes, flowers, and herbs also grow in the park. They were planted by people, your mothers and fathers, grandfathers and grandmothers. We love the river because it is clean, clear water that she gives water to trees, shrubs and herbs growing along the banks. Children, what do plants need to grow well? Yes, for plants to grow well, they also need light, warmth, moisture, and nutrition.
Who lives in the forest?
Right. Animals, birds, insects, frogs, snakes live in the forest.
What grows in the forest?
Different types of trees and grass grow in the forest. Among them there are many medicinal ones.
What medicinal plants do you know?(Children name plants, and the teacher shows illustrations)
Right : tansy, coltsfoot, plantain, raspberry, linden, etc.
What kind of trees do you know?(Children's answers)
Such species grow in the forest trees : aspen, maple, spruce, linden, oak.
Why do people need forests?
Yes, in our life the forest has great value. The forest provides people with wood, medicinal plants, mushrooms, and berries. Birds and animals feed on the fruits of the trees. The forest beautifies our land and purifies the air. And therefore, how should we treat the forest?
That's right, we must protect it.
Guys, who looks after the forest and protects it?
Yes, foresters are responsible for protecting the forest.
How do they care for the forest?
Foresters ensure that the forest is healthy, destroy pests, cut down diseased trees, and protect the forest from fires.
How do children and adults take care of the forest?
Yes, the forest is man's friend. It’s not for nothing that people They say : Too much forest - take care, not enough forest - plant!" People protect the forest from fires, clear away dead trees, plant new young trees. Children also take care of forest : they collect tree seeds, care for young seedlings, make sure that no one destroys bird nests, breaks or cuts down trees, tramples the grass in parks and does not play with fire in the forest, make sure that no one litters springs, lakes, and rivers.
How should you behave in the forest?
Yes, guys, in the spring, when birds hatch their chicks, you can’t scream, you can’t destroy nests, anthills, break tree branches, pick a large number of flowers, you can’t make a fire in a dry forest or in parks.
How should you behave in the field?
Yes, bread grows in the field. Therefore, you cannot walk across the field, otherwise you will trample the ears of bread. trampled plants will not grow.
How should we behave near a river, spring, or lake?
Yes, don’t pollute water bodies, don’t scare the fish by screaming.
Physical education minute
Swans, swans are flapping their wings.
They leaned over the water and shook their heads.
They know how to hold on proudly and stubbornly
And they sit quietly on the water.
Listen to the story. There are many islands in the cold White Sea in the north. Beautiful birds lived on these islands - eiders. Warm fluffy things were made from eider down. And that's why they were hunted. There were fewer and fewer birds. Then people decided : You can’t shoot the eider anymore, you need to take care of this useful and beautiful bird, you can’t let it disappear completely. A nature reserve was created on the islands. They called it "Seven Islands". Eiders live in it, and now there are so many of them there that it’s impossible to even count them. This is how people preserved this beautiful bird.
Man protects not only birds, but also all rare animals, of which there are very few left. For this purpose, reserves are created.
Who knows what a reserve is?
Animals and birds, insects and plants live and breed in nature reserves. Nature reserves in our country have been created in different regions.
We also have a nature reserve in Bashkiria. The nature of our republic is very beautiful and in the reserve it is carefully protected, as well as animals, birds, insects, meadows, forests and reservoirs.
Guys, why does nature require careful treatment?
Nature is the wealth of our Motherland, and it must be protected so that the flowers in the meadows, trees, birds, and streams do not disappear from the face of the earth.
How should we treat the trees, shrubs, and flowers in our kindergarten area?(Children's stories)
Now we will play the game "What does nature give us?" For example, I will name the word “forest”, and you must list what people get from the forest.
"Forest" - mushrooms, wood, berries, nuts, medicinal herbs.
"Field" - wheat, oats, rye, corn.
"River" - water, fish, sand.
"Earth" - food for plants, minerals, clay.
- Guys, let trees grow lushly in our parks, gardens, forests and birds sing calmly. Let springs and wells always have clean and clear water. Let there be a lot of fish in ponds, lakes and rivers. All this is our wealth, without which we cannot live. For fish - water, for birds - air, for animals - forest and mountains. But a person needs a homeland. And protecting nature means protecting the Motherland.
Preview:
Appendix 10
In the world of dangerous plants
Educator: Hello guys! Tell me what it isplants?
Children: Plants are trees, bushes, grass, flowers.
Educator: That's right, guys. And whatplantshappen in relation to people?
Children: Medicinal andpoisonous.
Educator: Well done! Today we will get acquainted withpoisonous plants. So,poisonous plants are those plants, which contain chemicals, which when entering the body of a person or animal can lead to severe illness and even sometimes death.
Toxic substances, which are in the veryplant, for the mostplantsare of great importance, that is, they protect him. Some substancespoisonous plant, having undergone certain processing, can even be part of medications.
Sometimespoisonous plantsare very bright and beautiful. But you should know that bright colors are a danger signal. That's why, in order not to get into trouble, now we will meet somepoisonous plants and their appearance.
1. Castor bean.
The mostpoisonous plant among seed species. After a few hours, poisoning sets in and yellowing of the skin, burning and abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and weakness appear.
2. Crow's eye.
Veryrhizomes and berries are poisonous. In case of poisoning, vomiting, colic, diarrhea, convulsions and dizziness appear, and it becomes difficult to breathe. Also thismedicinal plant.
3. Belladonna(Belladonna).
Verypoisonous plant, two berries are enough, and death occurs for the child.
All parts of the plant are poisonous - especially the berries. Belladonna poisoning causes dryness and burning in the mouth and dilated pupils. It is also medicinalplant.
4. Datura.
Thisthe plant is also called"prickly cucumber" or "prickly apple", because its round fruits are covered with numerous spines. Thismeansprotection from being eaten by animals. All partspoisonous plants. When poisoned with dope, nervous excitement occurs, leading to mental disorder. Datura leaves are medicinal.
5. Lily of the valley.
Lily of the valley is considered highly toxic for humans. All partsplants are poisonous. In case of poisoningplant, vision clarity decreases, headache appears. Also thisplantis medicinal.
6. Wolf's bast.
In all partsplants contain poison. In case of poisoningappear: vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, increased salivation. Is medicinalplant.
Educator: So, guys, we metpoisonous plants. Now it’s important to remember the rules for safe interaction withpoisonous plants:
1) Do not rush to tear down the unfamiliarplant, until you ask an adult about it!
2) Never taste unfamiliar berries!
3) When you return from a walk, be sure to wash your hands with soap!
Educator: But if suddenly something bad happened to someone and someone got poisonedpoisonous plants, he definitely needs help. To do this, it is necessary to provide first aid. and we will find out about this next time.
See you soon!
Preview:
Appendix 11
Consultation for parents “Safe Road”
It's no secret what the lately, due to the increased number of vehicles, the situation on the roads has sharply worsened. And this is connected, first of all, not with the amount of increased traffic congestion, but with the number of increased cases of road accidents, the participants of which are often small pedestrians.
Due to this, priority society becomes ensuring road safety. Solving this problem must be approached from all sides. Agree, if in kindergarten a child is taught the necessary knowledge in the field of road traffic, and in the evening of the same day the father turns to a red traffic light, saying: “The cars are still far away,” what kind of education can we talk about raising a competent pedestrian? After all, the main example for a child is his parents! Therefore, when solving the problem of child injuries on the roads, it is necessary to start with the parents.
Proper preparation of children is important here. Leaving the walls of the house, the child faces many dangers. However, due to their characteristics: they consider themselves very dexterous and fast, they do not know how to correctly determine the distance to an approaching car, its speed - a preschooler is not able to soberly assess the seriousness of a particular situation. Therefore, you can often find children playing ball next to the roadway or a child running across the road in the wrong place. It is quite natural for them to go out onto the road and start racing there. But alas, these children's games do not always end well. According to statistics, the number of children injured under the wheels of cars has increased significantly and received various injuries, ranging from bruises and abrasions to more serious consequences.
Many parents mistakenly think that talking to their child about road rules should only begin when the child goes to kindergarten. After all, long before entering kindergarten, while walking with his mother, the child involuntarily remembers her behavior in a given situation on the street. If a mother crosses the road in the wrong place, then it will be impossible to explain and prove to him that this should not be done. Mom goes and I can. Therefore, before you teach your child traffic rules, you need to learn them yourself.
Memo for parents of the “Competent Pedestrian”:
When crossing the road, do not rush;
As soon as you step off the sidewalk onto the roadway, you must stop any conversation, as it distracts and reduces the pedestrian’s vigilance;
You need to cross the road only when the light turns green. Red - stop. Yellow - wait;
Crossing the road is permitted only in specially designated areas marked with a “Pedestrian Crossing” sign;
Leaving the salon public transport, always go out first; otherwise, the child may either fall or, without waiting for you, run out onto the road;
Never go out on the road without making sure it is safe;
Do not allow children to play near the roadway;
On the way to kindergarten and home, try to walk along the safest route, drawing the child’s attention to details (for example, there is a Romashka store on the right, a playground on the left), so that in case of unforeseen situations the child can return home independently.
Memo for parents of the “Literate Passenger”:
Always fasten your child and yourself with seat belts, even if you only need to travel a short distance;
For children under 12 years of age, it is necessary to purchase a special car seat appropriate for their age, height and weight;
While the car is moving, do not allow children to scream or move around the cabin, this may distract you and lead to an accident;
Show your child how to properly leave the car: through the right door, located on the sidewalk side.
Be careful and take care of your children!!!
Preview:
Appendix 12
Diagnosticsknowledge and skills of safe behavior of children at home
The purpose of the diagnosis is to determine children’s knowledge about sources of danger, about precautions when handling dangerous objects, as well as the opportunity to adjust further work to educate children’s safe behavior.
№ | F.I. baby | Knowledge about sources of danger in everyday life (based on subject pictures) What leads to... | Knowledge of precautions when dealing with dangerous household objects (based on pictures) | Notes |
||||||
cuts | burns | fires | electrical injuries | falls and bruises | Why did this happen to a boy (girl)? | What did he/she do wrong? | What could you do? |
|||
1. | Agalieva Sumaya | |||||||||
2. | Budanov Bogdan | |||||||||
3. | Borzokh Daria | |||||||||
4. | Dorogavtseva Liza | |||||||||
5. | Zapisetsky Nikita | |||||||||
6. | Lokhmotov Matvey | |||||||||
7. | Markina Anastasia | |||||||||
8. | Kashirina Alevtina | |||||||||
9. | Kaibova Magihalum | |||||||||
10. | Matsarsky Maxim | |||||||||
11. | Lelet Peter | |||||||||
12. | Sergeev Semyon | |||||||||
13. | Magamedov Adam | |||||||||
14. | Terebei Kostya | |||||||||
15. | Letchikova Anna | |||||||||
16. | Chukhlantseva Anna | |||||||||
17. | Chiryev Kirill | |||||||||
18. | Shumilina Sonya | |||||||||
19. | Homeland Lyuba | |||||||||
20. | Glopkov Grisha | |||||||||
21. | Yashin Roma | |||||||||
22. | Evseeva Lera | |||||||||
23. | Stativa Artem | |||||||||
24 | Anisimov N. | |||||||||
Svetlana Chamanova
« Formation of careful behavior in older preschoolers
and prudent attitudes towards potentially dangerous
for humans situations»
Target:
Improving your professional skills and competence.
Improving conditions for formation in preschool children age of stable skills security in the surrounding social environment.
Tasks:
Study educational, reference, scientific and methodological literature on the issue forming the foundations of safe behavior in children
Learn to model work based on studied types, techniques and methods;
To systematize the experience of developing in children of senior preschool age a cautious and prudent attitude towards potentially dangerous situations in the form methodological recommendations for teachers.
Problem:
Help your child understand what situations he is clearly exposing himself dangers and what you need to do to ensure yourself safety in hazardous environments.
The relevance of the topic is due to next: V preschool age it is problematic to educate “providing security in case of natural disasters, extreme situations in everyday life, outdoors, transport” due to small life experience. Children preschool age, they find themselves completely unprepared for responsibility for their own and other people’s lives. You can teach your child to answer questions correctly safe behavior how to act correctly in a certain situations, but the child does not have the ability to recognize the type dangerous situation and immediately act in it. Practice everything possible with children situations in which they can get in, impossible.
Therefore there was a need to form concepts in a preschooler« danger - safety» allowing him independently determine the status of the situation in different areas of life and act in it, help master basic skills of behavior at home, on the street, in transport, develop preschoolers independence and responsibility. Significant is the problem of creating conditions in preschool educational institution, allowing the child to systematically accumulate experience safe behavior.
The main task in the work of preschool educational institutions is to protect the life and health of children, puts preschool the institution is faced with the need to systematize work in such areas as anticipate, teach, protect.
Formation of the foundations of safe behavior in older preschoolers at home, society, nature - an integral part of the general educational - educational work, while closely linking the process with moral education– one of the main tasks of the comprehensive development of children. What allows you to compose and solve problems relative to the system« Danger– cause – consequences”.
For preschoolers must be submitted following:
- Danger– why expect trouble, what threatens himself, surroundings, nature;
Reason – why did the problem happen, which contributed to the implementation dangers;
Consequences - what a disaster loss health and other adverse events may occur.
When modeling work with children within each topic, I on one's own I determine the content form and the sequence of presentation of the material, the place of this work in the educational process, taking into account the conditions preschool , age characteristics of children, their own capabilities and abilities. I use the following forms of work: directly educational activities, joint activities, excursions, conversations, research activities, reading fiction and educational literature, registration subject-spatial environment, informationally computer technology. Together with the head of physical development, music director carry out: physical education activities, holidays, during which children’s knowledge of the basics is consolidated safety of preschool children. When revealing each task, I adhere to the following sequences:
Introductory information in the form of conversations, looking at illustrations, tables, reading educational and fiction literature.
In-depth study of the material.
Generalization of knowledge, abilities, skills.
To achieve the goals of developing in older preschoolers a cautious and prudent attitude towards potentially dangerous situations for humans, the following are most effective: forms of working with children:
Educational situations; “Alone at home. There's a knock on the door", "Electrical appliances and electricity", "So as not to quarrel with fire", “Matches are not a toy for children”, "Rules of Conduct with Strangers", "Rules for the treatment of animals", "Appearances can be deceiving", « Dangers are all around us» , "On a visit to the traffic light", "In the land of road signs", "Earthquake", « Be careful - poisonous plants» ;
Conversations based on experience children: "Evil and Good Fire", « Safe City» , "My helpers on the roads", "My safety is in my hands» , "The work of a traffic police officer", “What will happen if... you set fire to the grass, make a fire in the forest?”, "Games in the yard and at home";
Conversations on illustrations, plot pictures from the series "Road safety» , "Firefighter safety» , "Electrical appliances";
- entertainment, leisure: "We are young firefighters", "Journey to the Land of Road Signs";
Games (verbal, didactic, mobile, role-playing);
Excursions around the preschool educational institution, to the fire station, to the crossroads, to the library;
Observations;
Experiments and experiences;
Game trainings; “Smoke in the group. How to proceed", "Service call 01", “If something catches fire in the house, what should you do?”, "Conversation with the fire department dispatcher";
Simulation of given situations.
Selected and manufactured didactic material according to traffic rules
A traffic rules corner has been created in the group
Within theme week “Electrical appliances. Fire department safety» was fire safety corner
Fiction is both a source of knowledge and a source of feelings; it makes a child think and feel what is difficult and impossible for him in everyday life.
List of artistic literature:
About the rules of the road movement:
N. Nosov "Automobile", "Road Tale", "Gift from a Zebra"
O. Kamakin "The Tale of Runaway Bicycles", "Friends' Journey", "The Tale of a Truck", "The Tale of the Rules of the Road"
S. Mikhalkov “Uncle Styopa is a policeman”, "Bad Story"
A. Northern "Traffic light"
About fire rules security:
L. Tolstoy "Fire Dogs"
B. Zhitkov "Fire", "Smoke", "Fire at Sea"
Yu. Yakovlev "What does the fire sing about"
T. Fetisova “Where do the red cars rush?”
O. Gerasimov "The Tale of the Dispute between Fire, Water and Wind", "Seven Heavenly Horses"
B. Ilyin "Solar Torch"
About the rules of conduct on nature:
E. Krutovskaya "Taiga Heart"
L. Tolstoy "Two Comrades"
K. Ushinsky "Know how to wait"
S. Mikhalkov "Forest Trouble"
V. Blaginina "Ogonyok"
Highlighted the following directions work to implement this tasks: rules of behavior in extreme situations, typical for a particular time of year (thunderstorm, ice, training in the skills of providing basic assistance for scratches and bruises; imparting some knowledge on communicating with strangers, getting to know the rules of the road. One of the directions is - formation ideas about the rules of handling fire and electrical appliances.
I have structured my work with children in the main areas, which include the following: sections:
Child and firefighter safety
Child and road safety
Child and nature
Manufactured didactic games by fire department security
In order to study the educational needs of parents, a survey was conducted to identify parents’ interest in education issues preschoolers rules of safe behavior at home, on the road, and others situations"Child and dangerous situations» , « Safety child through the eyes of parents". Based on the results of the survey, consultations were offered.
Decorated traffic folders and fire department security.
A book was made together with parents - homemade“Don’t joke with fire, my friend, so you don’t regret it later”.
